Term
| How man pairs of nerves originate from the CNS to form the PNS |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two divisions of the nervous system? |
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Definition
| the central and peripheral nervous system |
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Term
| How many cranial nerves are there? |
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Definition
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Term
| what part of the nerve cell is protected by protective sheaths? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the cells that make up the sheaths to protect the axon? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| It is a collection of nerve cells |
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Term
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Definition
| They conduct impulses from senory neurons to motor neurons |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The gaps in the myelin sheaths are known as? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are myelinated axons faster or slower than non-myelinated axons? |
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Definition
| they are faster than non-myelinated axons because of saltatory conduction |
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Term
| What are the well known neurotransmitters? |
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Definition
| acetycholine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine |
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Term
| What is the purpose of all reflexes? |
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Definition
| ther function is to maintain healthy survival |
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Term
| Reflex is also known as_____ ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the blood supply from the brain come from? |
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Definition
| It comes from the vertebral arteries and the internal carotid arteries . |
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Term
| What is the arteries that form a circle around the pituitary gland |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of the circle of willis |
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Definition
| it is to provide blood flow in the event of a blood clot in the brain |
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Term
| What veins drain blood from the brain? |
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Definition
| venous sinuses ( kind of like the sinuses near your nose, they drain mucous) |
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Term
| What is the minimum that is needed to maintain adequate CPP? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| CPP is Mean arterial pressure (MAP) minus ICP |
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Term
| If the patient suffers from a head injury, why might the patient go into respiratory arrest? |
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Definition
| as a result form the increased ICP |
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Term
| Regarding oxygen %'s- how can they cause dilation of blood vessels? |
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Definition
| increased carbon dioxide pressure (Pco2) or decreased oxygen pressure (Po2) will cause dilation of blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| unequal pupils, irregular respirations, increased bp and decreased pulse rate |
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Term
| In what stage would you be able to see cushing triad |
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Definition
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Term
| What physiological sign is found late in the ICP process? |
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Definition
| Hypotension with normal body temp |
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Term
| What is the single most suggestive sign of a serious neurological condition? |
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Definition
| rapid worsening level of consciousness |
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Term
| Of the three postureing poses regarding neurological evaluation which on is the worst? |
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Definition
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Term
| What nerve controlls pupillary response |
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Definition
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Term
| Is pupillary constriction controlled by the sympathetic system or the parasympathetic system? |
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Definition
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Term
| what type of pupils would indicate a significant brain injury |
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Definition
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Term
| What drugs are in the coma cocktale? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the third leading cause of death in the United States? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many vessels bring blood to the brain? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the vessels that bring blood to the brain? |
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Definition
| carotid arteries and vertebral arteries |
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Term
| What is the most common type of stroke? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of stroke develops abruptly? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the criteria for a TIA? |
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Definition
| Pt has to return to normal within 24 hours without permanent neuro deficit |
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Term
| What group of people has the highest incidence of seizures |
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Definition
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Term
| How can you end a pseudoseizure? |
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Definition
| by sharp commands or painful stimuli |
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Term
| What is it called when a seizure activity last 30 min or longer? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes the pain in a tension headache? |
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Definition
| they are casued by muscle contractions of the face, neck, and scalp |
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Term
| _______________ are severe, incapacitation headacehs and are preceded by visual and or gi disturbances. |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of headache is also called histamine headaches? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Its a build up of purulent material surrounded by a capsul within the brain |
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Term
| What types of headaches are associated with an aura? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another term for a neoplasm? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is multiple sclerosis? |
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Definition
| scattered paches of myelin in the brain and spinal cord are destroyed in the cns |
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Term
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Definition
| usually it means abnormal muscle rigidity |
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Term
| What meds are used to manage dystonic reactions? |
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Definition
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Term
| What common drug is used to manage parkinson disease |
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Definition
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Term
| What is parkinsons disease caused by? |
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Definition
| degeneration of the nerve cells in the basal ganglia |
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Term
| How might a parkinsons patient present? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the cause of Bell Palsy |
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Definition
| inflammation of the seventh cranial nerve |
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Term
| What bell palsy typically presentation |
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Definition
| facial paralysis or drooping |
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Term
| In this disorder the nerves that control muscular activity degenerate in the brain and spinal cord |
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Definition
| Amyotrophic lateral scerosis |
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Term
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Definition
| referst to rapid and uncontrollable muscular contractions |
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Term
| This condition results from Defects of neural tube closure. |
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Definition
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Term
| How long are polio vaccinations effective for |
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Definition
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Term
| When are you most likely to see a myoclonus type of movement? |
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Definition
| occur at rest or right before falling asleep |
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Term
| how can you tell the difference between toxic and metabolic coma? |
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Definition
| toxic based comas will have normal pupil response |
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Term
| What about reflexes is unique to the nervous system |
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Definition
| it allows conduction of impulses in one direction |
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Term
| What is the order from best to worst form of posturing |
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Definition
| decorticate, decerebrate, then flaccidity |
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Term
| what are two reasons for a coma |
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Definition
| structural lesions or toxic metabolic conditions |
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Term
| What are S&S of a structural coma |
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Definition
| neruological signs often are one sided or asymmetrical, coma usually develops instantly |
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Term
| What are S&S of a toxic metabolic coma |
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Definition
| neurological findings often are the same on both sides of the body and coma is slow to develop |
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Term
| what are the characteristics of a petit mal seizure |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| it is a olfactory or auditory sensation that precedes a grand mal seizure |
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Term
| what are the two phases of a grand mal seizure |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens during a tonic phase of seizure |
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Definition
| extensor muscle tone activity and apnea sometimes accompanied with tongue biting and bladder or bowel incontinence |
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Term
| What is a jacksonian seizure |
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Definition
| its a partial seizure activity that spreads in an orderly way to surrounding areas |
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Term
| what is a common reason for swelling of the gums in a epileptic patient |
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Definition
| from phenytoin (dilantin) therapy |
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Term
| where does headache pain originate from |
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Definition
| meniges, scalp and blood vessels |
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