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| System of bondage in which a slave has legal status of property so they can be bought and sold like property |
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| Idea that God chooses certain people for salvation before they are born |
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| Group of English Protestants who in the 16th and 17th centuries thought the Protestant Reformation under Queen Elizabeth I was incomplete |
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| Members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France (or French Calvinists) from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries |
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| Practice of marriage by a man with multiple wives |
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| Senecas, Cayugas, Onondagas, Oneidas, and Mohawks are the five nations that rose in power rapidly |
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| Dutch colony that flourished as a fur-trading enterprise |
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| English colonies in the Chesapeake Bay region that created a society based on tobacco |
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| Company that King James I gave the purposes of establishing settlements on the coast of North America in 1606 |
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| First permanent English settlement founded in 1607 |
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| Time when Jamestown was at a period of forced starvation due to the Powhatan Confederacy. The campaign killed 140 of the 200 colonists during the winter of 1609–1610 |
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| Formed 1619, could make laws and levy taxes |
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| Maryland Toleration Acts (1649) |
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| Granted Christians right to follow their own religion and church services |
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| Colony and Dominion of Virginia and Province of Maryland, both colonies located in British America centered around Chesapeake Bay |
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| A laborer under contract to an employer for a fixed period of time, typically in exchange for their transportation, food, clothing etc. |
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| Allowed only English or colonial-owned ship to enter American ports |
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| Property owned in its entirety, without feudal dues or landlord obligations. |
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| Citizens of the colonies capable of taking up arms and reinforcing a regular army |
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| 1620-1640s where thousands of puritans fled to America in a quest for land to preserve "pure" Christian faith |
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| Group of people led by William Bradford to America in 1620 aboard the Mayflower, settled near Cape Cod |
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| Puritans who left the Church of England |
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| Anglican Church: the national church of England |
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| Member of an Anglican church; Relating to the Church of England, or one of several related churches |
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| First American constitution. States "combine ourselves together in a civill body politick" |
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| Financial organization devised by English merchants around 1550 that facilitated the colonization of North America |
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| Colony formed by the Pilgrims when they arrived at Plymouth Rock in 1620 |
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| Settled 1630 by English Puritans led by John Winthrop as a colony separate from the Plymouth colony |
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| English Puritan Revolution and English Civil War (1642 - 1649) |
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| Scottish army invades England with thousand of Puritans demanding reform of the established church and greater authority for Parliament. King Charles I executed in 1649 |
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| Salem Witchcraft trials held in 1692 where 175 are arrested and tried but 19 executed |
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| 1630 - 1700 where General Courts of Massachusetts Bay and Connecticut bestowed the title to each township on a group of settlers who distributed land among male heads of families. |
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| Group of settlers who received land grants from the General Courts of Massachusetts Bay and Connecticut during 1630 - 1720, who distributed land among themselves. |
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| System of local government in New England where male heads met to elect selectmen, levy local taxes, regulate markets, roads, and schools |
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| Group of Indians that attacked English farmers who invaded their lands in Connecticut River Valley 1636 |
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| A system where landlords leased out thousands of acres to tenant farmers in exchange for rent, a quarter of the value of all improvements, and a number of days of personal service |
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| King Charles II established a string of new settlements when he ascended the English throne |
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| Group of people who wanted to restore Christianity to early simplicity and spirituality and were Pacifists |
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| Christian sect founded by George Fox about 1660; AKA Quakers |
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| Islands between North and South America that cultivated sugar and got turned into slave based plantations. |
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| Ultimate authority is in the hands of a king who claimed rule by divine right |
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| Protestant Christian churches in which each independently and autonomously runs its own affairs |
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| Glorious Revolution of 1688 |
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| Protestant bishops and parliamentary leaders in the Whig Party led a quick and bloodless coup when James' wife gives birth to a son. |
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| Whigs are often described as one of the two original political parties (the other being the Tories) |
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| (1686–89) a short-lived administrative union of English colonies in the New England region of North America |
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| Acquiring of furs to Europe where felt hats and fur garments were in great demand |
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| System in Brazil and West Indies. Sugar was primary product |
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| West Indian island that had extensive amounts of arable land |
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| Owners of British West Indian Plantations that lived in England, where they spent their profits |
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| Most powerful fleet in Europe |
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| Coastal areas of present Togo, Benin, and western Nigeria. |
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| The brutal sea voyage from Africa to the Americas in the 18th and 19th centuries |
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| New plantations based on African slavery instead of indentured servants |
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| An estate where cash crops are grown on a large scale |
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| An African American custom related to wedding ceremonies where marrying couples will end their ceremonies by jumping over a broomstick. |
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| South Carolina's largest slave uprising of 1739 when the governor of the Spanish colony of Florida promised freedom to fugitive slaves. |
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| Man who failed a post with the Board of Trade, passed over three times for the royal governorship of Virginia, and failed to marry a women. His experience mirrors many others due to lack of colonial status |
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| Refined but elaborate lifestyle |
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| Credit slips used in the 18th century by British manufacturers, West Indian planters, and American Merchants in place of currency to settle transactions |
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| Route the slave ships took from Europe to West Africa, then to the Caribbean and the Americas and finally back to Europe |
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| Representative (colonial) Assemblies |
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| Standard of representative government |
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| British Policy during King George I and George II that allowed the rise of American self-government |
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| Lower house of the British parliament |
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| Sir Robert Walpole declares war on Spain (1739-1741) that was an unsuccessful attack on Spain's empire in North America |
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| Colonies were able to export fish and farm products to French islands but were to give a higher price advantage to British sugar planters |
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| Prohibited colonies from establishing new land banks and prohibited use of paper money to pay private debts |
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| Oldest born son gets the entire family estate |
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| Descendants of Germanic people who emigrated to the U.S., from Germany and Switzerland |
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| The descendants of the Presbyterian Scots who had been placed in Ireland by British rulers in the 17th Century |
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| Movement that advocated the use of reason and individualism instead of tradition and established doctrine |
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| A religious revival in American religious history |
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| Belief that God created the world but allowed it to work through laws of nature |
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| Christian movement that emphasized "pious" behavior |
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| Outburst of religious enthusiasm, often prompted by preaching of a charismatic Baptist or Methodist minister |
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| People who were eager to follow and spread George Whitefield's message throughout their communities |
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| King's College (Columbia) |
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| College founded by New York Anglicans in 1754 |
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| Dutch Reformed Church that subsidized Queen's College (Rutgers) in New Jersey 1766 |
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| College of New Jersey founded by New Light Presbyterians in 1746 |
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| A form of Protestant Christianity based on Calvinism |
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| Albany Plan of Union of 1754 |
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| Plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin to delegates at Albany. A continental assembly that would manage trade, Indian policy, and defense in the West, and so increase British influence there |
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| When Britain mounted major offensives in India, North America, and West Africa |
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| War between Great Britain and France in North America from 1754 to 1763 |
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| War in Europe with France, Spain, and Austria against Britain and Prussia |
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| Where 2000 British regulars and Virginia militiamen march into deadly ambush July 1755 |
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| Britain's Industrial Revolution |
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| By 1750, became first county to use manufacturing technology and work discipline to expand output |
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| South Carolina Regulators |
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| Group of landowning vigilantes who tried to suppress outlaw bands of whites that were stealing their cattle and property |
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| A vigilante group that murdered twenty Native Americans in an event called the Conestoga Massacre |
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| Prohibited white settlements west of the Appalachians |
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