Term
infection of bone or bone marrow
- more common in children
-S&S- hx of trauma to knee, limp, secondary to bone pain, fever, chills, diaphoresis, swelling and heat to soft tissue. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common site for acute osteomyelitis |
|
Definition
| metaphyseal end of a long bone near knee joint |
|
|
Term
| pathogen in acute osteomyelitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| antibiotics for acute osteomyelitis |
|
Definition
| oxacillin or cefazolin or clindamycin |
|
|
Term
| when will you notice changes in xray findings for a patient with acute osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
| within 7-12 days of infection, but can take up to 2-4 wks in adults |
|
|
Term
| what test can determine early diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in this test___ you will see subtle changes in bone and bone marrow, and in this test____ you will see soft tissue changes in acute osteomyelitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how will acute osteomyelitis usually present in adults? |
|
Definition
| insidious onset. the first symptom is LIMITATION OF JOINT MOVEMENT |
|
|
Term
| what are some medical conditions that are associated with acute osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
| HIV, Immunosuppressive therapy, alcoholism |
|
|
Term
| what are some pathogens that are assoc. with acute osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
TB- fractures spine (Pott's disease)
fungal, rickettsial |
|
|
Term
| what will you see on labs for acute osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
| CBC will show increased WBC. need to do 2 blood cultures. |
|
|
Term
| what are some complications of acute osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
| abscess, septic arthritis, or chronic osteomyelitis |
|
|
Term
| what is the tx for acute osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
| consult to ortho, aspiration pus, bone evaluation (for reabsorption), and IV antibiotics for 5 days, then oral abx for 4-6 weeks |
|
|
Term
| Grade ___ in acute osteomyelitis will have no open lesion, foot is AT RISK for developing ulcer, underlying bone deformity puts skin at risk of break down. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the tx for grade 0? (acute osteomyelits- diabetic foot ulcer) |
|
Definition
| proper foot wear, surgical correction of bone |
|
|
Term
| grade ____ in diabetic foot ulcers occurs when you have a SUPERFICIAL ULCER, lesion affects SKIN ONLY. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the tx for a grade 1 ulcer? |
|
Definition
| outpatient dressing changes, PT wound care |
|
|
Term
| grade ___ ulcer presents as a DEEP ULCER, deep lesions that involve underlying tendons, bones, or ligaments. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the tx for a grade 2 ulcer? |
|
Definition
| surgical debridement, hospitalization aggressive wound care, IV abx |
|
|
Term
| grade __ presents as an abscess osteitis, abscess/ osteomyelitis (can present as a complication) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the tx for a grade 3 ulcer? |
|
Definition
| emergency surgery for drainage of acute infection. wound left open with dressing changes. closure or amputation later. |
|
|
Term
| grade ___ ulcer presents as GANGRENE forefoot, gangrene present in toes and forefoot. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the tx for a grade 4 ulcer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| grade ___ ulcer presents as gangrene on ENTIRE FOOT. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this condition is most commonly caused by open fracture or wound of lower extremity. S & S= S/P open fx, fever, pain, soft tissue swelling/inflammation, cellulitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what will xray findings reveal for a patient who has chronic osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
| irregular sclerotic bone destruction w/ several areas of radiolucency. also involucrum- dead bone surrounded by new shell of bone |
|
|
Term
| what are some complications that can occur with a patient with chronic osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
| recurrent episode of inflammation and drainage. if after an implant, may need to remove implant |
|
|
Term
| how do you diagnose chronic osteomyelitis? (labs) |
|
Definition
| blood culture, wound cultures, needle aspiration, biopsy, gram stain, C & S, CBC-will show LEUKOCYTOSIS, ESR- ELEVATED |
|
|
Term
| What are some DDX for chronic osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
| acute suppurative arthritis, rheumatic fever, cellulitis, tumor |
|
|
Term
| what is the tx for chronic osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
| consult to ortho,clean and debris open fractures, I& D, radical debridement, abx 4-6 weeks covering pathogen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carditis, polyarthritis, chorea, erythema marginatum, subcutaneous nodules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| arthralgia, fever, prolonged PR interval, elevated ESR, C-reactive protein |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| + group A streptococcal culture or antibody titer, plus 2 major or 1 major 2 minor |
