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| appoints a permanent deputy and moves to Kent |
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| Knight of the Shire (MP) for Kent; probably starts Canterbury Tales about this time |
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| The General Prologue-Estates satire |
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– comments on the nobility, the clergy, and the commons, the three estates
– reflection of social changes and rise of “middle class” |
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| Canute the Dane acknowledged as King after battle of Ashingdon and deaths of AEthelred and Edmund Ironsides |
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| son of AEthelred and Emma |
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| Edward the Confessor becomes king, sends Harold Godwinson abroad, promises to throne William |
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October 16, 1066
William wins, Harold is killed
William spends another 4 yrs subduing England |
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1/2 brother on mother's side of William, Duke of Normandy
Likely to have comissioned tapestry |
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| companionship/company, loyalty/service in exchange for support and treasure, between lord and retainers |
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| Tacitus-emphasises good traits of germanic culture to critize roman culture |
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literary, not historical ideal
poetry is sometimes "at odds" |
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| called comitatus later, Anglo-Saxons knew idea but didn't have name |
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Vercelli, Bibliotheca capitolare cxvii, s. x^2
2nd half of 10th century
includes 'Dream of the Road' |
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Exeter, Cathedral Library (Dean and Chapter), MS 3501, s.x^2 (Conner 950-970)
damaged by fire c.1003, slashes and stains also |
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| The Wanderer, The Seafarer, The Ruin, The Husband's Message, The Wife's Lament, Wulf and Eadwacer |
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| possibly based on Roman ruins of a bath near city of Bath |
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| The Husband's Message, The Wife's Lament, Wulf and Eadwacer |
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-Lond, British Library, Cotton Otho A. xii
-poem destroyed in Ashburnham House fire, other parts of MS very damaged
-late 10th/early 11th century--1020ish |
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| Anglo-Saxon chronicle A-text-Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 173 |
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In this year Anlaf came with ninety-three ships to Folkstone and raided about it, and
sailed from there to Sandwich and from there so to Ipswich, overrunning all the land,
and so to Maldon. Ealdorman Byrhtnoth came against them with his defense force
and fought them, but they killed the ealdorman there and held the place of slaughter.
Afterwards peace was made with them [i.e. by tribute] and the king took him [Anlaf]
to the bishop’s hand [i.e. sponsored him for confirmation] by the counsel of
Archbishop Sigeric of Canterbury and Bishop Alfheah of Winchester. |
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| Alfred the Great, c.849-899, ruled 871-899 |
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-defeated Vikings @ Battle of Edington
-Got Guthrun to acct baptism, treaty of Wedmore 878
-Encourager of English language and literature |
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| Alfred's translation project |
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decided to order the translation of "those works that are most important for all men to know" from Latin to Olde English
-Bede's HE |
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| Ecclesiastical History of the English People- latin |
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| exists in 160 manuscripts |
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| Ecclesiastical History of the English People-english |
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"Alfred's" translation
Oxford, Bodleian Library, Tanner 10, s.x (CAEdmon) |
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| Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum |
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some common report
-popular belief, knowledge of what people though was true and how they acted based on that |
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| Typological view of history- figureation and prefigurationg |
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| typology- events of the past prefigure current events and can be used to interpret them; not necessarily that "history repeats itself," but it is useful in understanding the present |
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| Anglo-Sacon Chronicle- naming conventions |
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Definition
City-where MS is
Library-containing the MS
Shelfmark- name that library uses in its system to identify the MS
Oxford, Bodleian Library, Tanner 10
-MS containing the OE Bede |
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| Alfredian Influence in Chronicle texts |
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| 3 versions, exemplar was circulating about 891ish |
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| Cambridge, Corpus Christi College (CCC) 173 |
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| The Apostle to the English |
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597, Gregory the Great sends Augustine to convert English
-this story and Gregory's papacy are recounted in Bede's Ecclestial History of the English People |
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| The Vikings and Alfred, 886 |
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| Alfred fixes boundaries of Danelaw |
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| Approximate date of Anglo-Saxon Chronicle exemplar |
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891
-role of language as a unifier |
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