Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
physical and chemical breakdown of parent
material into smaller fragments |
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Term
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Definition
| soil’s ability to support plant growth |
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Term
| Rank sand silt and clay in particle size |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| allows diffusion of oxygen into, and carbon dioxide out of the soil |
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Term
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Definition
* Not spread of deserts
* Actually land degradation |
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Term
| Soil Degradation Vs Soil Erosion |
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Definition
| Degradation is the change in quality of soil (reduction of capacity to support plants), and erosion is when soil particles are carried away. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Non-consumptive vs consumptive water |
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Definition
Non-comsumptive - Water may be "tainted", but still available. Ex industrial waste water, etc.
Consumptive - Water does not return to source (ex: evaporates and moves) |
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Term
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Definition
| Where freshwater mixes with saltwater and is used productively |
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Term
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Definition
| the upper surface of groundwater |
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Term
| falling water table means ___ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
gradual settling or sudden sinking of earths materials (ex: sinkholes)
[image] |
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Term
| Greatest threat to irrigated agriculture |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Plants that don't need extra water |
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Term
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Definition
| slightly dirtied water from sinks, etc |
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Term
| 40% of US land drains into the ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Point-source pollution vs non-point source |
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Definition
| defined (waste from factory) and easy to see, vs hard to define and hard to see (agriculture runoff) |
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Term
| the two most important nutrients for aquatic plant growth |
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Definition
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Term
| Nutrients become pollutants when ______ |
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Definition
| They simulate undesired growth in water |
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Term
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Definition
| Overgrowth of organisms (ex: algae bloom) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Farmers grow food for themselves (limited trade). |
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Term
| Slash-and-burn agriculture |
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Definition
| Burn forest, use ash as nutrient topsoil |
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Term
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Definition
| Technologies in the 1940s/50s that expanded food production |
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Term
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Definition
| subsistence farmers who constantly move their livestock (similar to nomads that serve themselves) |
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Term
| Undernourishment vs malnutrition |
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Definition
Undernourishment = lack of calories
malnutrition = lack of nutrients |
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Term
| Modern agriculture can be thought of as unsustainable. Why? |
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Definition
| It damages the ecosystems around us |
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Term
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Definition
| Organism that interferes with human activity |
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Term
| Integrated pest management (IPM) |
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Definition
| Combines chemical and ecological control to manage pests |
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Term
| Pesticide use has (increased/decreased) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Harmful chemicals get more concentrated (biomass example) |
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Term
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Definition
| multiple factors work together to create a common outcome |
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Term
| Primary vs secondary energy sources |
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Definition
Primary -> comes from nature (sun)
Secondary -> stored (electric) |
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Term
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Definition
| Fractures shale to release trapped gas |
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Term
| Nuclear Power Plant # in the US |
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Definition
| Has been stagnant since 1970s |
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Term
| Nuclear Energy is made by __ |
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Definition
| a the nuclear reaction, so energy is released gradually as heat |
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Term
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Definition
| Fission is atom splitting. Fusion is atom joining |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Hydropower - how it works |
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Definition
| dams under high pressure generate energy |
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Term
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Definition
| reflectivity of Earth’s surface to sunlight |
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Term
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Definition
| Unstable isotopes become stable by ejection of particles and radiation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Energy derived from present-day photosynthesis |
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Term
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Definition
| Electrical device that converts energy of light to electricity |
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Term
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Definition
| How much energy a gas will absorb or retain in the atmosphere |
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Term
| Methane heats ____ more effectively than Co2 |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Effects of temperature and salinity on density of seawater |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Primary vs secondary pollutants |
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Definition
| primary - direct products of combustion and evaporation (ex: CO, lead, etc) Secondary - formed by primary (ex: ozone) |
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Term
| Industrial vs photochemical smog |
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Definition
Industrial - An irritating, grayish mix of soot, sulfur compounds, and water
vapor (ex: china)
Photochemical - Brownish, irritating haze in warm areas. Arises during morning traffic in big cities.
[image] |
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Term
In the troposphere, temperatures _____ with height
In the stratosphere, they _____ with height |
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Definition
| decrease in troposphere, increase in stratosphere |
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Term
| Temperature inversion (definition and affects) |
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Definition
Temperatures increase as you go up in troposphere
Causes pollution to build up |
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Term
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Definition
| Precipitation with pH < 5.5 |
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Term
| Which places are urbanizing the fastest? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Regional center for a whole area |
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Term
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Definition
| Rural residents are poorer and have less access to healthcare |
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Term
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Definition
| Squatter area made of plywood and sheets of metal and plastic |
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Term
|
Definition
| Suburbs, low density residential areas |
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