Term
superiorly: hard/soft palate
inferiorly: tongue and floor of mouth
anterior/lateral: teeth(dental arcade)
posterior: oropharynx/nasopharynx |
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Definition
| what are the boundaries of the oral cavity? |
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Term
ingestion, fragmentation, moistening of food
also
sppeech, facial expression, sensory perception, respiration |
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Definition
| what are the functions of the oral cavity? |
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Term
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Definition
| area enclosed between lips and teeth |
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Term
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Definition
| includes cutting, chewing, and grinding of food by oclussal surfaces of teeth |
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Term
lips, tongue, and salivary glands
helps make a bolus |
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Definition
| mastication is assisted by what? what does this make? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| transitional zone between external haired skin and internal oral mucosa |
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Term
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Definition
| are the lips keratinized? |
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Term
| highly vascularized dermis and thin overlying keratinized epidermis |
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Definition
| what causes the color of lips? |
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Term
| no, need moistening via chapstick |
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Definition
| do lips have sweat glands and sebaceous glands? |
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Term
lips are highly innervated (big humunculus in the sensory part of the brain)
we recognize the highly innervated areas such as the face (perhaps racoons ID each other by their hands?) |
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Definition
| why are lips so sensitive and what does this have to do with recognition? |
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Term
1) lining mucosae
2) masticatory mucosae
3) specialized mucosae |
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Definition
| what are the 3 types of oral mucosa? |
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Term
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Definition
| NON-KERATINIZED mucosa found on inner cheeks, floor of the mouth inferior surface of tongue & soft palate |
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Term
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Definition
| keratinized or parakeratinized(cells of stratum cornea do not lose nuclei) mucosa found in areas of high abrasion |
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Term
| gingiva, gums, hard palate |
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Definition
| where is masticatory mucosa found? |
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Term
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Definition
| keratinized mucosa restricted to the dorsal surface of the tongue |
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Term
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Definition
| what kind of muscle is found in the tongue? |
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Term
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Definition
| organ specialized for manipulation of food, speech, and sensation of taste |
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Term
5, 7, 9, 10, 12
vitamin k: 2, 7, 9, 10 |
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Definition
which cranial nerve innervate the tongue?
random bonus q: what are the vitamin K dependent clotting factors? |
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Term
| 7, 9(post. to sulcus), 10(+ motor) |
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Definition
| which cranial nerves do taste? |
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Term
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Definition
| what nerve provides general sensation to the tongue anterior to the sulcus terminalis |
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Term
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Definition
| what nerve provides general sensation to the tongue posterior to the sulcus terminalis |
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Term
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Definition
| what nerves provide motor innervation to the tongue? |
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Term
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Definition
| thin band of connective tissue anchoring the tongue to the floor of the mouth, keeps tongue from covering the airway supposedly |
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Term
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Definition
| what is the ANTERIOR 2/3 of the tongue derived from embryologically? |
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Term
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Definition
| what is the POSTERIOR 1/3 of the tongue derived from embryologically? |
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Term
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Definition
| what separates the parts of the tongue that come from separate embryological sources? |
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Term
| stratified squamous epithelium, the anterior 2/3 is keratinized (the ectoderm portion) |
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Definition
| what "thelia" covers the tongue and what is special about the anterior 2/3? |
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Term
| filiform, fungiform, foliate, circumvallate |
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Definition
| list the 4 types of lingual papilla |
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Term
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Definition
| most numerous papilla on the tongue |
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Term
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Definition
papillae that is keratinized, and formed of short bristles(spikes) distributed in parallel rows
LACKS TASTE BUDS!! |
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Term
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Definition
| papillae scattered amongst filiform papillae that have taste buds on their dorsal surface |
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Term
| foliate papillae (NOT flower shaped) |
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Definition
transverse furrows/ridges on the caudal-lateral portion of the tongue
-rudimentary in humans
-contain taste buds in children that degenerate with age |
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Term
| the taste buds of the folliate papillae degenerate with age |
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Definition
| why does a person's taste change in puberty? |
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Term
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Definition
| row or 8-12 LARGE dome-shaped papillae located immediately anterior to the sulcus terminalis |
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Term
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Definition
| this lingual papillae has a large number of tastebuds on its lateral surface around its base, and is associated with salivary glands (von Ebner's glands) |
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Term
| von Ebner's glands (salivary glands) |
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Definition
| accessory salivary glands scattered throughout tongue musculature (within the lamina propria and between muscular layers) |
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Term
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Definition
| on the posterior, caudal, 1/3 of the tongue there is a mass of lymphoid tissue underlying the mucosa, what is it? |
