Term
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Definition
| Neurobehavioral development disorder, impulsivity/inattention/hyperactivity, adults do not show motor hyperactivity, show abnormally small prefrontal cortex and caudate, alcohol/tobacco use in pregnancy and genetic factors |
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Term
| Normal Difficult Behavior 6-12 |
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Definition
| arguments/fights, genitalia curiosity, testing limits, poor attention span, worrying about accepted, lying, no responsibility |
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Term
| Normal Difficult Behavior 13-18 |
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Definition
| moody, less attention/affection to parents, self-involved, peer conflicts, relationship stress, testing limits, identity searching, substance experimentation, sex preoccupation |
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Term
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Definition
| IQ<70, onset before 18 yo, Mild form (85%, IQ 50-70), Moderate form (10%, IQ 35-50), Severe form (3%, IQ 20-40), profound form (1-2%, IQ<25), global deficits |
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Term
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Definition
| must be relapsed from previous potty training, encopresis (feces) >4 y.o. with or without incontinence/constipation, enuresis (urine) >5 y.o. nocturnal/diurnal/both |
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Term
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Definition
| Pica (eating nonnutritive substances >1 mo with vitamin deficiencies of Fe/Zn), Rumination disorder (regurgitating and rechewing ood >1mo) |
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Term
| Oppositional Defiant Disorder |
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Definition
| negative/hostile/defiant behavior >6mo, 4 of temper/arguing/defying rules/annoying/blames others/easily annoyed/angre or resentful/spiteful or vindictive, more common male than femal 2/3:1, look for ADHD/depression/MR |
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Term
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Definition
| behavior >12mo, 3 of aggression/destruction/deceit/rules violations/impaired, must be <18yo, more common in males 3/5:1, childhood (<10) and adolescent (>10) onset, can become Antisocial Personality Disorder |
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Term
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Definition
| 6 or more inattentive items/hyperactive or impulsive items, >6 months of impairment before 7yo, comorbid ODD/conduct disorder/anxiety/depression/bipolar, irritable/hyperactive/accelerated speech/distracted, NOT elated/grandiose/flight of ideas/less sleep/hypersexual, monitor height/weight/BP/HR while on stimulants, can treat with a-agonists (improved prefrontal function) |
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Term
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Definition
| sudden/rapid/recurrent/nonrhythmic motor or vocal movements, onset <18yo, >1 yr, never free more than 3mo, treat with a-agonishts/SSRIs/antipsychotis, Chronic motor/vocal tic disorder (single or multiple motor OR vocal tics), Tourette's Syndrome (multiple motor AND vocal tics), Transient Tic Disorder (motor/vocal tics every day for >4wk), Tic Disorder NOS (only partial criteria) |
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Term
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Definition
| 2 qualitative social interactions impairments, 1 qualitative communication impairment, 1 repetitive behavior/interests/activiaties, must have >6 symptoms, more common in males, 75% MR, 25-30% seizures, increased head growth in 1st yr, treat aggression, teach communication/behavior skills/family intervention, caused by genetic and prenatal/perinatal exposure |
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Term
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Definition
| 2 qualitative social interaction impairments, 1 repetitive behavior/interest/activity, NO communication or cognitive disabilities, treat similar to autism with better outcome, more common in males |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of language/motor abilities between 6-18mo, more common in females, truncal incordination and flapping, 80& hav MeCp2 mutation on X chromosome acquired after conception |
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Term
| Childhood Disintegrative Disorder |
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Definition
| normal development to 2yo, loss of language/behavior/bowel or bladder control/motor skills, abnormal function of 2 of social interaction/communication/behavior patterns |
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Term
| Major Depressive Disorder |
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Definition
| more common in adolescent females 4:1, heredity of 1 affectively ill patient, 5 or more of SIGECAPS, 4-6 weeks before antidepressants work |
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Term
| Childhood-onset Schizophrenia |
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Definition
| <13 yo, hallucinations/delusions/disorganized behavior or speech, more common in males 2:1, gradual onset, contributions from genetics/family stress/depression, treat with antipsychotics/social skills training/family intervention, poor prognosis |
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Term
| Early-onset Schizophrenia |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| excessive anxiety >6 mo, with irritability/aches/sleep difficulty/restless/decreased concentration/fatigue, NO decreased interest/decreased appetite/decreased esteem/suicide |
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Term
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Definition
| abrupt (<10min) episodes of intense anxiety, worry of implications of attacks, palpitations/chest pain/dizziness/faintness/overbreathing/nausea |
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Term
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Definition
