Term
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Definition
| The watery fluid in the anterior chamber |
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Term
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Definition
| The front chamber of the eye between the cornea & the lens |
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Term
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Definition
| The suspensory ligament attaches the ____ to the _____ |
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Term
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Definition
| The watery fluid in the anterior chamber |
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Term
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Definition
| The front chamber of the eye between the cornea & the lens |
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Term
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Definition
| The suspensory ligament attaches the ____ to the _____ |
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Term
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Definition
| The space between the iris and the lens |
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Term
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Definition
| The largest space, between the lens and eht retina |
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Term
| tear layer, cornea, aqueous humor, crystalline lens and vitreous humor |
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Definition
| Light passes through the transparent structures |
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Term
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Definition
| 0.5 mm thick with 90% composed of stroma |
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Term
| Epithelium, Bowman's Membrane, Stroma, Desemet's Memrane & Endothelium |
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Definition
| 5 layers that make up the cornea |
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Term
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Definition
| highly regenerative part of the cornea |
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Term
| 120 mil rods, 6 mil cones |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Greatest density of cones are in the |
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Term
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Definition
| Radiating from the Fovea, cones decreas and rods |
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Term
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Definition
| Day vision, Detail, Color |
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Term
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Definition
| Night vision, Peripheral vision & black & white |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| X-like structure where the optics nerves cross |
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Term
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Definition
| The optic nerve fibres end at the |
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Term
| Visual cortex of the occipitl lobe |
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Definition
| where the conscious recognition of visual impulses takes place. |
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Term
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Definition
| Outer protective coat of the eye. Consists of the cornea and |
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Term
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Definition
| uveal tract. Consists of three parts: the iris ciliary body and the choroid |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| structures of the eye may be grouped together to form __ or coverings |
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Term
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Definition
| eye adjusts for viewing objects at various distances. |
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Term
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Definition
| the ciliary muscle relaxes & allows the crystalline lens to thicken / change shape |
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Term
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Definition
| eyes converge & pupils constrict |
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Term
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Definition
| Subtract from dist. PD < 62 mm |
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Term
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Definition
| Subtract from dist. PD 62 - 66 mm |
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Term
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Definition
| Subtract from dist. PD > 66 mm |
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Term
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Definition
| extra-ocular muscles are inserted into the __ and enable each eye to rotate |
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Term
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Definition
| Temporal rectus, nasal rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus, superior and inferior oblique |
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Term
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Definition
| double vision resulting from imbalances in the muscle strength |
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Term
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Definition
| included in RX to alleviate diplopia |
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Term
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Definition
| a constant tendency for the eyes to turn from the normal position for binocular vision |
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Term
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Definition
| a definite and obvious turning of the eyes from the normal position for binocular vision |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency of the right eye to turn outward |
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Term
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Definition
| definite turning inward of the left eye |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency of the right eye to turn upward |
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Term
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Definition
| definite turning downward of the left eye |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| light comes to focus directly on the retina when accommodation is relaxed |
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Term
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Definition
| Light comes to focus in front of the retina (nearsighted) |
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Term
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Definition
| Light comes to focus ibehind he retina (farsighted) |
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Term
| Simple Myopic Astigmatism |
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Definition
| One point comes to focus on the retina and one point comes to focus in front of the retina |
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Term
| Simple Hyperopic Astigmatism |
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Definition
| One point comes to focus on the retina and one point comes to focus behind the retina |
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Term
| Compound Myopic Astigmatism |
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Definition
| Both points of light come to focus in front of the retina |
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Term
| Compound Hyperopic Astigmatism |
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Definition
| Both points of light come to focus behind the retina |
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Term
|
Definition
| One point of light comes to focus in front of the retina, while the other comes to focus behind the retina |
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Term
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Definition
| The extra-ocular muscles are inserted into the sclera and serve to rotate the eye in all possible directions. There are _______of these muscles. |
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Term
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Definition
| The fibrous tunic is comprised of the: |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The aqueous fluid is continually being manufactured by |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability of the eye to bring objects of varying distances to focus on the retina is known as: |
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Term
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Definition
| When accommodation is at rest, rays of light from a distant source come to focus in front of the retina. This condition is known as: |
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Term
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Definition
| When accommodation is at rest, rays of light from a distant source come to focus behind the retina. This condition is known as |
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Term
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Definition
| Impulses are carried from the retina to the brain along the: |
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Term
| he pupils constrict, The eyes converge, the crystalline lens accommodtes |
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Definition
| While reading, or performing other near vision tasks: |
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Term
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Definition
| The area of the retina capable of perceiving the greatest amount of detail is: |
