Term
Poppy
Used for:
Main Ingredient:
MOA: |
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Definition
Treat Melacholia and depression
Opium w/ morphine, codeine,
Alter brain stem, limbic system, and block
messages from spinal cord |
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Term
Peruvian Bark
Used for
Main ingredient
Moa:
Adverse Effect: |
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Definition
malria
quinine
inhibit heme polymerase
paralysis and pulmonary edema |
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Term
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Definition
antifebrile (anti fever)
salicin (leads to ASS, aka aspirin) |
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Term
Foxglove
Used for
Main Ingredient
MOA
Adverse
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Definition
diuretic
Digitoxin
inhibit Na/K ATPase and leads to
Increased Na and Ca
cardiac arrest, uncoordinated contractions, DEATH.
*Gary Payton, aka the Glove. Digits in gloves. Electrolytes for Na/K Atpase...
Arrested a lot ( cardiac arrest, uncoordinate contractions, career is DEAD)
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Term
St. Anthony's Fire
Main ingredient
Used for |
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Definition
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Term
Calabar Bean
Used
Main ingredient(s)
MOA |
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Definition
glacoma, constipation
Prydiostigmine and Physostigmine
anticholinterase (inhibits acetylcholine hydrolysis) |
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Term
Deadly Night Shade
Main Ingredient
MOA |
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Definition
Atropine and Scopolamine
muscarinic antagonist = antigcholinergic |
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Term
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Definition
muscle relaxant
paralysis |
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Term
Madagascar Periwinkle
Main Ingredient
Main Use
MOA |
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Definition
Vinblastine and vincristine
Leukemia and Tumor
Stops mitosis by inhibiting microtubles |
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Term
Yew Tree
Main Ingredient
Used for |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
carinomas, lymphomas, Kaposi's Sarcoma
Inhibits Toposiomerase II so...
stops unwinding of TATA box = no replication |
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Term
An alkaloid is…
A.a plant constituent which was isolated during the 19th century
B.a natural substance with toxic actions on the parasympathetic nervous system
C.an alkaline substance used to treat psychiatric symptoms
D.a Nitrogen-containing, basic plant constituent with strong physiological effects
E.a müsli-type mixture of healthy stuff with bad taste
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
I) Serious Risks/Death
II) May Cause
III) Not cause, but violate laws |
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Term
| Marketing Does Product Line Extensions, which are? |
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Definition
1) Confusion = Wrong Selection
2) Suffixes are misleading = may not contain active ingredient |
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Term
| Advertising is looked over by |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1) Lawful
2) Ask patients to read directions
3) No unsubstantial claims/curative
4) No bash Competitors
5) Benefits/use |
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Term
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Definition
1) Self treatable?
2) Abuse potential?
3) Easy Directions?
4) Habit Forming? |
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Term
| Federal Regulations (main 4) |
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Definition
1) Pure Food and Drug Act (not have to be safe and effective)
2) Federal ...Cosmetics: Food must be Safe
3) 51 Amendment: Rx or OTC
4) 62 Amendment: Must be Safe and EFFECTIVE |
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Term
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Definition
1) List of acceptable ingredients
*manufacturers can make drug without FDA if provide monograph |
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Term
| How are dietary Supplements different? |
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Definition
1) Exempt from purity and potency standards
2) Not require clinical trials, just provide evidence its safe if used as directed |
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Term
| Dietary Supplements are regulated under? |
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Definition
| DSHEA = Dietary Supplemental Headth and Education Act establish: Center Food Safety under FDA |
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Term
| Dietary Labeling must have these 2 |
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Definition
1) Claims not...by FDA
2) SUPPLEMENT |
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Term
| 3 Categories of Claims for Dietary Supp |
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Definition
FDA only looks at
1) Health
2) Nutrient
The last Claim, Structure, is on own, and defines how product maintain healthy body structure/fxn. |
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Term
| posion control center number |
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Definition
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Term
| major poisonings in children |
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Definition
1) Analgesics
2) Vit (Fe especially)
3) Cough/Cold Products
4) Cosemetics
5) Household Products |
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Term
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Definition
PLAID shirts.
