Term
| name the 3 macronutrients |
|
Definition
| lipids, proteins, carbohydrates |
|
|
Term
| which macronutrient provides the most calories for the world's population? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which disaccharide comes from milk? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Triglycerides is another name for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Polyunsaturated fatty acids more commonly come from plant or animal sources? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| proteins are made of long chains of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| __________ amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are complementary proteins? |
|
Definition
| 2 or more proteins that compliment each other in essential amino acids |
|
|
Term
| how much water do we really need each day |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the animal source of vitamin A is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| common functions of vitamin A in the body |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| two ways in which vitamin A supplements help deficient children |
|
Definition
| not go blind; not get diarrhea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fat soluble, water soluble |
|
|
Term
| 4 kinds of fat soluble vitamins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Thiamin deficiency disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| potassium is an _________- a chemical that dissolves in water and creates ions |
|
Definition
| electrolyte (sodium is primary electrolyte, chloride is balancing) |
|
|
Term
| ________ iron comes from plants and makes up about _______% of our iron intake |
|
Definition
| non-heme iron; 80-90% of intake |
|
|
Term
| _________ is fortified with iodine to help prevent the deficiency disease __________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the major loss of iron from the body is from |
|
Definition
| intestine and menstruation |
|
|
Term
| the most prone to iron deficiency |
|
Definition
| women in child-bearing years, infants just after nursing ends |
|
|
Term
| the condition of low hemoglobin is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| physical consequences of iron deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| symptoms of zinc deficiency |
|
Definition
| intestinal upset, lack of taste |
|
|
Term
| why is zinc not absorbed from certain grains? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| difference between marasmus and kwashiorkor |
|
Definition
| marasmus is caused by a severe deficiency of nearly all nutrients (esp energy and calories) while kwashiorkor is caused by poor protein intake. MARASMUS IS MOST COMMON |
|
|
Term
| difference between stunting and wasting |
|
Definition
stunting- low height for age
wasting- low weight for height |
|
|
Term
| 3 infectious diseases killing malnourished children |
|
Definition
| diarrhea, pneumonia, malaria |
|
|
Term
| malnutrition/infection cycle |
|
Definition
| lack of food--> decreased immunity--> disease--> poor absorption of nutrients--> malnutrition |
|
|
Term
| what is perinatal mortality and what causes it to be so high in poor countries? |
|
Definition
| poor experience in womb, die right after birth |
|
|
Term
| single most direct cause of diarrhea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| additional causes for diarrhea |
|
Definition
| bacteria, parasites, viruses, medications |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| steps of poverty/malnutrition/disease cycle |
|
Definition
| poverty->malnutrition->disease->disability->poverty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| external measuring of the human body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mid-upper arm circumfrence
MUAC < 110mm = severe malnutrition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
reflects childs size (weight) relative to age
below third centile = growth retardation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the number of standard deviations the childs value falls from the reference mean
2 standard deviations below the mean indicates growth retardation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
wasting z score of 3 or less
10 million severely malnourished children at one time |
|
|
Term
cause of death in children under 5 years:
pneumonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
death--> causes children under 5
diarrhea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
cause--> death children under 5
malaria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
cause--> death children under 5
neonatal causes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
cause--> death children under 5
AIDs HIV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
cause--> death children under 5
measles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
cause--> death children under 5
injuries |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
cause--> death children under 5
other |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| proportion of deaths caused by ____ and _____ are much higher in Africa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mother To Child Transmission |
|
Definition
| primary cause of infection in the fetus, newborn, and breast feeding infant |
|
|
Term
| neonatal mortality accounts for __% of all deaths in children younger than five years |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mortality is highest first 24 hours after birth when __% to __% of neonatal deaths occur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| __ of neonatal deaths occur in week following birth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neonatal mortality slow to decline b/c |
|
Definition
focus is on pneumonia, diarrhea, and infectious diseases
important causes of POST neonatal NOT neonatal mortality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| congenital malformations 7% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dramatically increases risk of both neonatal and postnatal mortality |
|
|
Term
| maternal nutrition status |
|
Definition
| every cm increase in maternal MUAC lowers the risk of mortality by 12% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inadequate intake of protein, energy, and macronutrients combined with frequent infections resulting in poor body growth and size |
|
|