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Term
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Definition
| ring of tonsils around the nasopharynx that functions to protect the respiratory and digestive tract |
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Term
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Definition
| extension of the posterior free margin of the soft palate that has a skeletal muscle core |
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Term
| lining mucosa with antibodies and numbers of submucosal (palatine) glands |
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Definition
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Term
| prevents food from entering the nasal cavity during swallowing |
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Definition
| what is the supposed function of the uvula? |
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Term
| distributed throughout the submucosa of the oral cavity |
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Definition
| where are salivary glands found? |
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Term
| parotid, submandibular, sublingual |
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Definition
| what are the 3 main pairs of salivary glands? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| on cheeks, serous secretions |
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Definition
| where is the parotid gland found? what kind of product does it secrete? |
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Term
| below the tongue, mostly mucus secretions |
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Definition
| where is the sublingual gland found? what kind of product does it secrete? |
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Term
| Stenson's duct, located in the vestibule opposite upper 2nd molar |
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Definition
| where is the parotid duct, and what is another name for it? |
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Term
| located inferior and medial to ramus of mandible, mixed secretions |
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Definition
| where is the submandibular gland found? what kind of product does it secrete? |
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Term
| lingual, labial, buccal, molar, & palatine glands |
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Definition
| name the numerous accessory glands scattered throughout the oral mucosa |
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Term
| Wharton's duct, ,opens at sublingual caruncle (a bump under the tongue) |
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Definition
| where does the submandibular duct open? what is another name for it? |
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Term
| compound (branched) tubuloacinar glands |
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Definition
| describe the shape of salivary glands |
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Term
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Definition
| what is the name of a secretory unit of a salivary gland? |
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Term
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Definition
| what surrounds acini of salivary glands to help cause contraction and aid the secretion of saliva into the ducts? |
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Term
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Definition
| what are the 3 types of acini? |
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Term
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Definition
| serous acini of mixed glands are often in the form of _____ |
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Term
| simple cuboidal epithelium |
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Definition
| what are intercalated ducts line with? |
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Term
| simple cuboidal to columnar epithelium |
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Definition
| what are striated ducts lined with? |
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Term
| they have basal striations due to folding of the plasma membrane |
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Definition
| why are striated ducts striated? |
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Term
resorb sodium
secrete potassium into saliva
secrete lysozyme IgA |
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Definition
| what is the function of striated ducts? |
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Term
| stratified cuboidal or pseudostratified columnar epithelium |
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Definition
| what are excretory ducts lined with? |
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Term
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Definition
| what inhibits aqueous secretion and promotes thick, viscous saliva rich in protein? |
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Term
| parasympathetic stimulation |
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Definition
| what leads to copious watery saliva? |
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Term
| water, glycoproteins(mucus), & proteins |
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Definition
| what are the 3 (general) things saliva contains? |
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Term
amylase-converts starch to sugar
lysozyme-antibacterial |
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Definition
| what enzymes does saliva contain, and what do they do? |
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Term
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Definition
| what antibodies are in saliva? |
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Term
| Ca, P, Cl, K+ HCO3-, low in sodium |
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Definition
| what ions are found in saliva |
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Term
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Definition
| what is the average saliva production in humans per day? |
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Term
1)moistening (or oral mucosa and dry food)
2) provides carrier medium for sense of taste
3) buffering (high bicarb content)
4) digestion of carbs via amylase
5) immunologic fxn (secte IgA)
6) control of bacterial flora |
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Definition
| list the (6) functions of saliva |
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Term
| acquired pellicle (saliva proteins?) |
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Definition
| what substance covers teeth with antibodies to prevent tooth decay? |
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Term
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Definition
| what are the gross divisions of a tooth? |
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Term
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Definition
| portion of the tooth embedded in bone |
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Term
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Definition
| the tooth root is embedded in a part of the jaw called the ____ |
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Term
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Definition
| another name for tooth socket |
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Term
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Definition
| portion of tooth that projects into oral cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| hard, translucent, protective, HIGHLY mineralized, substance covering teeth |
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Term
| 96-98% hydroxyapetite (hardest substance in body), <1% organic |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| what is the embryonic origin of enamel? |
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Term
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Definition
| apical secretory end of an ameloblast that forms a single large process |
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Term
