Term
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Definition
| nonutritive substance in plant based food that appear to have disease fighting properties. |
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Term
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Definition
| a severe chronic deficiency of thiamine characterized by muscle weakness and pain, anorexia, mental disorientation, and tachycardia |
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Term
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Definition
| a substance that activates an enzyme |
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Term
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Definition
| muscle weekness and loss of coordination |
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Term
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Definition
| thiamine deficiency with edema affecting cardiac function by weakening if heart muscle and vascular system. |
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Term
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Definition
| thiamine deficiency affecting the nervous system producing paralysis and extreme muscle wasting |
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Term
| Thiamine is excreted in the ______? |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ is the major source of riboflavin in the United States. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 1.3mg for men 1.1mg for women |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| name for a group of symptoms associated with riboflavin deficiency. |
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Definition
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Term
| Niacin occurs naturally in two forms, name them, |
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Definition
| Nicotinicin acid and niacinamide |
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Term
| What is niacin's function(b2) |
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Definition
| coenzyme to help with metabolism, glycolysis and the TCA cycle |
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Term
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Definition
| metabolism and nerve functioning related to muscle actions (water soluble) |
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Term
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Definition
| to form PLP, acts as the major coenzyme for metabolism. May reduce the risk of CAD |
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Term
| cobalamin (b12) what must be present for absorption |
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Definition
| intrinsic factor in the mucosa of the stomach |
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Term
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Definition
| transfer of Co2 from one compound to the other. Plays an important role in carbohydrate, fat , and protein absorption |
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Term
| Pantothenic acid function |
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Definition
| functions as part of CoA (coenzyme A) therefore it is required for the metabolism of carbs, fats, and proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| Needed for the synthesis of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitterm and lecithinm the phospholipid. |
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Term
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Definition
| Functions as an antioxidant and as a coenzyme. As an antioxidant it protects folate. C also works with E to destroy substances released as cells age, and are oxidized. |
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Term
| Name other functions of vitamin c |
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Definition
| yes it is required in adrenal hormone synthesis, and: tryptophan, serotonin, cholesterol to bile, and folate to its active form. |
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Term
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Definition
| a compound that guards other compounds from damaging oxidation. |
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Term
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Definition
| 90 mg for men 75 mg for women |
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Term
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Definition
| Maintains skin and mucous membranes throughout the body. |
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Term
| What vitamin is good for your eyes and why? |
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Definition
| Vitamin A. With out vitamin A Rhodopsin cannot be formed and the retina cannot easily respond to light. |
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Term
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Definition
| 900 mcg for men and 700 mcg for women |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition caused by vitamin A deficiency ranging from night blindness to keratomalacia, may result in complete blindness. |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition caused by vitamin A deficiency in which the cornea becomes dry and thickens from the formation of hard proteins. |
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Term
| Which food has the most vitamin A |
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Definition
| Liver 3 1/2 oz serving yields 10,000 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus depend on the action of vitamin D. Also effects bone mineralization and mineral homeostasis by helping regulate blood calcium levels. |
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Term
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Definition
| a childhood disorder caused by deficiency in D vitamns or calcium deficiency that leads to insufficient mineralization of bone and tooth matrix |
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Term
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Definition
| an adult disorder caused by vitamin D or calcium deficiency characterized by soft, demineralized bones. |
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Term
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Definition
| a genetic disorder in which excessive mucus is produced, primaily affecting respiratory airways; also limits fat absorption in the digestive system; most common amoung white populations. (vitamin e difciency) |
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Term
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Definition
| a congenital condition in which the major bile duct is blocked, limiting the availablity of bile for fat digestion (vitamin e difciency) |
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Term
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Definition
| a neonatla condition of excessivelu high levels of bilirubin leading to jaundice. |
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Term
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Definition
| 120 mcg men; 90 mcg women |
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Term
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Definition
| cofactor for the sythesis of blood clotting factors, including prothrombin. Protein formation in bone, kidney, and plasma also depends on the action of vitamin K. |
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Term
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Definition
| Maintains epithelial tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| water lost invisibly through evaporation |
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Term
| what % of body weight does a male adult, adult woman, and child carry in water |
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Definition
