Term
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
3 classes? |
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Definition
- Turbellaria
- trematoda (Genus Clonorchis sinensis and fasciola hepatica)
- Cestoda (Genus Taenia)
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Term
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Definition
| Chemical receptors that detect dissolved characters in waste |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscular extension of the gastrovascular cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| Central space filled with tissue (mesoderm) |
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Term
| List several features of planaria that suggest adaptation to a free-living lifestyle |
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Definition
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Term
| Flatworms were the first organisms to evolve specialized cells for excretion (flame cells). What specific purpose does an excretory system serve? |
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Definition
The primary function of flame cells is in osmoregulation, with excretion being a secondary role.
Development of an excretory system designed to collect, concentrate, and eliminate metabolic wastes was a major evolutinoary step that was one of the prerequisiites for animals to evolve larger body sizes |
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Term
| Platyhelminthes characterists |
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Definition
- Free living (usually) aquatic and parasitic flatworms
- Soft-bodied, bilaterally symmetric
- Triploblastic tissue (acoelomate)
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Term
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Definition
Turbellaria (planarians)
-mostly free-living, carnivorous, aquatic forms
-ciliated epidermis |
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Term
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Definition
cross-section of Turbellaria (planarians)
identify
-epidermis
-mesoderm
-pharynx
-cilia
-pharyngeal cavity |
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Term
Class trematoda
(2 Genus') |
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Definition
-Parasitic with wide-range of invertebrate and vertebrate hosts
-suckers for attachment to host
Genus: Clonorchis sinensis (human liver fluke)
Genus: Fasciola hepatica (sheep liver fluke) |
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Term
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Definition
Trematoda
Genus Clonorchis sinensis (human liver fluke)
Identify:
-Oral sucker
-Ventral sucker
-Pharynx
-Testes
-Uterus
-Gastrovascular cavity
-Excretory pore |
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Term
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Definition
Trematoda
Genus Clonorchis sinensis (human liver fluke)
Identify:
-Oral sucker
-Ventral sucker
-Pharynx
-Testes
-Uterus
-Gastrovascular cavity
-Excretory pore |
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Term
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Definition
Trematoda
Genus Clonorchis sinensis (human liver fluke)
Identify:
-Oral sucker
-Ventral sucker
-Pharynx
-Testes
-Uterus
-Gastrovascular cavity
-Excretory pore |
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Term
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Definition
Fasciola hepatica
Identify
-oral
-ventral
-testes
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Term
| List several anatomical and behavioral features of trematodes that suggest adaptation to a parasitic lifestyle |
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Definition
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Term
| Which organs occupy the majortiy of the body space of the fluke? explain. |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the digestive system of flukes complete or incomplete? |
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Definition
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Term
| Class Cestoda characterists |
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Definition
-Parasitic in most vertebrate hosts
-Complex lifestyle with intermediate and multiple hosts
-Obtains food using microtriches (minute projections covering body surface) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Immature proglottid
Class cestoda |
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Term
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Definition
Mature proglottid
Class Cestoda |
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Term
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Definition
Gravid proglottid
Class cestoda |
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Term
| Describe the changes that occur in tapeworm proglottids as they mature |
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Definition
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Term
| Tapeworms have been shaped by evolutin for one purpose- reproduction. Describe how their body plan is set up to maximize their efficiency for obtaining nutrition and translating this energy into reproductive output |
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Definition
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Term
| Phylum Nematoda characteristics |
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Definition
- Pseudocoelom with complete digestive tract
- Usually dioecious
- Free-living and parasitic members |
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Term
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Definition
Ascaris lumbricoides Female
identify;
intestine
genitral pore
vagina
uterus
lateral line
oviducts |
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Term
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Definition
ascaris lumbricoides
male
identify:
-intestine
-vas deferens
-testes
-lateral line
-seminal vesicle |
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Term
| How do you know the difference between male and female Ascaris lumbricoides? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of body plan does Ascaris have? |
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Definition
| Pseudocoelom; body cavity lined on the inside by a layer of gastrodermis and on the outside by a layer of mesoderm |
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Term
| Phylum Mollusca characteristics |
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Definition
-Shell
-Mantle
-Visceral Mass
-Foot |
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Term
| Class Bivlavia characteristics |
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Definition
(clams, oysters, mussels)
-marine and freshwater
-body compressed between two hinged shells |
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Term
| List several feature of the freshwater mussel that enable it to thrive as a sedentary, aquatice organism |
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Definition
| They burrow under sand and use their siphons out and filter water into their bodies &extract oxygen and nutrients |
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Term
| Excretory organ of bivalves? Where? |
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Definition
| Excurrent siphons posterior to adductor (foot retractor muscles) |
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Term
| Why do you suppose the adductor muscles are so well-developed in bivalves? |
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Definition
| They allow the clam to close and open with tremendous force |
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Term
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Definition
ANTERIOR FOOT RETRACTOR MUSCLE
*ANTERIOR ADDUCTOR MUSCLE
*LABIAL PALP
*FOOT
*MANTLE
*GILL
*INCURRENT SIPHON
*EXCURRENT SIPHON
*POSTERIOR ADDUCTOR
*KIDNEY
HEART
OSTIUM |
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Term
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Definition
*anterior adductor muscle
*mouth
*labial palps |
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Term
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Definition
*STOMACH
*DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
*INTESTINE (coils)
*FOOT
*MANTLE
*GILL
*KIDNEY
HEART
OSTIUM
*INTESTINE (rectum)
*GONAD |
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Term
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Definition
*POSTERIOR ADDUCTOR MUSCLE
*GILL
*INCURRENT SIPHON
*EXCURRENT SIPHON
*ANUS |
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Term
| Class cephalopoda characteristics |
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Definition
-Marine predators
-Foot separated into tentacles and arms
-well-developed eyes |
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Term
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Definition
IDENTIFY:
blue (sytematic heart)
white (branchial hearts)
black (ink sac)
orange (gills)
green (retractor muscle)
red (rectum)
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Term
Know where the
FIN
MANTLE
COLLAR
EYE
ARM
TENTACLE
SUCKER CUPS |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are sensory structures more prevalent on cephalopods than bivalves? |
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Definition
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Term
| the 4 major characteristics of molluscs |
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Definition
- a protective shell (reduced in some)
- a mantle
- visceral mass that houses the major internal organs
- foot, locomotion
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Term
| Phylum Annelida characteristics |
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Definition
- Segmented worms (sandworms, earthworms, leeches)
- True coelom
- Closed circulatory system
- Comlete digestive tract
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Term
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Definition
1. dorsal ventral
2. longitudinal muscles
3. coelom
4. lumen of intestine
5. ventral nerve cord
6. ventral blood vessel
7. parapodia |
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Term
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Definition
Some polychaetes build temporary burrows or perm. tubes of mud secretions, where they lead stationary lives filtering plankton and others suspended food particles from the water susing feathery feeding tentacles (suspension feeding).
