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| smallest chemical unit of matter. |
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| positively charged particle |
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| negatively charged particle |
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| a substance that cannot be separated into substances different from itself by ordinary chemical means. |
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| a chemical combination of two or more atoms that form a specific chemical compound. |
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| tasteless, clear, odorless liquid that makes up 65% of a male's body and 55% of a female's body weight. |
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| basic building blocks for the various structures that together make up the human being. |
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| outer covering of/protects the cell; provides for communication via receptor proteins; surface proteins serve as positive identification tags; allows some substances to pass into and out of the cell while denying passage to other substances; this selectivity allows cells to receive nutrition and dispose of waste. |
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| substance within the cell membrane; composed of cytoplasm and karyoplasm. |
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| enclosed by its own membrane it is the substance of the cell's nucleus and contains the genetic matter necessary for cell reproduction as well as control over activity within the cell's cytoplasm. |
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| all protoplasm outside the nucleus. Provides storage and work areas for the cell. |
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Organelles
Endoplasmic reticulum, riboosomes, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, lysosomes and centrioles |
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| The work and storage elements of the cell |
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| a grouping of similar cells that together perform specialized functions. |
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| epithelial, connective, muscle and nerve. |
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| appears as sheet-like arrangements of cells, sometimes several layers thick, that form the outer layer of skin, cover the surfaces of organs, line the walls of cavities and form tubes, ducts and portions of certain glands. |
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| Epithelial tissue functions |
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| Protection, absorption, secretion and excretion |
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| Most widespread and abundant of body tissues; forms the supporting network for the organs of the body, sheaths the muscles, and connects muscles to bones and bones to joints. |
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| dense form of connective tissue. |
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| voluntary/striated, cardiac, involuntary/smooth |
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| consists of nerve cells (neurons) and interstitial tissue. Has the properties of excitability and conductivity, and functions to control and coordinate the activities of the body. |
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| Tissues serving a common purpose or function |
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| a group of organs functioning together for a common purpose. |
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| Make enzymes and other proteins; nicknamed "protein factories" |
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| Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) |
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| Carries proteins and other substances through the cytoplasm |
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| Chemically processes the molecules from the endoplasmic reticulum, then packages them into vesicles; nicknamed :chemical processing and packaging center" |
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| Complex, energy-releasing chemical reactions occur continuously; nicknamed "power plants" |
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| Contain enzymes that can digest food compounds; nicknamed "digestive bags: |
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| Play an important role in cell reproduction |
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| Hair-like processes that project from epithelial cells; help propel mucus, dust particles, and other foreign substances from the respiratory tract. |
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| "Tail" of the sperm that makes it possible for the sperm to "swim" or move toward the ovum |
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| Controls every organelle (little organ) in the cytoplasm; contains the genetic matter necessary for cell reproduction as well as control over activity within the cell's cytoplasm. |
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| Standard anatomical position |
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| body erect, head facing forward and arms by sides with palms to the front. |
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| Above, in an upward direction |
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| Nearest the point of attachment |
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| Away from the point of attachment |
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| The same as anterior; the front side |
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| The same as posterior; the back side |
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Vertically divides the body as it passes through the midline to forma right and left half
[image] |
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| Transverse/horizontal plane |
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any plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions.
[image] |
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Any plane that divides the body at right angles to the mid-sagittal plane.
[image] |
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| A hollow space containing body organs; classified into two groups according to their location-ventral/anterior cavities on the front and dorsal/posterior cavities on the back. |
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the hollow portion of the human torso extending from the neck to the pelvis and containin gthe heart and the organs of respiration, digestion, reproduction and elimination.
Subdivided into 3 distinct areas: thoracic, abdominal and pelvic. |
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the area of the chest containing the heart and lungs. the space containing the heart is called the pericardial cavity adn the spaces around each lung are known as the pleural cavity.
Other organs located in the throacic cavity are: esophagus, trachea, thymus and certain large blood and lymph vessels. |
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| the space below the diaphragm, commonly referred to as the belly. Contains the kidneys, stomach, intestines and other organs of digestion. |
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| is the space formed by the bones of the pelvic area adn contains the organs of reproduction and elimination. |
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| Contains the structures of the nervous system and is subdivided into the cranial cavity and the spinal cavity. |
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| space in the skull containing the brain |
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| space within the bony spinal column that contains the spinal cord and spinal fluid. |
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| The combination of the abdominal and pelvic cavities and is divided into nine regions. |
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| upper right region at the level of the ninth rib cartilage |
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| upper left region at the level of the 9th cartilage. |
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| right middle lateral region |
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| left middle lateral region |
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in the center, between the right and left lumbar region;
at the navel |
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| right lower lateral region |
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| left lower lateral region |
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| lower middle region below the navel. |
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is divided into four corresponding regions that are used for descriptive and diagnostic purposes.
Right upper (RUQ)
Left upper (LUQ)
Right lower (RLQ)
Left lower (LLQ)
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| fatty tissue throughout the body |
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| literally means to cut up; the study of the structure of an organism such as humans |
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| the pointed end of a cone-shaped structure |
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| the lower part or foundation of a structure |
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| the midpoint of a body or activity |
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| microscopic bodies tat carry the genes that determine hereditary characteristics |
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| hair-like processes that project from epithelial cells; they help propel mucus, dust particles and other foreign substances from the respiratory tract |
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| far down from the surface |
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| to remove water away from the body |
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| a process in which parts of a substance move from areas of high concentration to areas of lower concentration |
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| farthest from the center or point of origin |
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| pertaining to the back side of the body |
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| pertaining to formation outside the organism or body |
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| a slender physical body form |
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| a round physical body form |
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| the process of filtering or straining particles from a solution. |
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| the hereditary unit that transmits and determines one's characteristics or hereditary traits |
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| the state of equilibrium maintained in the body's internal environment |
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| pertaining to the horizon, of or near the horizon, lying flat, even, level |
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| the complete set of genes and chromosomes tucked inside each of the body's trillions of cells |
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| located below or in a downward direction |
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| pertaining to the groin, of or near the groin |
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| pertaining to within or the inside |
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| formation of a cell's nucleus |
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| pertaining to the middle or midline |
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| a well-proportioned body form |
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| the process of pouring through |
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| the physical appearance or type of makeup of an individual |
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| the study of the nature of living organisms |
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| the essential matter of a living cell |
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| nearest the center or point of origin; nearest the point of attachment |
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| pertaining to stimulation of body growth |
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| pertaining to the surface, on or near the surface |
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| located above or in an upward direction |
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| pertaining to the body as a whole |
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| pertaining to a place, definite locale |
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| pertaining to the front side of the body, abdomen, belly surface |
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| the top or highest point; the top or crown of the head |
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| pertaining to body organs enclosed within a cavity, especially abdominal organs. |
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