Term
| Which are the thick and thin myofilaments? |
|
Definition
thick= myosin
thin= actin |
|
|
Term
| What is the order from largest unit to smallest unit of muscle? (6) |
|
Definition
muscle
fasicle
fiber
myofibril
myofilaments
sarcomere |
|
|
Term
| WHat connective tissue layer surrounds the muscle itself? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHat connective tissue surrounds the fasicle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What connective tissue surrounds each fiber of muscle? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What histological feature of the tendon makes it not a good idea to take a biopsy from the myotendinous junction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where in the muscle do you not want to take a biopsy? |
|
Definition
| the myotendinous junction |
|
|
Term
| What is the normal transverse shape of the muscle fiber? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are the organelles located within the muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the stem cells of the muscle cells called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHere are the satellite cells found within the muscle? |
|
Definition
| within the basement membrane of the muscle fiber |
|
|
Term
| What occurs to the satellite cells with increasing age? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between the number of nuclei in a muscle cell and a satellite cell? |
|
Definition
muscle cell is multicellular
satellite cell has a single nucleus |
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|
Term
| WHat is the light band of the muscle fiber in longitudinal section? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which band does not get smaller when the muscle contracts? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What color fiber is type one and why? |
|
Definition
| red becuase of increased myoglobin and being more vascular |
|
|
Term
| What type of twitch is type I fiber? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of fiber has more mitochondria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fiber is dark on SDH stain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of fixing must be done to muscle to see enzyme activity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of fiber has increased lipid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHich type of fiber has increased glycogen/phosphatase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHich fiber is darker on ATPase stain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why does muscle stain with ATPase stain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the ratio of type 2 to type 1 fibers? |
|
Definition
| 2:1 there are more fast twitch |
|
|
Term
| Which muscle proximal or distal has larger fiber radius? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the size of the type 2 vs. type 1 fibers in a male? |
|
Definition
| type 2 fibers are larger than type I |
|
|
Term
| Which sex has larger fibers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is true of female type one and two fiber size? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What age is the peak diameter of muscle size? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what age does the muscle strength decrease about 50%? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHat fiber mostly atrophies as one ages? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is an electrodiagnosis with nerve conduction or EMG a first line test? |
|
Definition
| less invasive then a biopsy |
|
|
Term
| What does latency mean when doing nerve conduction test? |
|
Definition
| the time between stimulating the nerve and when the CAMP occurs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| compound motor action potential |
|
|
Term
| If there is slower conduction what will be true of the latency? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IF stimulated at the elbow and the wrist, what should be true of the CMAP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the characteristic of the normal action potential of muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHat occurs when the needle for the nerve conduction test is inserted into the muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does it mean if the insertional activity is prolonged with increased amplitude? |
|
Definition
| denervation or myotonia (membrane instability) |
|
|
Term
| What does the amplitude mean? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the duration of the action potential indicate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What occurs to fibers in denervation? |
|
Definition
| they get smaller and the density gets larger |
|
|
Term
| When does type grouping occur? |
|
Definition
| when reinnervation occurs and one type takes over for the other |
|
|
Term
| After denervated for 10 days what can occur to the muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does a bimodel histogram indicate about muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are four causes for type 2 atrophy? |
|
Definition
aging
myasthemia gravis
steriods
disuse of the muscle |
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