Some eat organic material, which settles of the surface of the muddy substrate (detritus feeding) |
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Term
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Definition
Identify:
*Crop
*Pumping vessels (hearts)
Seminal receptacles
lPharynx
Brain
*Seminal vesicles |
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Term
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Definition
Identify:
*Septa
*Dorsal blood vessel
*Gizzard
*Crop
*Nephridium
*Intestine
*Septa |
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Term
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Definition
Identify:
*Dorsal blood vessel
*Septa
Ventral blood vessel
*Ventral nerve cord
*Nephridia |
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Term
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Definition
Identify (from left bottom):
Ventral blood vessel
*Ventral nerve cord
Setae
*Intestine
*Longitudinal muscle
*Circular muscle
*Epidermis
*Dorsal blood vessel
*Typhlosole
Nephridium
Intestinal cavity
*Coelom |
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Term
| Can both M and F reproductive structures be present in one earthworm? |
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Definition
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Term
| Order of food passing through the earthworm |
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Definition
| Mouth-->pharynx-->esophagus-->crop-->gizzard-->intestine-->anus |
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Term
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Definition
Hirudinea:
anus or mouth?
Also review p.233 |
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Term
| What anatomical similarities do you see among leeches, earthworms, and sandworms? |
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Definition
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Term
| Do leeches possess setae? how do they move? |
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Definition
| They do not possess setae or parapodia, they do swimming or "looping" like an inch worm |
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Term
| Subphlylum trilobita characteristics |
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Definition
Three body regions:
head
thorax
abdomen
Extinct and only know from fossils |
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Term
Subphylum Chelicerata:
2 classes? |
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Definition
Merostomata (horseshoe crabs)
Arachnida (spiders, scorpions, mites) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Identify: (from top left)
Cephalothorax
Abdomen
Telson
Uropod
Walking legs
Compound eye
Antennule
Cheliped
Antenna |
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Term
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Definition
Identify (form heart):
heart
cardiac stomach
digestive glands
gills
intestine
abdominal flexor muscles |
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Term
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Definition
Identify malacostra (from gills)
gills
pyloric stomach
green gland
cardiac stomach
digestive gland
ostia
heart |
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Term
| Do centipedes have unfused segments or diplosegments? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Identify (from left):
ovipositor
ovary (with eggs)
trachea
crop |
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Term
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Definition
Identify: (from left)
ovipositor
trachea
stomach
crop
gastric ceca
ovary (with eggs) |
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Term
Q. 1-6 on p. 263 and 1-5 on p. 267
3,5 &6 on p. 281 |
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Definition
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Term
| Do tapeworms have mouths? What are the functions of their hooks and suckers? |
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Definition
| No. The scolex (head) is modified for attachment to the host and usually possess an array of hooks and suckers that embed the anterior end of the tapeworm deep inside the intestinal wall of the host. Scukers are for only attachment, not feeding |
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Term
| Where and how does a tapeworm get its food? |
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Definition
| The nutrients is absorbed through the epidermis. They have adaptations that allow them to be successful endoparasites (w/in body of host) |
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Term
| what Phylum has a narrow cylindrical body? |
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Definition
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Term
| What class has no mouth or digestive tract? |
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Definition
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Term
| What class has attachment organs present? |
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Definition
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Term
| What phylum's body is flattened dorsoventrally? |
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Definition
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Term
| What class has no attachment organ present? |
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Definition
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Term
| Difference between foot of bivalve and cephalopod? |
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Definition
Foot of bivalave used for burrowing & locomotion
Foot of cephalopod (mod. into tenticles) for capturing prey |
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Term
| what PROBLEMSSS are faced by terrestrial gastropods |
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Definition
| They face the challenge of conserving water and to avoid drying out |
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Term
| 3 major distinguishing features of annelids |
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Definition
-closed circulatory system
-complete digestive tract
-true coelem |
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Term
| What do namatodes and annelids have in common, what don't they? |
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Definition
They both have: complete digestive tract, hydrostatic skeleton
Annelids ONLY have: hermaphrodite, coelomate
Nematodes ONLY have: Bilaterally symmetric, dioecious |
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