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| A rectangular structure that included an apse at one or both ends; originally a Roman building used for public purposes, later taken over by the Christians for worship. The floor plan became the basis of nearly all early Christian churches. |
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| The central part of a church, extending from the narthex to the chancel and flanked by aisles. |
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| A passageway for walking found in many religious structures, such as outdoors in a cloister or indoors around the apse or the choir of a church. |
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| The upper part of the nave, transepts, and choir of a church, it rises above the adjacent rooftops and has windows admitting daylight to the interior. |
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| In architecture, a vertical masonry structure that may support a vault, an arch, or a roof; in Gothic churches, piers were often clustered together to form massive supports. |
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| An external masonry support, found primarily in Gothic churches, that carries the thrust of the ceiling, or vault, away from the upper walls of the building to an external vertical column |
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| A style of architecture, usually associated with churches built in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, that was inspired by Roman architectural features, such as the basilica, and was thus Roman-like. Romanesque buildings were massive, with round arches and barrel or groined vault ceilings, and had less exterior decoration than Gothic churches. |
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| a journey to a sacred place |
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| pray and work; Benedictine motto |
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| A person, as in a monastic community, who is responsible for maintaining the supply of food and drink. |
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| friars (Franciscan, Dominican) |
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| Members of a thirteenth-century mendicant (begging) monastic order. |
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| a manuscript in which the text is supplemented by the addition of decoration, such as decorated initials, borders and miniature illustrations; decorated with bright, luminous colors, especially gold and silver, including miniatures, borders, initials |
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| an enlarged letter at the beginning of a paragraph or other section of text, which contains a picture |
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| system that describes economic and political relations between landlords and their peasant laborers during the Middle Ages; originating in the 4th century |
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| the knights’ rules of behavior and code |
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| a guild (association) of workers in the same trade |
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| music, astronomy, geometry, and arithmetic; makes up the liberal arts; it’s a higher division of the curriculum in a medieval university |
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| 1337-1453- between England and France; social unrest increased and renegade feudal armies ravaged much of western Europe; the church was in disgrace and disarray for much of this period and was unable to provide moral or political leadership |
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| defeated Viking invaders, then there was encouragement of learning |
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| was chancellor to Henry II and later became archbishop of Canterbury; was murdered, was the patriot of William |
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| narrates Dante’s fictional travels though 3 realms of the Christian afterlife; he is lead by Vergil, the ancient Roman poet; he descends into hell where he hears from the damned nature of their various crimes against God and the moral law; it was written as an allegory; read allegorically the poem represents a comprehensive synthesis of opposing tendencies that characterized medieval culture |
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| a way to organize and keep order to monasteries |
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| Geoffrey Chaucer, General Prologue to The Canterbury Tales |
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| the journey has a religious purpose but Chaucer makes it plain that the travelers intend to have a good time along the way, there are 31 pilgrims (including Chaucer himself), they all agree to tell tales and a prize will be awarded for the best story told |
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