| highly calcified enamel rods or prisms |
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Definition
| this results because enamel mineralization is non-uniform |
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Term
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Definition
| this less mineralized material separates enamel rods |
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Term
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Definition
| enamel rods extend from ameloblasts at enamel surface to ____ ____ ___ |
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Term
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Definition
| the bulk of a tooth is composed of less mineralized ____ |
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Term
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Definition
| embryological origin of dentine |
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Term
| secreted from odontoblasts as non-mineralized pre-dentine |
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Definition
| where does dentine come from, and what is it called when it is first secreted? |
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Term
dentine is similar to bone, but more mineralized (70% hydroxyapetite crystals)
dentine also contains type 1 collagen and GAG's |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| dentine is arranged into dentine tubules that radiate from the ___ ___ |
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Term
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Definition
| contain long, rod-like cytoplasmic processes of odontoblasts |
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Term
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Definition
| central cavity of the tooth containing support structures such as sensory nerves and blood vessels |
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Term
| myelinated nerves, this makes it very sensitive |
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Definition
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Term
| mesoderm, resembles primitive mesenchyme |
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Definition
| what is the embryological origin of dental pulp? what does it resemble? |
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Term
1)stellate fibroblasts
2)reticular fibers
3)collagen
4)ground substance |
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Definition
| what are the contents of dental pulp (cells/fibers)? |
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Term
| HIGHLY vascular: supplied by capillaries from arterioles running with peridontal ligament |
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Definition
| describe the blood supply to dental pulp |
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Term
| 6th week of fetal development |
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Definition
| when does human tooth development begin? |
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Term
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Definition
| when does tooth eruption occur? |
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Term
20,
2 incisors
1 canine
2 premolar/quadrant
(on each side top and bottom (4 x 5) |
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Definition
| how many deciduous(primary) teeth do humans have? list them |
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Term
permanent dentition replaces deciduous teeth
2 incisors
1 canine
2 premolar/quadrant |
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Definition
| what replaces deciduous teeth between age 6-12? list the teeth that develop |
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Term
| tetracycline becomes incorporated into the enamel |
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Definition
| what causes teeth to yellow if given to a patient during the development of their permanent dentition? what part of the tooth is the yellow discoloration incorporated into? |
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Term
| no precursors, they just pop out at age 6, 12, and 18-21 years of age |
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Definition
| do the 3 distal molars have precursors? when do they erupt? |
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Term
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Definition
| what is the total number of teeth humans are capable of possessing? |
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Term
I 2/2, C 1/1, P 2/2, M 3/3
(upper jaw/lower jaw) |
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Definition
| what is the human dental formula? |
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Term
incisors/canines: 1 root each
premolars: usually 2 roots
molars: usually 2-4 roots |
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Definition
how many roots does each of the following have?
incisors? canines? premolars? molars? |
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Term
I- cutting/biting
C- puncturing/holding
P- shearing/grinding
M- grinding |
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Definition
| what is the function(motion) of incisors? canines? premolars? molars? |
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Term
super-hypsodont
incisors are hypsodont |
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Definition
dentition characterized by high-crowned teeth and enamel which extends past the gum line (open rooted and continuously growing)
which human teeth are this type of dentition? |
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Term
bunodont
premolars and molars |
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Definition
dentition characterized by low crowned teeth
which teeth does this refer to in humans (omnivores)? |
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Term
lateral & anterior-posterior motion
important for chewing and grinding |
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Definition
| what are the directions of motion for the temporomandibular joint? why is this important? |
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Term
cusps
includes:
protocone, metacone, paracone |
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Definition
| what are the raised points on the occlusal surfaces of molars and premolars? what does this include? |
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Term
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Definition
| what is the flattened posterior surface of lower molars known as? |
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Term
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Definition
| what are the cusps and talonoid like? |
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Term
| orthodontia, this works because of pressure on the tooth and the action of osteoclasts/blasts in the alveolus that causes resorbtion/deposition of bone |
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Definition
| how is abnormal tooth eruption &/or misalignment corrected (how does it work?) |
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Term
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Definition
| results when weak acids in food and drink erode calcified enamel-this is augmented by bacterial action |
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Term
| they can extend into the dentine or pulp cavity producing abcesses or death of the tooth which leads to necessity of a root canal |
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Definition
| how far can dental caries extend? what is the cause for a root canal? |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by accumulation of calcified food and bacterial debris in gingival sulcus leading to a widening of gingival sulcus, possible inflammation, and destruction of peridontal ligament |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of periodontal ligament |
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Term
| chewable vitamin c tablets |
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Definition
| what will cause your teeth to fall out if you are Morrow, and don't listen to your dentist? |
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