Term
| what is a pulley system to remove water |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of civilization is egypt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which way does the nile flow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the the deshret mean? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the black land of irrigation |
|
|
Term
| what is the ancient egyptian word for egypt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| arabic qubt derived from greek aiguptios which is from egyptian hout ka ptah memphis capitla of egypt |
|
|
Term
| where does the white nile flow from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the blue nile flow from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where do the two niles meet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when was the annual inundation |
|
Definition
| fist seen in aswan end of june, reaches its full height in cairo at the end of september |
|
|
Term
| what is considered to be a good inundation |
|
Definition
| 7.6 m above low water level in april |
|
|
Term
| which depiction is for going north on the nile |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what depiction to go south on the nile |
|
Definition
| use sails to sail upstream |
|
|
Term
| where is sandstone found in egypt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is limestone found in egypt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the underbed rock of egypt? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are stone natural resources of egypt |
|
Definition
| lime stone sandstone grantie |
|
|
Term
| what are metals found in egypt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is lumber imported from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the four ways to determine time |
|
Definition
| agricultural calendar, lunar, astronomical, royal anals and documents |
|
|
Term
| how was the royal date formula |
|
Definition
| year x, month y of season z, day ww, in the reign of the dual king (nn) may he live and be prosperous and healthy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 10 day week of ancient egypt |
|
|
Term
| what is the inundation season |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the winter season |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the summer season |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many months are in an egyptian season |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many weeks are in a month |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many days are in a year |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when is the emergence of sothis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when does akhet coincide with sothis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 4 kings lists? |
|
Definition
| table of karnak, table of abydos, turin canon, table of saqqara |
|
|
Term
| which kings list divides into dynasties |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who wrote the first history of egypt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many dynasties did manetho of ptolemy II have in egypt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are 5 royal annals and inscriptions |
|
Definition
| palermo stone, kamose stela, thutmosis III annals, Tutankhamuns restoration decree, merneptahs israel stela |
|
|
Term
| what two auto bigographys do wer have and when |
|
Definition
| weni the elder old kingdom, ahomse son of ibana new kingdom |
|
|
Term
| who are the three founders of the 3 kingdoms of egypt? |
|
Definition
| menes old kingdom, mentuhotep II-neheptre middle, ahmose new |
|
|
Term
| when are the intermediate periods |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when is after the 3rd intermediate period |
|
Definition
| late period, greco-roman period |
|
|
Term
| what are the problems with egyptian chronology |
|
Definition
| incompleteness of sources, cyclical time keeping, counting regnal years, co regencies, king lists leave out rulers. |
|
|
Term
| when was the tansition from food gathering to food producing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when was the last great wet phase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the order of lower egypt neolithic cultures |
|
Definition
| fayyum A, merimde, El-omari, Maadi, buto |
|
|
Term
| where is the first evidence of red polished pottery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where were silos and graneries first found |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what did the fayyum a culture domesticate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the first evidence of a fully sedentary life |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in merimde where are the dead buried |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the first evidence of maceheads |
|
Definition
| merimde evoke asiatic ones |
|
|
Term
| where is the village life first organized |
|
Definition
| merimde, houses in rows, evidence of fishing |
|
|
Term
| how are the dead buried in el-omari culture |
|
Definition
| mat lined pits, feutus position, head south face west |
|
|
Term
| where are the dead buried in el-omari |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are grave goods first discovered |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is always found in an el-omari grave |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| whose pottery first evokes palestinian styles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are donkeys first found |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the first evidence of agriculture and herding and advanced craft specialization |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are copper axe heads first found |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which culture in the north was an entrepot for trading |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when was lower egyptian aterial replaced by upper egyptian material? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 upper egypt cultures? |
|
Definition
| badarian, naqada 1, naqada II |
|
|
Term
S
what was the way of life for badarian |
|
Definition
| semi sedentry, pastorialsts, hunters fishers but some agriculture |
|
|
Term
| what was a typical grave of badarian |
|
Definition
| oval or rectangular pit roofed over with sticks or matting. body is clothed and given jewelry and ornaments |
|
|
Term
| where were the first stone palettes found |
