Term
|
Definition
| Provides you with the current theoretical and scientific knowledge about a particular problem and results in a synthesis of what is know and not known. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Those with a direct bearing on the problem of concern. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Those published within 5 years prior to acceptance of the manuscript for publication. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The act of quoting a source, using it as an example, or presenting it as support for a position taken. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Examples include journals. They are published over time and numbered sequentially for the years published. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Examples include a book on a specific subject, a record of conference procedings, or a pamphlet. It's usually a one-time publication and may be updated with a new edition. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Includes concept analyses, models, theories, and conceptual frameworks that support a selected research problem and purpose. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consists of reports of research and includes published studies, usually in journals or books, and unpublished studies, such as master theses and doctoral dissertations. These are peer reviewed before being published. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Means that scholars familiar with the topic of the research read the report and validate its accuracy and the appropriateness of the methodology used in the study. The paper is considered trustworthy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a report of a research project completed by a postgraduate student as part of the requirements for a masters degree. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A report of an extensive, usually original research project that is cpmpleted as the final requirement for a doctoral degree. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Written by the person who originated or is responsible for generating the ideas published. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Summarizes or quotes content from primary sources. Authors paraphrase the works of researchers and primary sources. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Significant research projects that generate knowledge that influences a discipline and sometimes society as a whole. Such studies are frequently replecated or are the basis for generation of additional studies. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Include journals, books, conference proceedings, master theses, and doctoral dissertations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A compilation of citations. A citation provides the information necessary to locate a reference. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Major concepts or variables of a research problem or topic. These terms will be what you key in to begin a search. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Combines two or more concepts or synonyms in one search. Selection of the concepts or synonyms to combine may be based on the results of previous searches. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of the various categories of information provided about an article by the bibliographical database |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Moves you from one website to another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A noursing or other journal that is published only electronically. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Expressing an author's findings clearly and concisely in the reviewer's own words. |
|
|
Term
| Integrative review of research |
|
Definition
| Conducted to identify, analyze, and synthesize the results from independent studies to determine the current knowledge in a particular area. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Compiling the findings from all of the selected studies and analyzing and interpreting those findings. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Combining meanings obtained from all synthesized sources. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Go beyond the integrated review by performing statistical analyses using summative findings from multiple published studies. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This is a word sometimes used to refer to the results of a meta-analysis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An integrated set of defined concepts and statements that present a view of a phenomenon and can be used to describe, explain, predict, and control that phenomenon. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Means that a theory is the expression of an idea, apart from any specific instance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to realities or actual instances. Focuses on the particular rather than the general. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Broadly explains phenomena of interest, expresses assumptions, and reflects a philosophical stance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An occurrence or circumstance that is observed, something that impresses the observer as extraordinary. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A specific philosophical view held by a person or group of people. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Less abstract and more narrow in scope than conceptual models (or grand theories). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Even more specific than middle range theories. These are designed to theoretically propose specific approaches to particular nursing practice situations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brief explanation of a theory or those portions of a theory to be tested in a quantitative study. Every quantitative study has one. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sometimes, rudimentary ideas for the framework are expressed in the introduction or literature review, in which linkages among variables found in previous studies are discussed, but then the researcher stops without fully developing the ideas as a framework. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A term that abstractly describes and names an object or phenomenon, this providing it with a separate identity or meaning. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In conceptual models, concepts have very general meanings. They are sometimes referred to as this... |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Differs from the dictionary definition of a word. It is more comprehensive than a denotative (or dictionary) definition and includes associated meanings the word may have. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Express claims that are important to the theory. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Declare that a given concept exists or that a given relationship between concepts occurs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Clarifies the type of relationship that exists between or among concepts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Relational statements. They can be expressed at various levels of abstraction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Graphically shows the interrelationships of the concepts and statements. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Includes such fraudulent practices as fabrication, falsification, or forging of data; dishonest manipulation of the study design or methods with protocol violations; misrepresentation of findings, and plagiarism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Provides patients with an opportunity to recieve an experimental treatment that might have beneficial results. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Conducted to generate knowledge for a discipline; the results of the study might benefit future patients but probably will not benefit those acting as research subjects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. The investigator should protect the life, health, privacy and dignity of human subjects
2. the investigator should exercise great care to protect subjects from harm in nontherapeutic research.
