Term
|
Definition
| Mucus plug in the cervical os |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mother feels the fetus move (16-20 weeks) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fetus decends into the pelvis (39-40 weeks) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The state of a woman being pregnant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The state of a woman haven given birth to a viable fetus. |
|
|
Term
A)Gravida 1, Para 0
B)Gravida 1, Para 1
C)Gradida 2, Para 0
D)Gravida 2, Para 1
C)Gravida 2, Para 2 |
|
Definition
A)currently pregnant for 1st time or was pregnant once and lost the pregnancy
B) Delivered a viable fetus from her 1st pregnancy or delivered viable twins (or more) from her 1st pregnancy
C) Currently pregnant for the 2nd time after losing 1st pregnancy or lost 2 pregnancies
D) Pregnant for the 2nd time, 1st pregnancy was viable
E) Pregnant twice, both delivered |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood test screening for birth defects (15-18 weeks) |
|
|
Term
| Women who are overweight are __% less likely to conceive. |
|
Definition
| 40% less likely to conceive. |
|
|
Term
| "A lone factor, be it insult, irritant, hormone, gene, with whatever the potential it may possess for altering the body, must still rely on the response of that body to dertermine its impact." |
|
Definition
| ?...a system that is properly functioning to its potential, may resist destructive forces more successfully with less damage. |
|
|
Term
| When should you make healthy changes before conception? |
|
Definition
| at least 3 months to a year. |
|
|
Term
| According to research, the most effective care is given by: midwive, family physicians, or obstetricians? |
|
Definition
| All equally effective, women were slightly more satisfied with care from midwives and family physicians. |
|
|
Term
| Why are the first 12 weeks of pregnancy important? |
|
Definition
| Time of organogenesis and heightened fetal vulnerability to teratogens. |
|
|
Term
| Air travel for pregnant women is safe until ___. |
|
Definition
4 weeks before the EDD.
Lenghy trips increase the risk of venous thrombosis. |
|
|
Term
| What are some contraindications for breastfeeding? |
|
Definition
| maternal HIV, chemical dependency, certain medications. |
|
|
Term
| Caloric requirements for pregnant women increase by |
|
Definition
| 340-450 kcal/day in 2nd and 3rd tri's. |
|
|
Term
| Pregnant women should gain approxiamtely |
|
Definition
| 25-35 lb. during pregnancy. |
|
|
Term
| Of aspartame, sucralose, saccharin, and acesulfame-k, which would you most want to limit or avoid? |
|
Definition
| saccharin: it can cross the placenta and may remain in fetal tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| May act as a uterine stimilant or lead to abortion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
May alter hormone levels, and lead to possible premature labor.
May result in high prolactin/estrogen levels.
May elevate blood pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
May worsen heartburn and GURD
May promote flow of bile from gall bladder and aggravate gallstone symptoms. |
|
|
Term
| Pregnant patients history should include: |
|
Definition
Current pregnancy
Past pregnancies
Medical Hx
Contraceptive Hx
Family Hx
Psychological Hx
Plans for childbirth
Risk factors |
|
|
Term
| Pregnant patients "cheif complaint" should include: |
|
Definition
Patient's age
Marital status
Gravidity and parity
Last Menstrual period
Previous usual menstrual period
Expected date of delivery
Occupation
Father of baby and his occupation |
|
|
Term
| Pregnant patients "present Problem" should include |
|
Definition
Description of current pregnancy
previous medical/health care
Attention given to specific problems:
nausea, vomiting, fatigue, edema |
|
|
Term
Review of symptoms
special attention is given to: |
|
Definition
Reproductive system
Cardiovascular system
Endocrine system
Urinary tract
Respiratory function |
|
|
Term
| The growing fetus accounts for __lbs. of the total weight gain. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most of the weight gain associated with pregnancy is due to |
|
Definition
Placenta
Amniotic fluid
Uterus
Blood and fluid volumes
Breasts
Fat reserves |
|
|
Term
What is accountable for most of the weight gain during:
2nd tri
3rd tri |
|
Definition
2nd: Maternal tissue growth
3rd: Baby growht |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"stretch marks"
2nd tri
May be influenced by cortisol levels (stress). Hydration and nutrition are the best prevention. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"vascular spiders"
May be found on face, neck, chest, and arms
usually resolve after delivery. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| old ones may increase in size, new ones may develop. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| result from epithelial hyperplasia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Found to some extent in all pregnant women. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pigmentation of linea alba |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"mask of pregnancy"
70% of pregnant women
Hyperpigmentation
Usually fades, sun exposure worsens, makes it more likely to be permanent. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Diffuse redness covers the entire palmar surface or the thenar and hypothenar eminences. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fine: breasts and abdomen due to stretching
Ru Roh: Generalized itching, begins in palms and soles starting in 3rd tri. Sign of more serious condition. (liver being strained, skin taking some of detox role) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Some degree of goiter may develop if iodine defficient.