|
Definition
| badarian, along with ivory spoons and combs |
|
|
Term
| where is the earliest attestiation of riverine funerary beliefs |
|
Definition
| badarian, 3 clay boat models found |
|
|
Term
| was there social stratification in the badarian |
|
Definition
| no, but some people had more grave goods |
|
|
Term
| what was badarian pottery like |
|
Definition
| reddish brown with a black area around he rim |
|
|
Term
| where are he first images of the human form |
|
Definition
| more female than male and also animals in badarian |
|
|
Term
| where are the first animal burials |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| does naqada 1 have a change in burial fom badarian |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what was naqada 1 pottery like |
|
Definition
| red with white decorations, as well as badarian black top reddish brown |
|
|
Term
| where is lapis lazuli from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are there advances in stone cutting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the evolution of complex social and ecom=nomical institutions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is increased urbanization |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is socail stratification expressed and where |
|
Definition
| varied size and design of naqada 2 tombs and grave goods |
|
|
Term
| where is the most complex pottery with boat designs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 ceremonial objects of naqada 2 |
|
Definition
gebel el arak knife
macehead of king scorpion
narmer palette |
|
|
Term
| when is the cultural unification of eygpt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where was the road to westernasia and sinai |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where was the route to the oasis in the western desert and the road of forty days |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| directly opposite the western end of the wadi hamamat and the road to the red sea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is monumantal architecture of the neolithic foreign influence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are some forgeign artistic motifs |
|
Definition
| fabulous animals with intertwined necks, boats of mespotamian design, cylinde seals, writing, pottery styles |
|
|
Term
| what 2 things didnt concern the gyptian artist |
|
Definition
individuality and orginality.
all about fitting in |
|
|
Term
| was egyptian art practical or artistic |
|
Definition
| practical, ritual, religious, social. |
|
|
Term
| how was consistency in representation achieved in art |
|
Definition
| canon of proportion. grids |
|
|
Term
| how many squares is a standing figure and a sitting one and does it change? |
|
Definition
| 18, 14, yes akhenaten 20 s, then back, then after the late peroid |
|
|
Term
| what does aspective and perspective mean |
|
Definition
| aspective the artist renders the entiety of the object, perspective is what you can physiclly see |
|
|
Term
| what views does art combine |
|
Definition
frontal and profile
two-dimensional image is a “hieroglyph” or symbol à abbreviated way of
conveying the greatest amount of information with a minimum of effort
à Show as many “important” aspects as possible
à Relates to issues such as gender, status, in-group vs. outsiders à |
|
|
Term
| what are the differences between men and women |
|
Definition
| men larger, women yellow, men red |
|
|
Term
| are foreigners depicted the same in egyptian art |
|
Definition
Question of decorum à elite vs. non-elite / Egyptian vs. foreigner
à the latter two less bound by rules/canon. |
|
|
Term
| royal figures are depicted in art |
|
Definition
| larger, main character, distinguishable by their crowns, scepter, dress, contact with gods |
|
|
Term
| why do block statues appear |
|
Definition
religious and practical significance
ressurecion symbolism, large surface for texts |
|
|
Term
| when is older figures in art and large ears appear |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when do block statues appear |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
when ae
Distorted” forms of royal family: scholarly debate whether genetic disorder or artistic expression of "change" on a fundamental level
· Introduction of movement, scenes of nature, affection, new gestures, new dress appear
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are some aspects of the late period |
|
Definition
| individualism- more portraits, variety of materials, usurption, imitation of earlier periods, |
|
|
Term
| when was the nubian style found in art |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when was the persian dress and gestures found in art |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what family is the egyptian language from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when do hieroglyphs appear? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pictograms and phonograms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sound sign
bee+leaf
belief |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| alphabetic sign of one consonant |
|
|
Term
| what is a bilateral hieroglyph |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are 3 consonants in hieroglyphs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| are vowels written in hieroglyphs |
|
Definition
| no, weak consonants until copyic then greek introduction |
|
|
Term
| what is each egyptian word follwed with |
|
Definition
and ideo gram a sign that derterimines-derterminative what kind of word you were dealing with
aka sun with day or time |
|
|
Term
| what are the four scripts of egyptian writing |
|
Definition
| hieroglyph, hieratic, demotic, coptic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cursive form of hieroglyph used for everyday letters and administration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| more cursive form of hieratic, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| last lanuage to be spoken and written in egypt. greek alphabet capitals only and 6 extra signs for letters unknown to greek aka- h |
|
|
Term
| who and when found the rosetta stone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the rosetta stone |
|
Definition
| decree in 196 BCE of king ptolemy written in greek demotic and hieroglyphs |
|
|
Term
| who decoded the rosetta stone |
|
Definition
jean francois champollion
found the proper names of kings and qeens in cartoches.