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Term
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Definition
| The average cornea has a refractive power of approximately: |
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Term
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Definition
| That layer of the cornea which is highly regenerative is: |
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Term
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Definition
| Night vision is chiefly a function of the: |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency of the visual axis to deviate inward while the eyes are in a position of rest is known as: |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| The term used to indicate "double vision" is |
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Term
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Definition
| The condition in which the ability to accommodate for near vision becomes inadequate because of loss of elasticity of the crystalline lens is called |
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Term
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Definition
| When there is a loss of vision without any apparent disease of the eye it is known as: |
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Term
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Definition
| A refractive error in which the rays of light do not come to a single point of focus is called: |
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Term
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Definition
| The condition in which the crystalline lens of the eye gradually loses its transparancy with consequent loss of visual acuity is known as |
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Term
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Definition
| An ocular disease having as its primary characteristic a sustained increase in intraocular pressure. |
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Term
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Definition
| The space between the back of the iris and the front of the lens which is filled with aqueous is the |
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Term
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Definition
| A tendency of one eye to deviate upward is: |
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Term
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Definition
| The photosensitive receptors of the retina which are responsible for sharp visual acuity and color perception are the: |
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Term
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Definition
| The layer of the cornea which comprises ninety percent of its thickness is: |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition in which the refractive error of one eye significantly differs from that of the other and where both eyes have the same sign (i.e. both eyes are myopic or hyperopic) is known as: |
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Term
| compound hyperopic astigmatism |
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Definition
| The refractive error which results in two points of focus falling behind the retina is: |
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Term
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Definition
| The refractive condition caused by a damaged cornea so that rays of light come to many focal points on the retina is known as |
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Term
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Definition
| The transparent, colorless mass of soft, gelatinous material which fills the eyeball behind the lens is the |
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Term
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Definition
| The index of refraction of the crystalline lens is |
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Term
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Definition
| The cornea has an index of refraction of |
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Term
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Definition
| That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to which the photosensitive receptors of the retina respond. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Waves of the visual spectrum are measured in billionths of a meter. |
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Term
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Definition
| Newton, photons (particles) travel from source |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The distance from the crest of one wave to the crest of another. |
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Term
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Definition
| he number of times the crest or trough of a wave passes a point in space in a given unit of time |
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Term
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Definition
| the more the light is slowed down and the more it is deviated from its original course. |
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Term
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Definition
| The density of the material |
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Term
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Definition
| divide the speed of light in air by the speed of light in that material |
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Term
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Definition
| n = speed of light in air / speed of light in material |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 10 dm 100 cm 1000 mm 1 billion nanometers |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| The distance from the crest of one wave to the crest of another |
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Term
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Definition
| The number of times the crest or trough of a wave passes a point in space in a given unit of time. |
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Term
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Definition
| The standard index of refraction used in the optical industry |
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Term
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Definition
| This may be expressed mathematically as: 1 cm/1m |
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Term
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Definition
| where D = power of the lens in diopters and f = focal length in meters. |
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Term
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Definition
| The stronger the power, the ____ the focal length |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| D= -10.00 f=1/D f=1/-10.00 |
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Term
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Definition
| f=+0.22m D=1/f D=1/0.222 m |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The power of the prism is equal to the power of the lens in diopters times the amount of decentration in mm divided by 10. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Fxdec/10 = power of lens in dioptyers x dist in mm from oc / 10 |
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Term
|
Definition
| When the optical centers of a pair of plus lenses are positioned narrower than the PD, it produces prism base___ |
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Term
|
Definition
| When the optical centers of a pair of minus lenses are positioned narrower than the PD, it produces prism base |
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Term
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Definition
| When a patient looks through a plus lens above the optical center, it produces prism base_ |
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Term
|
Definition
| When a patient looks through a minus lens below the optical center, produces prism base_ |
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Term
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Definition
| How much prism is induced 5 mm away from the optical center of a +2.00 diopter lens? |
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Term
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Definition
| How much prism is induced 10 mm away from the optical center of –0.25 diopter lens? |
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Term
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Definition
| How much prism is induced 2 mm away from the optical center of a +16.00 diopter lens? |
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Term
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Definition
| he optical centers are positioned 61 mm apart. The work order indicates the patient’s PD measures 64 mm and the prescription calls for -3.00 spheres in each eye. How much total prism is induced and in which direction is the base? |
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Term
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Definition
| A patient’s prescription calls for OD: +4.75 OS: +2.50. The optical centers of the finished spectacles are found to be positioned 4 mm too wide. How much total prism is induced and in which direction is the base? |
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Term
|
Definition
| The index of refraction is lowest in: |
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Term
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Definition
| One meter is equal to______ inches. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Two meters equal ______centimeters. |
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Term
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Definition