3. The investigaror should conduct research only when the importance of the objective outweighs the inherent risks and burdens to the subjects. |
|
|
Term
| Principle of respect for persons |
|
Definition
| Encourages the researcher to do good and "above all, do no harm." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| States that human subjects should be treated fairly in terms of the benefits and the rists of research. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| All humans should be treated as one of these. Implies that humans have the freedom to conduct their lives as they choose without external controls. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occurs when one person intentionally presents an overt threat of harm or an excessive reward to obtain compliance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Subjects are unaware that data are being collected. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Persons experience this when they are vilnerable and less advantaged because of legal or mental incompetence, terminal illness, or confinement in an institution. These persons require additional protection of their right to self-determination because of their decreased ability or inability to give informed consent. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The freedom people have to determine the time, extent, and general circumstances under which their private informationincludes that concerning a person's attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, opinions, and records. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occurs when private information is shared without a person's knowledge or against his or her will. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Health care providers, health plans, employers, and health care clearinghouses. |
|
|
Term
| Individually identifiable health information |
|
Definition
| Any information, including demographic information collected from an individual that is created or recieved by the HCP, etc and related to past, present or future physical or mental health or condition of an individual or the past, present or future payment for the provision of health care to an individual and identifies the individual; or with respect to which there is a reasonable basis to believe that the information can be used to identify the individual. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limits how the data set may be used and how it will be protected. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| researcher's management of private information shared by the subject. |
|
|
Term
| Breach of confidentiality |
|
Definition
| Can occur when a researcher, by accident or direct action, allows an unauthorized person to gain access to the raw data of a study. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Includes 4 elements:
1. disclosure of essential study information to the subject
2. comprehension of this information by the subject
3. competence of the subject to give consent
4. voluntary consent of the subject to participate in the study |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A written document that includes the elements of informed consent required by the DHHS regulations and FDA regulations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Means that the prospective subject has decided to take part in a study of his or her own volition without coercion or any undue influence. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A study is examined for ethical concerns by a committee of the researcher's peers. |
|
|
Term
| Institutional review board |
|
Definition
| A committee that reviews research to ensure that the investigaror is conducting the research ethically. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Studies that pose no apparent risks for the research subjects fall under this category. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Means that the probability of and magnitude of harm or discomfort anticipated in the research are not greater in and of themselves than those ordinarily encountered in daily life or during the performance of routine physical or psychological examination. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The benefits and risks associated with the sampling method, consent process, procedures, and potential outcomes of the study are assessed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Making up results and recording or reporting them. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Manipulating research materials, equipment, or processes, or changing or omitting data or results, such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The appropriation of another person's ideas, processes, results, or words without giving appropriate credit, including those obtained through confidential review of others' research proposals and manuscripts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A blueprint for conducting a study. Its purpose is to maximize control over factors that can interfere with the validity of the findings. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Basically says that things have causes, and causes lead to effects. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The presence of multiple causes for an effect. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| addresses relative rather than absolute causality. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Means a slant or deviation from the true or expected. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of control used most commonly in experimental or quasi-experimental research. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Includes identifying a phenomenon of interest, identifying the variables within the phenomenon, developing conceptual and operational definitions of the variables, and describing variables. |
|
|
Term
| Comparative descriptive design |
|
Definition
| Used to describe variables and to examine differences in variables in two or more groups that occur naturally in a setting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Involves and intensive exploration of a single unit of study, such as a person, a very small number of subjects, or a family, group, community, or institution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Used to examine the relationships between or among two or more variables in a single group. |
|
|
Term
| Descriptive correlational design |
|
Definition
| Used to describe variables and examine relationships among these variables. |
|
|
Term
| PRedictive correlational design |
|
Definition
| USed to predict the valie of one variable based on values ovtained for another varialbe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Requires that all variables relavant to the model be measured. |
|
|
Term
| Quasi-experimental design |
|
Definition
| Facilitates the search for knowledge and examination of causality in situations in which complete control is not possible. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Some are relatively simple and others very complex. They are developed for a variety of studies focused on examining causality. |
|
|
Term
| Randomized clinical trial |
|
Definition
| Has been used in medicine since 1945. However, until recently, has not been used in nursing. Uses large numbers of subjects to test the effects of a treatment and compare the results with those of a control group that has not recieved the treatment (or has recieved a traditional treatment). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Developed in quasi-experimental studies. Develop this expectin it to result in differences in post test measures between the treatment and control or comparison groups. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Involve producing or repeating a study to determine whether similar findings will be obtained. The intent is to determine whether the findings from a study will hold up despite minor changes in the research conditions. |
|
|