address to the french academy 1822 |
|
|
Term
| sequnece of dynasty 0 rulers |
|
Definition
| scorpion, hat-hor, irjhorm sekhen/ka, scorpion 2, narmer |
|
|
Term
| where is the oldest monumental temple |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where was the narmer palette found |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the narmer palette mean |
|
Definition
first battle of the unification, now it is believed as the ruler who united egypt to be Hor-aha who may have been narmers son
much later royal iconography |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The Horus Narmer: “The Nasty Catfish”
· The Horus Aha: “The Fighter”
· The Horus Djer: “The Strong One”
· The Horus Djet: “The Cobra”
· The Horus Den: “The (Head) Cutter”
· The Horus Andjib: “The Slaughterer of Hearts” |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hetepsekhemuy Sened
Nebra/Raneb (= Weneg) Peribsen
Nynetjer Khasekhemwy
|
|
|
Term
| where are early kings buried in dynasty 1 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who has the first attestiation of the god ra |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when does the royal necropolis move to saqara |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which dynasty 2 kings are buried at abydos |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| king of the two powers appear |
|
Definition
| hasekhemwy, seems to convey an appreciation of the gods horus and seth as the representatives of hierakonpolis and ombos |
|
|
Term
| where are the first signs of egypts imperialistic philosophy |
|
Definition
| dynasty 2. harassment of neighbours, king dens ivory label, king khasekhemwys battle statue and king djers graffico in nubia |
|
|
Term
| what is the pharaohs role |
|
Definition
| link between the gods and the humans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| to maintian cosmic equilibrum the pharaoh was put to maat of justice, and righteousness. personified as the daughter of amun re. king is there by the gods to maintain maat. therefore the king is a son of the sungod re later amun re |
|
|
Term
| myth that placed the monarch parallel to the gods |
|
Definition
| was horus son of osisris and isis. son of re, ruled like re on earth in his place. these divine attributes are gifts of the gods. |
|
|
Term
| what are the five elements of the royal titulary |
|
Definition
| horus, nebty, horus of gold, niswt biti, sa-re |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pharaoh is an embodiment of horus on earth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| king is protected by the two ladies and the crowns of upper and lower egypt |
|
|
Term
| name of king horus of gold |
|
Definition
still debated; may have something to do with the early cultic
center of the god Seth, Nubet/Ombos (Eg. nub = “gold”) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| niswt-biti stresses the political instituiton of kingship given at acession. prenomen |
|
|
Term
| what is a prenomen of a king |
|
Definition
| niswt-biti. new kingdom compounded with the divine name Re |
|
|
Term
| what is the nomen of the king |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nomen of king, personal or birth name. emphasizes direct decent of the king from the sungod which is a link to legitimacy. aka amenhotep, thuthmose |
|
|
Term
| what is the crown of upper egypt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| whta is the crown of lower egypt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the crown of unified egypt |
|
Definition
double
red-lower, white upper |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
headress of the deceased ruler and son and rep of re.