1) Pseudoephedrine
2) Laxatives
3) Antihistamines
4) Inhalants
5) Dextromephorphan (DXM) |
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Term
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Definition
UPPER
Euphoria, Hallucinaiotions, Hyperactivity |
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Term
| Sales of Pseudphedrine rules: |
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Definition
1)Quantity: 3 g/day 9g/month
2)Name, address, age(16), date |
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Term
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Definition
| arrhytmia, anxiety, insomnia |
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Term
| MOA and Adverse methapehntamine |
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Definition
| blocks reuptake of N.T. so increase energy, increase BP ->weight loss, depression, |
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Term
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Definition
| range of out of body hallucinations with recreational drug use |
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Term
| Adverse Antihistamine, aka |
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Definition
| Diphenhydramine, (not Dextro...DXM), chorpheniramine. Euphoria, Inhibits CYP2D6, and muscarinc receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| diarahea, electolyte imbalance, weight loss, dependency |
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Term
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Definition
| anesthesia, depressent, heart lung liver kidney disease, death, impulsivity, hyperactivity, light head |
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Term
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Definition
DiHdyro....Sterone.
*steroid precursor -> anabolic steroid
-acne, hair loss, decrease bone growth, liver heart damage |
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Term
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Definition
| Ma Huang, (Upper) - increase energy, increase weight loss -> increase bp, seizure, arrhtmia |
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Term
| So to review, uppers of posion |
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Definition
| Inhalants, Ephedra, Psedoephdrine, Dextromethophan (DXM) |
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Term
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Definition
| Ind Act of Preventing,diagnosing, treating without Professional Advice |
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Term
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Definition
| Use by Consumer without intervention of health professional |
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Term
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Definition
| Intended to supplement diet but is not Considered a drug |
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Term
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Definition
| Have know effects which mimic symptoms, syndromes, conditions and IS considered a drug |
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Term
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Definition
| Cure disease, reduce symptoms, slow/arrest process, prevent |
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Term
| Suboptimal occur because bad |
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Definition
1) Drug selection
2) Patient Idosyncracy
3) Patient Behavior
4) Delivery |
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Term
| Categories of Med-Related Problems |
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Definition
1) Untreated Indications
2) Drugs but no indication
3) wrong dosage amount (high/low)
4) Adverse/Ixns
5) Selection |
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Term
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Definition
65% Pharm D in retail
3/4 self treat
1/4 no insurance
18% of hospitilization due to OTC
Consumers not reconize risk, only see benefits |
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Term
| Good listening and Questioning |
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Definition
Active listening
Make time (no distractions, focus on patient)
Understanding/Emphathy
No leading questions, big words, arrogant, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
Good: open body, eye contact, awareness, facial
Bad: closed, blah blah |
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Term
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Definition
| Multiple disease->multiple drugs ->Drug Ixns -> Self Treat -> low income. |
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Term
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Definition
QUickly assess patient
Establish if good self-care patient
Suggest strategies
Talk with patient |
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Term
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Definition
| Symptoms, Characteristics, History, Onset, Location, Aggravating, Remitting |
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Term
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Definition
(DIPPE)
Dosage Form,
Ingredients
Possible Adverse
Price
Effectiveness |
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Term
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Definition
DA GIPA!
Diseases
Age
Gender
Income
Personal Preference
Allergies to Drug |
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Term
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Definition
DIPPE
Dosage Form
Ingredients
Price
Possible Adverse
Effectiveness |
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Term
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Definition
Quickly Assess the patient
Establish if good self care patient
Suggest Strategies
Talk to Patient
Symptoms, characteristics, history, onset, location, aggravating, remiting |
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Term
| Categories of Pregnacy/Lactation |
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Definition
A) no risk
B) animal studies no risk
c) animals showed risk
D) Benefits outweigh risk
X) Risk outweigh Benefits |
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Term
| 1st versus 2nd Metabolites |
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Definition
1st = universal
2nd = specific
(25-50% of current drugs are plant constituents). |
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Term
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Definition
Greeks thought God brought Dieases,
physics chem bio chem saw metaphysical medications
discovery of alkoloids (nitrogenous based plant constiuents)
Active drugs extracted from plants and chemical synthesis
Pharmacology -> drug development in enzyme inhibition
Drug devlop in receptors and ion channels |
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Term
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Definition
| w.o therapeutic ingredient but high therapeutic effect in subjective conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| distinguishes subjective (psychological) and objective (physiological) effects |
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Term
| Effect of Placebo Explained? |
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Definition
Nature taking own course.
