Term
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Definition
| The process by which individuals organize and interpret impressions and give meaning to their environment. |
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Term
| What are the three components of a Perception? |
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Definition
1) Distinctiveness - How distinct is the activity, does it happen a lot, or not very much?
2) Consensus - Does it happen to everyone who encounters the same situation or is it only this one individual?
3) Consistency - does it always occur? |
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Term
| What is a perceptual error? |
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Definition
| When we observe atypical behaviour we try to make sense of it by attributing their actions to our own experiences |
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Term
| What is Internal Attribution, What is External Attribution? |
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Definition
Internal - we believe the person can control his/her behaviours
External - we believe that there is an environmental cause to the suggested behaviour/ |
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Term
| What is the Fundamental Attribution Error? |
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Definition
| Tendency to underestimate external factors and overestimate internal factors. |
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Term
| What is a Self Serving Bias? |
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Definition
| When we achieve something, we tend to attribute that achievement with internal factors more than external factors. |
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Term
| What is Selective Perception? |
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Definition
| Is when we notice something about someone else that may not fit in with our own personal experiences or our values, thus they stand out to us. |
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Term
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Definition
When we judge someone on the basis of our perception of the group he/she belongs too.
"Older workers cannot learn new skills" |
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Term
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Definition
| When we judge someone based on a single characteristic |
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Term
| What is a Contrast Effect? |
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Definition
| When we evaluate someone based on the context. "Never follow an act with children or animals" Why? "Because people love them so much you will look bad in comparrision". |
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Term
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Definition
| When you assume that everyone around you has similar goals, values and motives that drive you. If you are honest and trustworthy, then all of your peers must be too! |
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Term
| What is a Self Fulfilling Prophecy? |
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Definition
| An individuals behaviour is determined by others expectations. A student who is told he will fail the course, will most likely fail the course because of the standards you have set of him. |
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Term
| What are some work related areas where Perception could become an issue? |
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Definition
Interviews
Performance Appraisals
Performance Expectations |
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Term
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Definition
| A stable pattern of behaviour and consistent internal state that determines how an individual reacts to an interacts with others. |
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Term
| What determines a personality? |
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Definition
| Their heredity as well as the enviornment play a big role. It can be argued that the base personality is determined by genes, and the development of the personality is controlled by environment. |
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Term
| What is the Meyers Briggs Type Indicator? |
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Definition
100 Question personality test
Individuals are classified into 4 categories
Extraverted/Introverted
Sensing/Intuitive
Thinking/Feeling
Judging/Perceiving |
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Term
| What are the components to the Big Five Personality Model? |
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Definition
Extroversion
Agreeableness
Conscientiousness
Emotional Stability
Openness to Experience |
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Term
| What are the components of the Dark Triad? |
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Definition
Machiavellian
Narcissism
Psychopathy |
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Term
| What is a Core Self Evaluation? |
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Definition
| A Core Self Evaluation is how you perceive yourself. Those with a positive evaluation see themselves as effective and contributing members of society. Those with a negative evaluation do not hold themselves to high regard. |
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Term
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Definition
| They are basic convictions each individual has about the world. They are stable and are usually right or wrong (black and white). |
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Term
| Describe the Rokeach model for values |
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Definition
It has two types of values. Terminal Values and Instrumental Values.
Terminal values are what you would like to achieve at the end of your lifetime, instrumental values are what convictions you have that will get you there. |
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Term
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Definition
| They are the persistent and collective values of social group that are generally accepted amongst the community. |
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Term
| What is Hofstedes model of cultural values? |
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Definition
There are 5 dimensions
Power Distance
Individualism vs Collectivism
Masculity vs Femininity
Uncertainty Avoidance
Long term vs Short Term Orientation
Recently there has been a new one added called Indulgence vs Restraint. |
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Term
| What is the GLOBE model? How is it different from Hofstede? |
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Definition
| It is pretty much the same idea as Hofstede but adds more dimensions such as Humane Orientation and Performance Orientation |
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Term
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Definition
| An Attitude is a feeling a person gets about a situation. It |
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Term
| Can Attitudes Be Changed? |
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Definition
| They can be changed but it is very hard. You need someone who has a lot of credibility and thereby can influence a person to change his/her attitude. |
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Term
| What is Maslows Heirarchy of Needs? |
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Definition
1) Physiological Needs
2) Safety Needs
3) Love/Social Needs
4) Esteem Needs
5) Self Actualization |
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Term
| Explain Alderfers Theory of Motivation |
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Definition
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