stripes, lions mane |
|
|
Term
| what is the crown of osiris |
|
Definition
| atef, representative of re |
|
|
Term
| what is the helemet crown of pharaoh |
|
Definition
| blue crown which appeared from the new kingdome onwards. |
|
|
Term
| where is the first appearence of the red crown of l egypt |
|
Definition
| in naqada 1 in upper egypt |
|
|
Term
| where is the first appearence of cheifs and rulers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the constuction of monuments as well as drafting of military require? |
|
Definition
centrally administer state unified
belief system to encourage such projects aka myth pof the dvine king |
|
|
Term
what were the reasons for the shape of the pyramid
|
|
Definition
stairway to heaven
ladder to sky
suns rays |
|
|
Term
| what period were mastabas used? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what were the construction stages of the step pyramid |
|
Definition
| mastaba, lengthen mastaba, 4 tier pyramid, 6 tier pyramid |
|
|
Term
| what was the first use of stone in monumental architecture |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the bent pyramid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| giza, sphinx, 2000m long causeway |
|
|
Term
| menkaure/mycerinus pyramid |
|
Definition
| giza, palace facade carvings on walls, smaller but more complex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the mature pyramid complex |
|
Definition
valley temple
causeway
morturary temple attached to east face of pyramid
tomb shaft and burial chamber
ka pyramid in south east
cedar boats buried near eouth east |
|
|
Term
| what is a redistributive economy |
|
Definition
| goods collected from estates brought to palace and redistributed where neccessary. |
|
|
Term
| what is the egyptian attitude to death |
|
Definition
| avoid eternal death in the next life so you must take along your possessions, maintain individuals life after death with continued contact. |
|
|
Term
| what does it mean to go west |
|
Definition
| to the place of sunset and the realm of the god of the dead osiris |
|
|
Term
| what was the transistion to death |
|
Definition
mummification
accumulation of arcane knowledge of the afterlife
attesting to ones life in accordance with maat in the judgement before osiris
|
|
|
Term
| what is the 4 aspects of the soul |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| effective part of person luminous in hereafter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the shadow or ghost of the dead |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| could you interact with the dead |
|
Definition
| yes through tombs, through cult or by visiting them in their sleep |
|
|
Term
| what is the egyptian sky thought to be? |
|
Definition
| vast aquatic expanse and replica of the river nile. the sungod re traveled in boats |
|
|
Term
| what is the earth surrounded by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is creation for the egyptians |
|
Definition
creation of firm matter from primeval water, nun primeval ocean.
differentiatation of unity into diversity |
|
|
Term
| what is the heliopolitan creation myth |
|
Definition
| begetting of duality. shu-light/air and tefnut-form/humidity/fire, form unity the one creator gd atum-nothing/finish/end. these gods beget sky and earth nut and geb, they father osiris, seth, isis and nepthys. king is embodied by horus son of osiris and isis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
preserve the body as a house for the soul
70 days of mummification reflects the absence of orion-osiris from sky |
|
|
Term
| what are the two parts of a tomb |
|
Definition
| tomb for the deceased and a chapel for the interaction between family and friends. |
|
|
Term
| what is the focal point of the tomb chapel |
|
Definition
| false door appearence of deceased to recieve offereings |
|
|
Term
| what are the three types of funerary literature |
|
Definition
| pyramid text, coffin text, book of the dead. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| celestial solar and stellar hearafter spells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
first maps of hearafter. first images of desert and undergroung realms
democratization of the royal hearafter |
|
|
Term
| what is th ebook of the dead |
|
Definition
| focal point is judgement of the dead |
|
|
Term
| what are the underworld books |
|
Definition
| collective term that describes a number of compositions that appear in the new kingdom. destiny of sungod at night. and his journey through the netherworld |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many canopic jars are there? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| external existence of the king |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
to not rot
to not do work |
|
|
Term
| when are graneries no longer communal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are children buried in merimde culture? |
|
Definition
| underneath the floor of the home |
|
|
Term
| what is merimde pottery decorated with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when are subterrenean settlemesnt first found |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the three types of maadi houses? |
|
Definition
subterrenean
surface circular hut
rectangular |
|
|
Term
| when is the cemetary divided by wealth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what was badarian pottery |
|
Definition
| black topware rippled surface simple forms |
|
|
Term
| important sites of naqada 1 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when were people first puried in linen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when were the first statues found |
|
Definition
| naqada 1. marks tombs as special. men with hats or beards. |
|
|
Term
| what types of mace heads were found in naqada 1 |
|
Definition
| egg shaped and tulip shaped. |
|
|
Term
| where were giant vats of beer found |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the first evidence of human sacrifice |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when was the first use of wooden and clay coffins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the earliest symbol of kingship |
|
Definition
naqada 2 hierankonpolis
man stangling two lions |
|
|
Term
| when is the rippled flake knife made |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is art like during the armarna period |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sand lime natron material valuable but is easy to makeceramic |
|
|
Term
| what does the word hiertic mean |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are palace facades first found |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who moves the capital to memphis in the dynasty 1 |
|
Definition
| heb-seb, burial still at abydos |
|
|
Term
| what king strongly associates himself with seth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the regalia of the king |
|
Definition
| hequa sceptre/hook, the flail, the was-sceptre, the bulls tail, the uraeus upright cobra |
|
|
Term
| what is the oldest name of the pharaoh |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the two ladies names in the kings name titualy |
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| what does mastaba mean in arabic |
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| first king to bear title son of re |
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| who built the pyramid at giza out of red granite |
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| who builds a valley temple out of white alabaster stone |
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