|
|
Term
| this condition occurs most often in young, momoarticular, large peripheral joint (knee or hip). S & S= pain in joint (most common early sx), warm, swollen diffusely tender joint, limp 2nd to wt bearing in painful joint, passive ROM tenderness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 pathogens that occur in septic arthritis? |
|
Definition
S. aureus (adults)
H. influenzae ( children)
Gram negative rods- IV drug user |
|
|
Term
| what will xray/labs look like on a patient with septic arthritis? |
|
Definition
xray- distention of joint capsule
CBC= markedly ELEVATED WBC
blood cultures
joint aspiration- confirmatory test; fluid is cloudy, purulent, decreased glucose levels, increased WBC count, gram stain, C & S |
|
|
Term
| what is the tx for septic arthritis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in this condition, N. gonorrhorea is the pathogen, this is most common polyarthralgias/ polyarthritis, usually in YOUNG, sexually active patients. |
|
Definition
| septic arthritis- GONOCOCCAL INFECTION |
|
|
Term
| What are some S & S of septic arthritis? (gonococcal infection) |
|
Definition
| - polyarthritis, tenosynovitis, dermatitis |
|
|
Term
| what will labs reveal in septic arthritis- gonococcal infection? Tx? |
|
Definition
blood cultures- usually NEGATIVE, BUT JOINT ASPIRATION IS POSITIVE.
- tx= abx and nsaids |
|
|
Term
| the most common benign tumor. common sites include metaphysis distal femur or proximal tibia. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the most common tumor of the hand |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| soft tissue lesion that is found in the extremities, adjacent to joint or tendon sheath. most common soft tissue mass of the hand, and it is most common to the dorsum of the hand. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the tx for a ganglion cyst? |
|
Definition
| 40-50% resolve spontaneously. aspirate with 18 ga needle and compression 48-72 hours/ inject steroid compound/ excision. |
|
|
Term
| what test is most useful in detecting malignant lesions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this condition is most common in 10-20 y/o. most lesions originate in metaphysis, 50-60% around the knee. S & S include pain, swelling, +/- conjunction with Paget's disease. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| bone disorder with repeated episodes of bone destruction AND excessive bone repair. S & S- >40y/o, pain is 1st sx, painful bowing of long bones, pathologic fractures, skull enlargement, common sites are hip, pelvic, spine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this condition is most common between 10-15yo. S & S= painful soft tissue mass, midshaft of long bone, weight loss, fever, lethargy. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| restriction of motion in a joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gait which the weight is quickly removed from the affected extremity due to pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| surgery to restore motion in a joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| extravasation of blood into a joint cavity, usually by a ligament injury or fraction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the broad vascular part of the bone near a joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anterior surface of the hand |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inflammation involving the spinal column |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dissolution or loosening of a vertebra |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| disease, degenerative or a vertebrae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| injury to joint ligament or capsule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| injury to muscle or tendon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hollow, abnormally high arch |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| curvature of the spine w/ posterior convexity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| curvature of the spine w/ anterior convexity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| flat, abnormally low arch |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| loose jointedness "DOUBLE JOINTED" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| abnormally lateral curvature of the spine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| distal part angulates away from the midline of the body |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the distal part angulates towards the midline of the body |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| small fx near a joint that usually has a ligament or tendon attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fx not assoc with