Term
| How Can satellite sense the contours of the ocean bottom from space? |
|
Definition
| By using radar to sense the height of the sea surface over submerged ares |
|
|
Term
| T or F: The oceanic crust is made of granite. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A boundary which crustal plates move over one another is called... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a huge rotating aggregation of stars, gas, and other debris held together by gravity. |
|
|
Term
| T of F: A hotspot is a plume o magma rising from a stationary source near the core-mantle boundary. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Active continental margins are located : |
|
Definition
| on the west coasts of both North and South America |
|
|
Term
| All of the following statements are true concerning subduction zones EXCEPT : |
|
Definition
| they are sites where lithospheric plates are diverging or pulling apart. |
|
|
Term
| As early as the 1700's scientists and explorers noticed a remarkable coincidence of the shape of the Atlantic coasts of Africa and which other continent ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At an ocean to ocean plate boundary, which plate will be subducted ? |
|
Definition
| the older plate, because it is usually cooler. |
|
|
Term
| Buoyancy is the ability of an object to float in a fluid by : |
|
Definition
| displacing a volume of water equal in weight to its own weight |
|
|
Term
| T or F: Drift nets were developed in response to demands that fishing nets take only target species, and that fishing should be more environmentally sensitive. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Earthquakes provided evidence that the outer core is liquid, because : |
|
Definition
| p and s waves have different shadow zones. One wave can penetrate liquids, the other cannot. |
|
|
Term
| Evidence suggests that the first biomolecules or "living" molecules may have formed near : |
|
Definition
| mineral rich seeps on the ocean floor |
|
|
Term
| Fridtjof Nansen did all of the following Except |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glomar Challenger is known mainly for : |
|
Definition
| taking the first complete cores of deep-sea sediments |
|
|
Term
| T or F: Gravity was important in the formation of our planet because it pulled dense materials such as iron and nickel inward, forming the Earth's core. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Life on Earth probably evolved in the ocean. All of the following evidence supports this statement EXCEPT : |
|
Definition
| biosynthesis cannot occur without high concentrations of free oxygen, similar to the condition of Earth's early atmosphere and ocean. |
|
|
Term
| Longitude can be determined with the use of a(n)______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Marine energetic resources include all the following, EXCEPT : |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: Magnetite is a magnetic mineral found in basalt and its orientation provided evidence for plate tectonics. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: Marine science draws on information from the disciplines of geology, bilology, chemistry, physics and engineering |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Polar oceaonography began with : |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Polynesian navigators depended on all of the following unique strategies for accurate navigation EXCEPT : |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Second to petroleum and gas, the most profitable physical resource recovered from the marine environment is : |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Submarine canyons occur : |
|
Definition
| at the junction between the continental shelf and the continental slope. |
|
|
Term
| The Chinese navigators were very advanced because they : |
|
Definition
| could raise cattle at sea. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a gently sloping platform with a variable landscape. |
|
|
Term
| T or F: The Earth is density stratified. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Hawaiian islands formed as they passed over a hot spot in the middle of the : |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: The Mid-Atlantic spreading ridge is above ground on Iceland. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: The Wilson cycle describes the life stages of an ocean basin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The characteristics of deep trenches indicate : |
|
Definition
| they are elongated depressions in the oceanic crust |
|
|
Term
| The first scientific expedition to use an echo sounder was : |
|
Definition
| The Challenger Expedition |
|
|
Term
| The future of oceanographic research appears to lie : |
|
Definition
| with the cooperative efforts of the great private, institutional, and national oceanographic institutions |
|
|
Term
| The hot, partially melted, slowly flowing layer of the Earth is called the : |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The landscape of the seafloor could best be described as : |
|
Definition
| huge abyssal plains containing ridges, trenches and seamounts |
|
|
Term
| The magnetic striping of the seafloor is considered evidence of seafloor spreading, because (as this image shows) : |
|
Definition
| the Earth's magnetic field periodically has been reversing its polarity. |
|
|
Term
| The leading edge of a moving continental crustal plate is most likely to exhibit features associated with : |
|
Definition
| active continental margins, Widespread volcanism, and frequent earthquake activity. |
|
|
Term
| The mid-ocean mountains, such as the ridges and rises : |
|
Definition
| are constructed of volcanic basalt |
|
|
Term
| The most abundant form of matter in the universe appears to be : |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The origin of the submarine canyon s is not well understood , but most likely : |
|
Definition
| is erosional, started by streams during periods when the sea level was low. |
|
|
Term
| The submersible, Alvin, archived all of the following EXCEPT : |
|
Definition
| explored the Mariana Trench |
|
|
Term
| The theory of continental drift was correctly explained because of all the following, EXCEPT : |
|
Definition
| the crust and mountains are supported by mechanical scaffolding. |
|
|
Term
| The transition between the shelf and the deep seafloor is : |
|
Definition
| The continental slope and rise |
|
|
Term
| Which plate is subducted when an oceanic plate converges with a continental plate ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following voyages would qualify as the first 100 percent pure scientific oceanographic expedition ? |
|
Definition
| The challenger Expedition |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding latitude and longitude ? |
|
Definition
| Longitude lines are drawn parallel to the equator while latitude lines are drawn from pole to pole. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements apply to resources from the sea? |
|
Definition
| They are more difficult to locate and extract. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements accurately describes active continental margins ? |
|
Definition
| They are areas of frequent earthquakes and volcanoes, where lithospheric plates are converging or are in collision. |
|
|
Term
| The youngest seafloor rocks are found : |
|
Definition
| Near the mid-oceanic ridges |
|
|
Term
| The worlds largest industry is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: Transform plate boundaries are not involved in the creation or destruction of crust, rather the plates just move past one another. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: Trenches and island arcs are found at spreading centers. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Volcanic venting of substances including water vapor is called__ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following has the highest density ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following people would probably by given the title of " first ocean scientist" ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements accurately describes a turbidity current ? |
|
Definition
| A fast dense current of water that carries sediments offsore. |
|
|
Term
| The outermost solid layer of the Earth that comprises both continental and oceanic crust is called the : |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Geologists believe that a new ocean basin is forming : |
|
Definition
| at the East African Rift Valley |
|
|
Term
| Instruments that sense and record earthquakes: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Waves that move along earths surface are called: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Waves that travel through the interior of the Earth: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| These waves are compressional waves that travel twice as fast through Earth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Waves that move side to side |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Waves that travel through liquid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If P and S waves were to travel at the same constant speeds, what could be inferred about Earth interior? |
|
Definition
| The interior is homogenious |
|
|
Term
| What is the Oceanic crust made out of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the Continental crust made out of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The process that generates heat when unstable forms of elements are transformed into new elements: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Movement within a fluid resulting from differential heating and cooling of the fluid. Produces Mass transport. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following seismic waves are generally the most destructive to property? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the destruction of crusts? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Earths outer layer is divided into ___________. Earths plates Float on the__________. |
|
Definition
| Lithospheric Plates, Asthenosphere |
|
|
Term
| Ascending columns of super heated mantle originating at the cOre mantle boundary: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two plates move toward each other and interact |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two plates slide laterally past each other |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At new spreading center, _______ pushes plates apart and forms a new rift valley. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Example of continental crust toward continental crust |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With two continental plates of equal densities, which plate is sub ducted? |
|
Definition
| Neither, Both plates are compressed and uplifted which form mountains |
|
|
Term
| What is considered to be the densest type of crust? |
|
Definition
| Continental crust because it is made of dense granite |
|
|
Term
| What are strips of alternating magnetic polarity at spreading regions called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: The patterns of paleomagnetism support plate tectonic theory |
|
Definition
|
|
