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| Wireless networking standard that operates in the 2.4GHz band w/a theoretical output of 54 Mbps and backward compatible with 802.11b |
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| Wireless networking standard that operates in the 2.4GHz band w/a theoretical output of 11 Mbps |
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| Wireless networking standard that operates in the 2.4GHz and 5.6GHz band and uses MIMO for a theoretical output of 100+ Mbps |
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| Wireless networking standard that operates in the 5GHz band w/a theoretical output of 54 Mbps |
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| Security concept using physical security, users and groups,authentication and security policies |
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| On a hard drive, primary partition that contains an operating system |
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| On a hard drive, primary partition that contains an operating system |
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| On a hard drive, primary partition that contains an operating system |
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| Applet that allows users to add or remove a program from the system |
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| Administrator tool to give local admins access to hard drives and system root folders |
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| Group of Control Panel applets, including Computer Management, Event Viewer, and Reliability and Performance Monitor |
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| User account, created when the OS is first installed, that is allowed complete, unfettered access to the system without restriction |
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| List of members with complete administrator privileges |
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| Advanced Startup Options menu |
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| Menu that can be reached during the boot process that offers advanced OS startup options, such as boot in Safe Mode or boot into Last Know Good Configuration |
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| type of malicious program that downloads ads to a user's computer, generating undesirable network traffic |
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| The Windows Vista desktop environment. Aero adds some interesting aesthetic effects such as window transparency and Flip 3D |
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| Software designed to combat viruses by either seeking out and destroying them or passively guarding against them |
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| API(Application Programming Interface) |
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| Software definition that describes operating system calls for application software; conventions defining how a service is invoked |
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| APIPA(Automatic Private IP Addressing) |
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| Feature of windows that automatically assigns and IP address to the system when the client cannot obtain an IP address automatically |
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| APM(advanced power management) |
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| BIOS routines that enable the CPU to turn selected peripherals on and off |
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| generic term for a program in the Windows Control Panel |
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| ASR(automated system recovery) |
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| Windows XP tool designed to recover a badly corrupted Windows system; similar to ERD |
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| command used to view the specific properties of a file; can also be used to modify or remove file properties, such as read-only, system or archive. |
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| values in a file that determine the hidden, read-only, system and archive status of the file |
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| any method a computer uses to determine who can access it |
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| process through which new disks are automatically recognized by the BIOS |
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| feature allowing updates to Windows to be retrieved automatically over the Internet |
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| Windows2000/XP/Vista/7 setting, along with autorun.inf, enabling Windows to automatically detect media files and begin using them |
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| Utility contained within Windows that allows users to create system backups and set system restore points |
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| hard drive partitioned in the "classic" way with a master boot record (MBR) and partition table |
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| one analog cycle on a telephone line |
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| BIOS(basic input output system) |
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| Classically, software routines burned onto the system ROM of a PC. More commonly seen as any software that directly controls a particular piece of hardware. A set of programs encoded in read-only (ROM) on computers. These programs handle startup operations and low level control of hardware such as disk drives, the keyboard and the monitor |
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| BitLocker Drive Encryption |
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| Drive encryption software offered in Windows Vista/7 Ultimate and Enterprise Editions. BitLocker requires a special chip to validate hardware status and to ensure that the computer hasn't been hacked |
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| to initiate and automatic routine that clears the memory,loads the operating system, and prepares the computer for use. |
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| Boot done when the computer is physically switched on |
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| loads a fresh OS without turning of the computer, lessening the strain on the electronic circuitry - initiate by pressing CTRL-ALT-DELETE twice in rapid succession |
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| first sector on a PC hard drive or floppy drive, track 0. boot-up software in ROM tells the computer to load whatever program is found there. |
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| text file used during the boot process that provides a list of all OSs currently installed and available for NTLDR. Tells where each OS is located on the system. Windows XP and earlier |
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| disk that contains a functional operating system; can also be a floppy disk, USB thumb drive, or optical disk |
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| segment of code in a system's BIOS that scans for an OS, looks specifically for a valid boot sector, and , when one is found, hands control over to the boot sector; then the bootstrap loader removes itself from memory |
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| how fast data is moved from one place to another |
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| program specifically designed to retrieve, interpret, and display Web pages |
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| BSoD (blue screen of death) |
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| infamous error screen that appears when Windows encounters an unrecoverable error |
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| cabinet files. These files are compressed and most commonly used during OS installation to store many smaller files, such as device drivers |
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| special area of RAM that stores the data most frequently accessed from the hard drive. Cache memory can optimize the use of your systems |