| The speed of light in air is approximately: |
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Term
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Definition
| The range of wavelengths which are perceived as visible light can vary with the individual, it is generally understood to lie between |
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Term
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Definition
| The distance between the crests of two waves is called the: |
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Term
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Definition
| the formula to calculate the magnitude of the prism |
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Term
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Definition
| the distance from the geometric center of the circle to its periphery where the line is drawn |
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Term
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Definition
| As the radius of curvature becomes longer the circle gets |
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Term
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Definition
| As the circle gets larger, its curve gets |
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Term
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Definition
| as the curve gets flatter on a lens, the power in diopters of that surface becomes |
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Term
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Definition
| Focusing of the eye on a near object through relaxation of the ciliary muscle and thickening of the lens. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The loss of vision without any apparent disease of the eye. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A refractive error in which the eye, when in a state of rest, does not focus the image of an object upon the retina |
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Term
|
Definition
| A condition in which the ocular image of an object as seen by one eye differs so much in size or shape from that seen by the other eye that the two images cannot be fused into a single impression. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A condition in which the refractive error of one eye significantly differs from that of the other |
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Term
|
Definition
| The refractive condition whereby the signs in each eye are opposite |
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Term
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Definition
| An absence of the crystalline lens of the eye. |
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Term
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Definition
| The clear watery fluid that fills the anterior and posterior chambers within the front part of the eye. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A refractive error that prevents the light rays from coming to a single focus on the retina because of different degrees of refraction in the various meridians of the eye. |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition in which the crystalline lens of the eye, or its |
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Term
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Definition
| The vascular intermediate coat that furnishes nourishment to other parts of the eyeball. |
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Term
|
Definition
| That portion of the vascular coat between the iris and the choroid. It consists of ciliary processes and the ciliary muscle. |
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Term
| Compound hyperopic astigmatism |
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Definition
| The refractive error which results in two points of focus falling behind the retina. |
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Term
| Compound myopic astigmatism |
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Definition
| The refractive error which results in two points of focus falling in front of the retina. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The clear transparent portion of the outer coat of the eyeball forming the covering of the aqueous chamber. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A transparent colorless body suspended in the front part of the eyeball, between the aqueous and the vitreous, the function of which is to bring the rays of light to a focus on the retina. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The seeing of one object as two. |
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Term
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Definition
| The refractive condition of the normal eye. When the eye is at rest, the image of distant objects is brought to a focus on the retina. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A small depression in the retina at the back of the eye |
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Term
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Definition
| The power of coordination by which the images received by the two eyes become a single image. |
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Term
|
Definition
| An ocular disease having as its primary characteristic a sustained increase in intraocular pressure that the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A refractive error in which, because the eyeball is short or the refractive power of the lens is weak, the point of focus for rays of light from distant objects falls behind the retina |
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Term
|
Definition
| The colored circular membrane suspended behind the cornea and immediately in front of the lens. The iris regulates the amount of light entering the eye by changing the size of the pupil. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A refractive condition caused by a cornea which is damaged and irregular so that rays of light come to many focal points on the retina |
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Term
|
Definition
| Spectacle lenses specially designed to manipulate image size when dissimilar sizes makes it difficult or impossible for fusion to occur |
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Term
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Definition
| The small area of the retina that surrounds the fovea and that with the fovea, comprises the area of the retina that gives distinct vision. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The refractive condition in which light comes to two points of focus where one point is in front of the retina, and the other is behind the retina. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A refractive error in which the eyeball is too long in relation to its focusing power |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| The special nerve of the sense of sight that carries impulses from the retina to the brain. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A root word denoting a latent deviation in which the eyes have a constant tendency to turn from the normal position for binocular vision |
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Term
|
Definition
| A gradual lessening of the power of accommodation due to a physiologic change that becomes noticeable about the age of 40 years. |
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Term
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Definition
| A small spring wire attached nasally to a spectacle frame to lift a drooping lid. |
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Term
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Definition
| The central opening of the iris through which light is permitted to enter the eye. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A refractive condition in which rays of light come to two focal points and is correctable by cylinders. |
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Term
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Definition
| Innermost coat of the eye, formed of sensitive nerve elements and connected with the optic nerve. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Two different kinds of cells that form a layer of the retina and act as light-receiving media. Cones are concerned with visual acuity and color discrimination |
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Term
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Definition
| The white part of the eye |
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Term
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Definition
| A blind area of reduced vision in the visual field. |
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Term
| Simple hyperopic astigmatism |
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Definition
| The refractive condition where one point of focus falls on the retina and the other point of focus falls behind the retina. |
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|
Term
| Simple myopic astigmatism |
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Definition
| The refractive condition where one point of focus falls on the retina and the other point of focus falls in front of the retina. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Failure of the two eyes to simultaneously direct their gaze at the same object because of muscle imbalance. Also known as squint. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The suspensory apparatus of the lens. Numerous fine tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| A root word denoting an obvious deviation from normal of the axis of the eyes |
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Term
|
Definition
| The transparent, colorless mass of soft, gelatinous material filling the eyeball behind the lens. |
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