an open wound to the skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fx whose ends are separated |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fx of the growth plate, usually long bone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| incomplete fx usually in children |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fx ends are driven into each other |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fx that involves the joint surface of a bone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clinical condition that suggests a fx, shows on xrays 2-3 weeks after injury |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fx where there is an open wound of the skin to the fx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rotational or angular position |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| amount of end-to-end contact of the fx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fx healing slower than normal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| disruption in the continuity of a joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| healing in an unsatisfactory position |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which test reveals excellent bone visualization? better soft tissue? subtle bone changes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when do you want to repeat plain films in a patient with a fracture? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fx through epiphyseal plate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| epiphyseal plate fx with metaphyseal fragment |
|
|
Term
| type III salter harris fx |
|
Definition
| fx through epiphysis into articular surface (epiphyseal plate) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fx through distal metaphysis, epiphyseal plate and epiphysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| crush or impaction of epiphyseal plate |
|
|
Term
| what are some common sites of missed fx? |
|
Definition
| scaphoid, talar neck, radial head, tibial plateau |
|
|
Term
| always check this distally to fracture... |
|
Definition
| look for vascular compromise, such as cap refill <2 sec and pulses 2+ |
|
|
Term
| these 2 nerve injuries type is associated with closed fx, dislocation or blunt trauma |
|
Definition
| contusion (neuropraxic) and crush (axonotmesis) |
|
|
Term
| this nerve injury is assoc with open fracture |
|
Definition
| transection (neurotmesis) |
|
|
Term
| These fractures MUST go to orthopedic surgeon... |
|
Definition
| all open fx, displaced intraarticular fx, all femur fx, fx of both bones in lower leg |
|
|
Term
| this device allows alignment and maintain reduction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this distal fx if PUSHED back into place |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this fx if reduced by simple traction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this fx needs a more complex manipulation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the three reasons for a cast |
|
Definition
1. immobilize the ends of a fx
2. allows ambulation
3. holds position of reduction |
|
|
Term
| this type of cast is easier to apply, the warmer the water the faster it sets |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this type of cast is lighter weight and "waterproof"- (be careful telling pts they can swim- inside is not waterproof) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long is rehab usually? |
|
Definition
| 4-6 weeks to regain strength. no sports for 2 months. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 90 degrees, always extend under metatarsal heads for support, toes exposed, wait 48 hours to cure before weight bearing (plaster); 1 hr for fiberglass (lightcast), roll should remain in contact with limb, roll continuous, 50% overlap each turn, knees casts at 30 degrees |
|
|
Term
| medial forearm and 5th digit is... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sensation for this dermatome is the lateral forearm and 1st digit |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this special test is performed by having one hand under chin and the other hand on the back of the head (occipital area), if pain goes away it is a positive sign |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if you were to push straight down on patient's head and pt had pain, positive sign for a bone spur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tilt head down on affected side, will increase pain if positive test |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| check pulse first and pull affected arm back and have pt turn head towards affected side- positive sign if pulse disappears= thoracic outlet |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| skeletal "wry neck", cock-robin deformity, sandifer's syndrome. tilting the head to one side with limited ROM. pt can rotate head AWAY from midline, but NOT TOWARDS. pt will have neck pain, vertigo or dizziness. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the tx for torticollis? |
