Term
| Which way should the letters on the lens face during 90/78? |
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Definition
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Term
| How should the slit lamp be set up? What angle displacement, what type of beam, light intensity, filter? |
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Definition
| 0 degrees displacement, parallelpiped beam, low to medium intensity, 10X mag, yellow filter |
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Term
What are some advantages of 90/78/60? |
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Definition
1. larger field of view than direct
2. view is independent of refractive error
3. stereoscopic
4. view is independent of media opacities |
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Term
| What new lens offers the widest pan equatorial field of view? |
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Definition
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Term
| What lens offers the highest resolution, the highest mag, and is most often used for the central retina? |
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Definition
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Term
| What lens would be used for a small pupil? |
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Definition
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Term
| How far away from the cornea should the 90/78/60 lens be? |
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Definition
| 5 mm and in the light path |
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Term
| When you pull the slit lamp back during 90/78/60 what comes into focus first? second? third? |
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Definition
1. Noncontact lens fundus
2. blurry red reflex
3. retinal image |
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Term
| What type of filter would you use if the patient had a nerve fiber layer defect or a retinal lesion? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of filter would you use if the patient is photophobic? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the number 1 cause for malpractice? |
|
Definition
| misdiagnosis of extraocular retinal detachment and OAG tumours |
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Term
| What do the majority of malpractice claims against ODs involve? |
|
Definition
| failure to use diagnositc drops |
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Term
| What does punctal occlusion or passive lid closure do to systemic absorption? |
|
Definition
| decreases systemic absorption |
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Term
| What effect does punctal occulsion or passive lid closure have on the duration of medication on the ocular surface? |
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Definition
| It increases the duration on the ocular surface |
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Term
| What effect does iris color have on absorption of medication? |
|
Definition
| Darker irises absorb more of the medication |
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Term
Besides pain, what are two other reasons to use proparacaine hydrochloride? |
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Definition
1. reduce washout of the subsequent drug by tearing
2. to open the intracellular space and aid in drug penetration |
|
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Term
| What are two problems with prolonged use of proparacaine? |
|
Definition
1) corneal opacification
2) may delay wound healing |
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|
Term
| When would you use fluress (fluoroscein dye plus proparacaine) clinically? |
|
Definition
1) tonometry
2) foreign body removal
3) to help visualize the foreign body |
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|
Term
| Where does fluroscein pool? |
|
Definition
Fluroscein pools in the epithelial defect |
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Term
| What are three clinical indications for fluroscein dye? |
|
Definition
1. epithelial breaks
2. TBUT
3. anything that requires dye but no need for anaesthesia |
|
|
Term
How do you recognize a dry spot when using fluoroscein dye? |
|
Definition
| 1) the darker areas on the cornea is where the tear film breaks up |
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Term
| What pharmacological agent has the side effect of staining the conjunctiva and eyelids? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
What pharmacological stain interacts with the impaired mucin layer on the epithelial surface? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What pharmacological agent stains the dead and devitalized corneal and conjunctival cells? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What staining agent is most often used in dry eye treatment? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| If a patient has herpes simplex keratitis, what staining agent would you use to evaluate damaged or dead corneal cells? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| How long will a patients eye be stained after using rose bengal? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the main advantage of lissamine green over rose bengal? |
|
Definition
| Lissamine green causes less patient discomfort |
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Term
| In evaluating a patient for narrow angle closure, what value on the von Herrick test would indicate a risk of angle closure? |
|
Definition
| Grade II von Herrick angle or less |
|
|
Term
| What would indicate a risk of angle closure in gonioscopy? |
|
Definition
| Half or less of the trabecula visible in all four quadrants |
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|
Term
| How much does the patient IOP need to increase after dilation before you begin to monitor him until dilation stops? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is paralysis of the ciliary muscle and loss of accomodation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is dilation of the pupil? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is tropicamides mode of action? |
|
Definition
| Anticholinergic, blocks the muscarinic receptors in the eye muscles |
|
|
Term
| How long does dilation with cyclopentolate last? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long does dilation with homatropine last? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long does dilation with scopolamine last? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long does dilation with atropine last? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What are colored halos around lights a potential sign of? |
|
Definition
You closed the patients angle |
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