Term
| In what form are carbohydrates absorbed into the body? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Sugars, straches, and fiber |
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Term
| The general formula for carbohydrates is |
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Definition
| CH2O or Cn(H2O)n based on number of times equation is repeated |
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Term
| Formula for monosacharides |
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Definition
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Term
| Formula for disarcharides |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| More complex forms of carbos (glycogen, starch, fiber, etc) |
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Term
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Definition
| Glucose, fructose, and galactose |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Most abundant monosaccharide; a primary source of energy in the body |
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Term
| What kind of sugar is also known as blood sugar? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Monosaccharide with 6 carbons that forms a 5 or 6-membered ring with oxygen in the ring; found in fruits and honey |
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Term
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Definition
| Monosaccharide found most abundantly in combo with glucose to make lactose |
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Term
| Simple sugars derived from monosaccharides |
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Definition
| Sorbitol, manitol, xylitol |
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Term
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Definition
| Linking of two monosaccharides |
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Term
| Do monosaccharides get broken down further during digestion? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| complex carb made of multiple units of glucose attached together; digestible; amylopectin and amylose |
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Term
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Definition
| digestible straight-chain type of starch made of multiple glucose units |
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Term
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Definition
| Digestible branched-chain type of starch composed of multiple glucose units |
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Term
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Definition
| Carb made with multiple units of glucose with a highly branched structure; storage form of glucose in humans |
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Term
| Where is glycogen synthesized |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Combo of dietary and funcitonal fiber in food |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of fiber naturally in food |
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Term
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Definition
| Fiber added to food to provide health benefits |
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Term
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Definition
| Fibers that are not easily dissolved in water or metabolized by bacteria in the large intestine; included in cellulose, some hemicelluloses, and lignins |
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Term
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Definition
| Fibers that dissolve in water and can be metabolized (fermented) by bacteria in the large intestine; including pectin, gums, and mucilages |
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Term
| Recomended daily intake of carbs |
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Definition
| 130 g/day; 45-65% of total calories |
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Term
| Dietary guidelines suggest limiting sugar intake to less than |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, |
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Term
| Why is fiber good for you |
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Definition
| Prevents constipation, hemorrhoids, divericulitis, etc |
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Term
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Definition
| part of large intestinal wall pops out between surrounding band of muscle forming small pouches |
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Term
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Definition
| Bacteria in GI tract breaks down/digest some fiber producing gases and short chain fatty acids |
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Term
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Definition
| Bacteria in GI tract breaks down/digest some fiber producing gases and short chain fatty acids |
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Term
| Sugar alcohols are derivatives of |
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Definition
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Term
| Besides glucose, fructose, and galactose, two other kinds of monosaccharides that are important to human existance are |
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Definition
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Term
| Examples of digestible polysaccharides |
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Definition
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Term
| Dietary and functional fibers are |
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Definition
| indigestible polysaccharides |
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Term
| Two types of sweetners are |
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Definition
Nutritive sweetners-provide energy
Non-nutritive (alternative) sweetners |
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Term
| How are monosaccharides absorbed/transported? |
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Definition
| Through a portal vein to the liver |
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Term
| How is glucose transported? |
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Definition
| Through the bloodstream for use by the cells of the body |
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