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| Category 5e wire. TIA/EIA standard for UTP wiring that can operate up to 1 gigabit per second |
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| change directory . Allows you to change the focus of the command prompt from one directory to another |
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| license that demonstrates competency in some specialized skill |
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| CHAP(Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol) |
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Definition
| common remote access protocol; serving system challenges the remote client, usually by means of asking for a password |
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| hard drive error detection and to a certain extent, correction utility in Windows. Originally a DOS command, also the executable for the graphical Error-checking tool |
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| OS installed on a fresh drive |
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| computer program that uses the services of another computer program. Software that extracts information from a server; also, a machine that accesses shared resources on a server |
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| relationship in which client software obtains services from a server on behalf of a person |
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| network that had dedicated server machines and client machines |
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| basic unit of storage on a floppy or hard disk. multiple sectors are contained ina cluster |
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| CMOS(complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) |
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| originally, the type of nonvolatile RAM that held info about the most basic parts of your PC, such as hard drives, floppies and amount of DRAM. |
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| program enabling you to access and update CMOS data |
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| user interface for an OS devoid of all graphical trappings |
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| feature of Windows 2000 and beyond to allow software written for previous versions of Windows to operate in newer OSs |
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| CompTIA Network+ certification |
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Definition
| vendor neutral, industry-wide certification for network technicians covering network hardware, installation and trouble shooting |
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| Industry-wide, vendor-neutral computer certification program that demonstrates competency as a computer technician |
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| Applet in Windows' Administrative Tools that contains several useful snap-ins, such as Device Manager and Disk Management |
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| collection of Windows applets, or small programs, that can be used to configure various pieces of hardware and software in a system |
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| type of backup similar to Normal or Full,in that all selected files on a system are backed up. This type of backup does not change the archive bit of the files being backed up |
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| command in the command-line interface for making a copy of a file and pasting it in another location |
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| CPU(central processing unit) |
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| "brain" of the computer. microprocessor that handles primary calculation for the computer. CPUs are known by names such as Core i5 and Phenom |
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| single track on all the platters in a hard drive |
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| backup of all files that have been changed on that day without changing the archive bits of those files |
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| In a TCP/IP network, the nearest router to a particular host. This router's IP address is part of the necessary TCP/IP configuration for communicating with multiple networks using IP |
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| list of virus signatures that an anti-virus program can recognize |
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| procedure in which all the files on a hard disk are rewritten in disk so that all parts of each file reside in contiguous clusters. The result is and improvement in disk speed during retrieval operations |
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| command in the command line interface used to delete/erase files |
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| user's primary interface to the Windows operating system |
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| program used by the OS to control communications between the computer and peripherals |
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| utility that enables techs to examine and configure all the hardware and drivers in a Windows PC |
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| DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) |
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| protocol that enables a DHCP server to set TCP/IP settings automatically for a DHCP client |
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| similar to an incremental backup, backs up the files that have been changed since the last backup. This type of backup does not change the state of the archive bit. |
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| form in which a public key is sent from a Web server to a Web browser so that the browser can decrypt the data sent by the server |
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| all drivers designed specifically for Windows are digitally signed, meaning they are tested to work stably with these OSs |
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| command used in the command-line interface to display the entire contents of the current working directory |
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| another name for a folder |
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| utility built into Windows that can help users clean up their disks by removing temporary Internet files, deleting unused program files, and more |
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| taking a PC and making duplicates of the hard drive,including all data, software and configuration files and transferring it to another PC |
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| type of disk mirroring using two separate controllers rather than one; faster than traditional mirroring |
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| snap-in available with the Microsoft Management Console that enables techs to configure the various disks installed in a system; available in the Computer Management Administrative Tool |
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| process by which data is written simultaneously to two or more disk drives. Read and write speed is decreased but redundancy in case of catastrophe is increased |
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| application allowing network administrators to limit hard drive space usage |
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| process by which data is spread among multiple drives. Increases speed for both reads and writes of data. Considered RAID level 0 because it does not provide fault tolerance |
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| disk striping with parity |
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Definition
| method for providing fault tolerance by writing data across multiple drives and then including an additional drive, called a parity drive, that stores info to rebuild the data contained on the other drives. Requires at least three physical disks: two for the data and a third for the parity drive. This provides data redundancy at RAID levels 3-5 with different options |
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