Process of treatment theory
Basically pt is at height of diseas so self healing occurs cause patient has finally accepted they're sick and taken active steps for changes to lifestyle |
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Term
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Definition
Opiate like effects on Scans
Useful in ambulatory and clinical settings |
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Term
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Definition
When no other alternative exists
When patient can't take current meds
Stronger med not useful
*always remember never to prevent EFFECTIVE treatment if it exists. |
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Term
| Nocebo and Psudeoplacebos |
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Definition
Gives adverse effect
Registered drugs used in an ineffective way (ex. Vitamins for Cancer patient). |
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Term
| General Guidelines for Placebo |
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Definition
| Psychomatic and Subjective |
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Term
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Definition
ACC ADH
Anticoagulant
CNS up
CNS down
Antidepressents
Diabetes
Hypertension |
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Term
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Definition
Five 5G's
Feverfew, garlic, ginsing, ginger, ginkgo |
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Term
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Definition
YES
Yohimbe, Ephedrine (ma huang), St Johns |
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Term
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Definition
| Hawthrone, Kava Kava, Valerian |
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Term
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Definition
YES-G (Are you sad? Yes God!)
Ginseng, Yohimbe, Ephedrine, St John |
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Term
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Definition
3G's with Heath and Mars
garlic, ginger, gingsing, Hawthrone, Ma Huang |
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Term
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Definition
Yes with Romance of the 3 Kingdoms
Licorice, ginseng, goldenseal |
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Term
| 5G's, Yes, Hawthrone, KavaKava, Valerian, Yes G, 3G's Heath-Mars, and Yes with 3 Kingdoms. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-pain relief, blood thinnger
-ulceration, blisters, hypothermia |
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Term
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Definition
-prostate, inflamed urinary tract
-hormone therapies
The Itlian Hitman, bad prostrate and inflamed urinary tract that died from rat poisioning and hormone inbalance |
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Term
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Definition
-immune system, cold/flu, wounds
-steroids, inflamation
Knuckles, when I was sick, played video games, he was overly strong. |
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Term
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Definition
-decrease HIV protease inhibitors (you have aids - shown by wart)
-decreases indinavir and cyclosporine |
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Term
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Definition
sedative, muscle relaxant
- prolong anesthesia and anti-seizure |
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Term
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Definition
reduce anxiety
-prolonged anestehsia and anti-seizure |
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Term
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Definition
part of the 3 kingdoms
decreases stomach ulcers, but leads to high blood pressure |
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Term
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Definition
headaches, and RA
-anticoagulants |
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Term
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Definition
decrease blood pressure and cholesterol
- anticoagulants |
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Term
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Definition
laxative and decrease inflamation
-increase bp |
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Term
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Definition
mental concentration and increase stamina
-anticoagulant, increase blood pressure |
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Term
| Common Myths about Herbals |
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Definition
its safe,
safer than most drugs
FDA approved |
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Term
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Definition
-Gluacoma/constipation
-prydiotiagmine
-anticholinesterase |
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Term
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Definition
eyes
-atropine=scopaoalmine
-muscarine antagnist = antichoinergic |
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Term
| Common Chemicals in Herbs |
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Definition
FAT
Flavonoids = Estrogenic
Aristochic Acid = carcinogenc (aloe, cascara, rhubarb)
-Terpenes (violate, allergenc) |
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Term
| Terpenes examples and adverse |
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Definition
pine oil, chamoille, cinnamun, angus
- pneumonia, coma, bleeding, inhibit prolactin, increas blood pressure |
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Term
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Definition
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