A thyroid bruit may be heard due to increased vascularity |
|
|
Term
| Corneal changes associated with pregnancy |
|
Definition
Corneal edema and thickening (3rd tri)
Causes hypersensitivity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increase in corneal epithelial pigmentation. |
|
|
Term
| Why might contact lense wearers have a greasy sensation associated with their eyes during pregnancy? |
|
Definition
| Tears contain an increased level of lysosome. |
|
|
Term
| Costal angle change during pregnancy |
|
Definition
68 degrees pre pregnancy
103 degrees post pregnancy |
|
|
Term
| Blood volume during pregnancy |
|
Definition
| 40% increase, mainly due to increase in plasma volume. |
|
|
Term
| Cardiac output during pregnancy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Heart position during pregnancyq |
|
Definition
| shifted to a horizontal position with slight axis rotation. |
|
|
Term
| Blood pressure ___ during the 2nd trimester and ____ during the 3rd |
|
Definition
decreases
returns to pre pregnancy levels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| add 7 days to the first day of the last normal mestrual period and count back 3 months. |
|
|
Term
| Measure the Fundal Height |
|
Definition
Have the patient empty bladder
Patient supine
Measure from upper pubic symphysis to superior fundus
Recorded in cm.
Most accurate between 20-30 weeks
fundal height=gestational age. |
|
|
Term
| Hormonal influences on muskuloskeletal system during pregnancy |
|
Definition
Progesterone: alterss the vascular supply to the motor unit (decreases smooth muscle tone) as well as the surrounding structures
Estrogen: relaxes the joint capsule, allows more "play" in the joints
Relaxin: Contributes to the relaxation effect allowing pelvis to open. |
|
|
Term
| Women with uncomplicated "morning sickness" have been noted to have better/worse pregnancy outcomes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When should morning sickness begin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Complete:no identifiable fetal tissue
Partial: Some recognizable fetal tissue
Signs: vaginal bleeding, Hyperemesis
Absense of fetal heart tones
Treatment:Evacuation and curettage or hysterectomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Any pregnancy outside the uterine cavity.
97% Tubal
Abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, normal/slightly enlarged uterus, palpable adnexal mass, pelvic pain with manipulation of the cervix.
Diagnosis: Ultrasound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pregnancy loss at less than 20 weeks
50% of pregnancies complicated by bleeding.
20% of pregnancies (30% may be more accurate)
Diagnose: ultrasound, dilated cervix? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pregnancy complicated by bleeding before 20 weeks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The cervix has dilated, but the products of conception have not been expelled. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Implantation of the placento over or near the internal os of the cervix.
Vaginal bleeding in the 2nd or 3rd trimester.
Diagnose:ultrasound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Separation of the normally located placenta after the 20th week of gestation (prior to birth)
Compromises blood supply to the fetus
1% of all pregnancies
Can be caused by maternal hypertension
Presentation: vaginal bleeding, abdominal, back, or uterine tenderness, fetal distress, abnormal uterine contractions, 15% Fetal death
Difficult to identify on ultra sound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Abnormally high levels of amniotic fluid (>2000mL)
Exam: rapidly enlarging uterus, difficulty palpating fetus
Manage diabetes, steroid therapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inadequate levels of amniotic fluid
Causes: fetal uninary tract anomalies, placental insufficiency, premature rupture of membrane, leakage of amniotic fluid
Complications: infection, fetal distress |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pregnancy-specific multisystem disorder of unkown etiology.
New onset of elevated blood pressure and proteinuria after 20 weeks' gestation.
3rd leading cause of pregnancy related deaths |
|
|
Term
Preeclampsia
history and examination |
|
Definition
| visual disturbance, persistant headache, epigastric or R upper quadrant pain, increased edema. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Elevated blood pressure
>140 systolic or >90 diastolic
Proteinuria
>.3g in 24 hour urine collection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Magnesium sulfate (during labor to prevent seizures)
Antihuertensive drug therapy.
exercise, lifestyle, chiropractic |
|
|
Term
| Preeclampsia-HELLP Syndrome |
|
Definition
Hemolysis,
Elevated Liver enzymes
Low Platelet count
4-14% preeclamptic women
25% mortality or serious morbidity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
severe complication of preeclampsia
new onset of seizures in a woman with preeclampsia
Deliver baby ASAP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
8-10% of US births
Management:
Tocolytic Therapy- slow down contractions, can buy up to 3 days
Corticosteriods- stimulate lung developement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pregnancy 42+ weeks
mortality rate doubles at 42 weeks, 4-6x greater 44 weeks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Glucose intolerance that begins or is first recognized, during pregnancy.
Increases preeclampsia, c section, future diabetes. |
|
|