|
Definition
| PT- stretching exercies, soft or hard collar, surgery (fuse C1-C2, release SCM), NSAIDS, NO contact or vigorous sports. |
|
|
Term
| S&S include pain at trigger points, insidiuous onset, pain increases:in am, with weather changes, anxiety, stress or decreased sleep, will pain decreases in PT, vacations. chronic HA, depression, decreased social interaction. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the tx for fibromyalgia syndrome? |
|
Definition
| hot packs, NSAIDS, stress management, PT, increased social interactions, regular sleep, rheumatology and psych consult |
|
|
Term
| what are some risk factors for herniated disc? |
|
Definition
| cigarette smoking, frequent heavy lifting, diving |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| neck pain, shoulder pain, UE- weakness, pain or paresthesias |
|
|
Term
| what will labs look like for fibromyalgia patients? |
|
Definition
| normal. ESR, TSH, CBC, lytes, renal and LFT= normal |
|
|
Term
| what will PE look like for a pt with a herniated disc? |
|
Definition
| + Spurling's test, possible babinski reflex, decreased sensation, decreased reflexes |
|
|
Term
| if you suspect a herniated disc, what imaging tests will you do? |
|
Definition
| 1. plan films: AP, lateral, oblique, flexion, extension views. if xrays are negative, MRI will show disc bulging |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| S&S of cervical sprain/ strain |
|
Definition
| neck pain, HA, dysphagia, hoarseness, edema, tinnitus, blurred vision, dizziness |
|
|
Term
| tx for cervical sprain/ strain |
|
Definition
| short period rest, soft collar, NSAID, muscle relaxants, ice x 48 hours, then heat, ROM exercises, PT consult |
|
|
Term
| hangman's fracture, neural arch |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| S & S of cervical osteoarthritis |
|
Definition
| neck discomfort w/ motion, stiffness, loss of function |
|
|
Term
| what will you see on PE for a patient who presents with cervical osteoarthritis? |
|
Definition
| decreased ROM, joint effusion, deformity |
|
|
Term
| tx for cervical osteoarthritis |
|
Definition
| NSAIDS (SE= ulcers, GI bleed, renal failure, decreased platelets), PT: ROM exercises, ortho or neurosurgeon consult |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pain: neck or UE, decreased ROM |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for cervical stenosis |
|
Definition
| PT- ROM exercises, ortho or neurosurgeon consult |
|
|
Term
| what is examples of atraumatic cervical spine dislocation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PE on cervical spine dislocation... |
|
Definition
| spinous process "step off" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pain, swelling, bruising, crepitus, age 20-50yo. hx of MVA, motorcycles, falls from heights, pedestrian accidents |
|
|
Term
| what xray view will you order for a humeral fracture? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ortho- consult, ice, closed reduction, sugar tong splint, sling, NSAIDS, most are managed non-operatively |
|
|
Term
| AKA "little league or golfer's elbow" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| S&S of medial epicondylitis |
|
Definition
| medial elbow pain, dominant arm, +/- swelling, hx of repetitive use |
|
|
Term
| what imaging studies will you order for medial epicondylitis? |
|
Definition
| MRI- evaluate muscles, ligaments and tendons. plain films: AP and lateral |
|
|
Term
| what type of patients do you take caution with in the tx of medial epicondylitis? |
|
Definition
| with NSAIDS you want to use caution in asthmatics and G6PD deficiency |
|
|
Term
| tx for medial epicondylitis... |
|
Definition
for severe pain--> splint 1-2 weeks
rest: 4-6 weeks
NSAIDS- DRUG OF CHOICE
rarely- steroid injections
PT after 6 weeks of rest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| S&S of lateral epicondylitis.. |
|
Definition
| common in carpenters, butchers, politicians, people who use the computer mouse, pts will have aching, burning pain in lateral elbow, pain increased with activity, decreased with rest |
|
|
Term
| tx for lateral epiconsylitis... |
|
Definition
counterforce brace (tennis elbow brace)
rest, ice, NSAIDS,PT, occasional steroid injections (ortho) |
|
|
Term
| S&S of olecranon bursitis... |
|
Definition
| fluxuant subcutaneous over olecranon, +/- erythema, FROM (full ROM). |
|
|
Term
| tx for olecranon bursitis... |
|
Definition
| aspirate fluid and antibiotics if infected |
|
|
Term
| most common organism for olecranon bursitis... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| AKA: pulled elbow, annular ligament entrapment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| child age 1-5, "pulling away" activity, pain in elbow, child WON'T USE ARM |
|
|
Term
| TX for nursemaid's elbow... |
|
Definition
| usually returns from x-ray using arm. closed reduction: supination hand and flex it to the shoulder (feel a slight "pop"- radial head relocates under annular ligament). child starts using the arm again |