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Term
| ADH (antidiuretic hormone) where is it secreted from |
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Definition
| secreted by the pituitary gland |
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Term
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Definition
| effects kidneys to decrease excretion of water (vasopressin) |
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Term
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Definition
| a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands in reponse to sodium levels in kidneys; affects kidneys to balance fluid levels as needed |
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Term
| FVD (fluid volume deficit) |
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Definition
| the state at which a person experiences vascular, cellular or intracellular dehydration. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| essential nutrient minerals required daily ub aniunts of 100 mg or higher |
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Term
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Definition
| essential mutrient minerals required daily in in amounts less than or equal to 20 mg |
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Term
| what vitamins are good for blood health |
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Definition
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Term
| what vitamins are good for bone health |
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Definition
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Term
| what vitamins are good for metabolism energy |
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Definition
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Term
| Which minerals are for electrolye balance |
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Definition
| Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Phosphorus |
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Term
| What is the most abundant mineral in the body |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a hormone that raises blood calcium levels; secreted by the parathyroid gland in respone to low calcium levels |
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Term
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Definition
| active vitamin D hormone that raises blood calcium levels |
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Term
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Definition
| a hormone that react in response to high blood levels of calcium; released by special C cells of the thyroid gland |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition of hardness or stiffness of muscles when bllod calcium levels get too low. |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition of spasms and nerve excitability when blood calcium levels get too low |
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Term
| What are the Calcium AI for men, women and children |
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Definition
| men & women 1200 for men and women over 50; 9-13 1000 mg |
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Term
| Lactose is a good source of: |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some of the binders that hinder calcium absorption |
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Definition
| Dietary fat and fiber, aginr, laxative use, drug use, sedentary lifestyle. |
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Term
| Substances that can cause calcium loss |
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Definition
| Smoking, alcohol, caffeine |
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Term
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Definition
| DNA, buffer, component of phospholipids |
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Term
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Definition
| 700 mcg for men and women |
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Term
| Good sources of phosphorus |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a natural mineral structure of bones and teeth |
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Term
| where is most of the phosphorus found in our bodies |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 420 mcg for men; 320 mg for women |
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Term
| Good sources of magnesium |
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Definition
| Hard water, whole grains, broccoli, leafy green vegetables |
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Term
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Definition
| component of protein structures, |
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Term
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Definition
| blood pressure, volume, extracellular fluid. Major cation |
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Term
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Definition
| 1500 mg for adults (3/4 teaspon) |
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Term
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Definition
| primary intercellular cation, maitains fluid levels inside the cells. Potassium is also critical for normal functiong of nerves and muscles, including the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| muscle weakness, confusion, loss of appetite and in severe cases cardiac dysrythmias. |
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Term
| good sources of potassium |
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Definition
| bananas, legums, dairy products |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The key anion of th eextracellular fluid, chloride assists in maintaing fluid balance inside and outside the cells; gastric juice. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| is responable for distrubuting O2. |
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Term
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Definition
| o2-transporting protein in red blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
| iron that is found in animal foods of meat and fish |
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Term
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Definition
| dietary iron found in plant foods |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition characterized by a hunger and appetite for nonfood substances |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition in which too much iron is stores in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| a hereditary disorder of iron metabolism characterized by excess dietary iron absorption and depostion of iron in body tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| Men are more at risk (6-12 peoples can be lethal. |
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Term
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Definition
| more than 200 enzymes throughout the body depend on zinc. Growth process, healing, immune system, and carb metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| part of the hormone thyroxin. Involved in regulatory growth and evelopment, basal metabolic rate and body temprature. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| part of an enzyme that acts as an antioxidant alond with vitamin e. |
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Term
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Definition
| antioxidant, nerve fiber protection |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| hypertension stage 1 pressures |
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Definition
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