| recurrent obsessions or behaviors, usually aware of excessive/unreasonable nature, markedly distressed, checking/counting/washing/collecting/doubting/symmetry preoccupation |
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Term
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Definition
| fear of social embarrassment, excessive and interferes with routing functions |
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Term
| Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) |
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Definition
| re-lives trauma through flashbacks/nightmares/images/thoughts/dreams/cues, avoidance and numbing, >1 mo of symptoms, insomnia/irritability/hypervigilance/startled/decreased concentration |
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Term
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Definition
| same as PTS but 2days-4weeks, 3 or more of detachment/decreased awareness/derealization/depersonalization/amnesia |
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Term
| Medical causes of anxiety |
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Definition
| thyroid, hypoglycemia, CHF, pheochromocytoma, COPD, pulmonary embolus, arrhythmia |
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Term
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Definition
| often secondary to psychiatric illness, limbic involvement (amygdala), intended to relax/induce drowsiness and sleep |
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Term
| Bleuler's 4 A's of schizophrenia |
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Definition
| autism, ambivalence, affect, associations |
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Term
| Psychotic Dimension of schizophrenia |
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Definition
| positive symptoms with distortion/exaggerated functions, loss of ego boundaries, unable to distinguish between internal/external, hallucinations (auditory most common, visual usually anatomic/metabolic cause), delusions (disturbance in inferential thinking) |
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Term
| Disorganized Dimension of schizophrenia |
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Definition
| distortion of normal behaviors, disorganized speech, specific thought symptoms, disorganized/catatonic motor behavior (uncontrolled or aimless), incongruous affect does not match circumstances |
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Term
| Negative Dimension of schizophrenia |
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Definition
| deficiency of mental function, similar to depression, lack of insight, premorbid adjustment corresponds to poor prognosis, comorbid substance abuse |
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Term
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Definition
| preoccupied with delusions/hallucinations, NO prominent disorganized behavior/flat affect |
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Term
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Definition
| disorganized speech and inappropriate affect, fragmented delusions/hallucinations, silly and childlike, early onset, negative symptoms progress, poor premorbid adaptation and prognosis |
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Term
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Definition
| motor/sensory/verbal symptoms, early onset, most chronic course, poor social functioning, less common now |
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Term
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Definition
| chronic, usually begins in adolescence, developmental delay and preference for solitary play, prodromal phase (gradual onset of social withdrawal/changes in behavior), active phase (psychotic symptoms predominate, diagnosis is made), residual phase (episodic exacerbated symptoms, may relapse into active phase), positive symptoms evolve into negative symptoms, deteriorating and never regain baseline functions |
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Term
| Indicators of poor schizophrenia prognosis |
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Definition
| social isolation, long active phase, history of episodes/treatment, unmarried, behavioral problems in childhood |
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Term
| Schizophrenia epidemiology |
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Definition
| prevlance rates similar internationally, males more common and earlier onset, lower socioeconomic status, 3/10 attempt suicide, 1/10 complete suicide |
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Term
| Schizophrenia pathophysiology |
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Definition
| genetic prevalence with family, ventricular enlargement (not diagnostic), disrupted functional circuits (PET scans help), disrupted feedback loops in prefrontal (executive function)/thalamus (filter)/ cerebellum (coordinating), possible disturbed neuronal migration, hyperactive dopamine circuit |
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Term
| Schizophreniform Disorder |
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Definition
| schizophrenia symptoms 1-6mo, prevents premature schizophrenia diagnosis |
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Term
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Definition
| concurrent schizophrenia with mood disorder |
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Term
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Definition
| well-systemized non-bizarre delusion, delusions in absence of full schizophrenia symptoms, erotomanic (in love with)/grandiose/jealous/persecuotry/somatic delusions, may be mixed/unspecified/shared |
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Term
| Positive Psychosis symptoms |
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Definition
| hallucinations, delusions, extreme emotion, thought disorder, excited motor activity |
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Term
| Negative Psychotic Symptoms |
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Definition
| apathy, social withdrawal, self neglect, blunt affect, lack of emotion |
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