|
|
Term
| TX for nursemaid's elbow... |
|
Definition
| usually returns from x-ray using arm. closed reduction: supination hand and flex it to the shoulder (feel a slight "pop"- radial head relocates under annular ligament). child starts using the arm again |
|
|
Term
| TX for nursemaid's elbow... |
|
Definition
| usually returns from x-ray using arm. closed reduction: supination hand and flex it to the shoulder (feel a slight "pop"- radial head relocates under annular ligament). child starts using the arm again |
|
|
Term
| S&S of elbow fractures... |
|
Definition
| fall on an outstretched hand, pain |
|
|
Term
| tx for elbow fractures... |
|
Definition
| undisplaced: sling or sling w/ posterior splint 7-10days, ice, NSAIDS, PT-early ROM, orthosurgery- all with neuro/vascular compromise |
|
|
Term
| where will you see the fat pad sign/sail sign in adults? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where will you see the fat pad sign/sail sign in children? |
|
Definition
| supracondylar fx of humerus |
|
|
Term
| S&S of monteggia fracture |
|
Definition
| fx to proximal 1/3 of ulna and dislocation of radial head, pain, deformity, trauma |
|
|
Term
| tx for monteggia fracture... |
|
Definition
| ortho. for children a closed reduction and for adults an open reduction with internal fixation |
|
|
Term
| S&S of Galeazzi fracture... |
|
Definition
| trauma, pain, deformity, "reverse of monteggia fx", distal 1/3 of radius is fx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| AKA "Silver fork" deformity- most common wrist injury |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| S&S of colle's fracture... |
|
Definition
| fall on an outstretched hand, deformity of wrist, pain, distal radius fx w/ dorsal displacement and shortening |
|
|
Term
| tx for Colle's fracture... |
|
Definition
| if closed reduction shortly after tx- local anesthesia. cast x 6 weeks, ice, follow up in 1-2 weeks repeat xray- occassionally loss of reduction |
|
|
Term
| this fracture is dorsal displacement of the hand |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this fracture is ventral displacement of the hand... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| S&S of De Quervain's tenosynovitis |
|
Definition
| common in repetitive use (racquetball, fly fishing, golf, horseback riding, mail sorting), pain/tenderness to the posterior lateral aspect of the wrist, increase pain w/ activity, swelling, +/- crepitus, + Finkelstein's test (hurts when you move thumb medially) |
|
|
Term
| tx for De Quervain's tenosynovitis |
|
Definition
| thumb spica splint (immobilize thumb), rest, NSAIDS, ice, possible steroid injection, possible surgery |
|
|
Term
| what are some risk factors with carpal tunnel syndrome? |
|
Definition
| repetitive hand work, working on keyboards, thyroid disorder, pregnancy, trauma, alcoholism, DM, gout |
|
|
Term
| what are some S&S of carpal tunnel syndrome? |
|
Definition
| paresthesia in median nerve distribution, weakness in the hand, awaken from sleep with pain, + Tinel's sign, + Phalen's sign (hold for 1 minute) |
|
|
Term
| what imaging studies do you order with carpal tunnel syndrome? |
|
Definition
| plain film: wrist and cervical vertebrae- AP and lateral, EMG studies |
|
|
Term
| what is the tx for carpal tunnel syndrome? |
|
Definition
| OT consult, cock-up wrist splint (worn at work and sleep) x 3-4 months, NSAIDS, ortho- steroid injection, ortho- surgical release |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| this is a test used for carpal tunnel syndrome where you percuss over the median nerve and it elicites a "pins and needles" feeling= positive sign. usually the thumb, index and middle fingers have sensation. |
|
|
Term
| this is how you perform the phalen's test used for carpal tunnel syndrome... |
|
Definition
| You rest your elbows on a flat surface such as a desk, with your elbows bent and your forearms up. You then flex your wrists, letting your hands hang down for about 60 seconds. If you feel tingling, numbness, or pain in the fingers within 60 seconds, you may have carpal tunnel syndrome |
|
|
Term
| what are some S&S of a scaphoid fracture? |
|
Definition
| trauma, pain, "SNUFFBOX" tenderness |
|
|
Term
| what imaging studies do you do for scaphoid fracture? |
|
Definition
| plain film: PA, lateral, oblique, and scaphoid view |
|
|
Term
| tx for scaphoid fracture... |
|
Definition
| ortho- you want to make sure pt goes to prevent avascular necrosis of snuffbox |
|
|
Term
| AKA: skier's thumb, MCP dislocation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| S&S of game keeper's thumb... |
|
Definition
| trauma to thumb, pain, decreased ROM, +/- neurovascular compromise |
|
|
Term
| imaging studies for game keeper's thumb... |
|
Definition
| plain film: AP, lateral and oblique |
|
|
Term
| tx for game keeper's thumb... |
|
Definition
| ortho- closed reduction vs surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| M>F, age 10-39yo/ hx of fist fight, pain, swelling |
|
|
Term
