Term
| What are three functions of the pentose shunt pathway? |
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Definition
1. generation of nucleic acids to be used in the production of fatty acids (for membrane synthesis and other functions requiring fatty acids)
2. produciton of fatty acids
3. cell detoxification |
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Term
How does high phosphate effect glycogen synthase? |
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Definition
| inhibits it from adding glucose to glycogen |
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Term
| What does high glucose do to glycogen phosphorylase? |
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Definition
activates it to release glucose from the glycogen chain |
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Term
| Where does the pentose shunt pathway occur in the eye? |
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Definition
| the epithelial cells of the cornea |
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Term
Where does gluconeogenesis occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| What organs are the principal beneficiaries of adequate glucose in the blood? |
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Definition
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Term
| What effect describes the direction of excessive amounts of pyruvate to become metabolized to lactate when there is relatively high oxygen partial pressure and a demand for cellular energy? |
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Definition
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Term
Does anaerobic or aerobic glycolysis use more oxygen? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why would the ATP yield of the ciliary body be comparable to that of the corneal epithelium? |
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Definition
| The ciliary body cells generate intraocular pressure and prepare the aqueous as an ultrafiltrate of blood just as the cells of the kidney prepare urine as an ultrafiltrate of blood. |
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Term
| What are the toxic intermediates that result from excessive fatty acid breakdown? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do you call the disease resulting from accumulation of either galactose or galactose 1-phosphate in the tissues. |
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Definition
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Term
| What enzyme must be lost for cataract to form in galactosemia? |
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Definition
| Galactokinase, galactosemia due to epimerase malfunction does not result in cataracts |
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