| imaging for boxer's fracture... |
|
Definition
| plain film: AP, lateral, oblique and coned-down |
|
|
Term
| tx for boxer's fracture... |
|
Definition
| ortho. closed vs open reduction. ulnar gutter cast |
|
|
Term
| S&S of boutonniere deformity... |
|
Definition
| trauma, pain, proximal interphalangeal joint- flexion, distal interphalangeal joint- extends |
|
|
Term
| imaging for boutonniere deformity |
|
Definition
| plain film: AP, lateral, and oblique |
|
|
Term
| tx for boutonniere deformity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this deformity from trauma is commonly called "swan neck deformity" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| S&S of finger fractures... |
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Definition
| pain, hx of trauma, point tenderness |
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|
Term
| S&S of finger fractures... |
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Definition
| pain, hx of trauma, point tenderness |
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|
Term
| tx for finger fractures... |
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Definition
| undisplaced- use buddy tape, NSAIDS, ice, OT consult |
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Term
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Definition
| painful locking or snapping s/ extension, nodule distal to palmer crease that moves |
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|
Term
| do you order imaging studies on dupuytrens contracture and trigger finger? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what is the tx for trigger finger? |
|
Definition
| ortho consult, steroid injection into tendon sheath, avoid tendon-rupture. surgical release |
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Term
| S&S of dupuytren's contracture. |
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Definition
| M > F, 1 or more painful nodules in palm 4th and 5th digit, often bilaterally, web space contracture, + Hueston's table top test (cannot flatten hand on table) |
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Term
| tx for dupuytren's contracture... |
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Definition
|
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Term
| S&S of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome |
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Definition
| genetic disorder with connective tissue laxity, skin laxity, joint hypermobility, joint instability, scoliosis |
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|
Term
| what are the imaging studies and tx for ehlers-danlos syndrome? |
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Definition
| CXR- heart and aorta, spine- scoliosis, TX = PT for muscle training and cardiology (they can have heart problems due to connective tissue disorder) |
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|
Term
| what is a FELON and how do you treat it? |
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Definition
| it is an infection of distal phalanx- pus, and digital block with I&D |
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|
Term
| What is a PARONYCHIA and how do you treat it? |
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Definition
| it is an infection on the edge of a nail (hangnail) and you do a digital block with I&D |
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|
Term
| what are some S&S with bites? |
|
Definition
| most common- dog, cat, human. puncture/laceration present, swelling and erythema, cellulitis and lymphadenopathy. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| irrigate copious normal saline, do not suture bites (because it can cause infection), augmentin 7-10 days |
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|
Term
| what are some S&S for reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD)? |
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Definition
| persistent burning pain after an injury, pain is out of proportion to injury |
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|
Term
| describe the acute phase for reflex sympathetic dystrophy(RSD) |
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Definition
| 6-12 weeks, pain is localized to area of injury, spreads throughout extremity, hypersensitivity to light touch, extremity is swollen, warm and excessive perspiration |
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Term
| RSD (reflex sympathetic dystrophy) in the dystrophic and atrophic phase... |
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Definition
| joint becomes restricted, becomes cool, skin and muscle atrophy |
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Term
| imaging studies for RSD (reflex sympathetic dystrophy). TX? |
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Definition
| plain film: AP & lateral, +/- osteoporosis, bone scan +. TX is prevention . difficult to treat |
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