Term
|
Definition
- prevents release of Ca from SR
- malignant hyperthermia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome |
|
|
Term
| agonize dopamine receptors |
|
Definition
| bromocriptine, pramipexole, ropinrole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| amantadine, L-dpa/carbidopa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| selsgiline, entacapone, tolcapone |
|
|
Term
| curb excess cholinergic activity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| parkinsons' tx strategies |
|
Definition
| inc DA, agonize DA receptors, prevent DA breakdown, curb excess cholinergic activity |
|
|
Term
| L-dopa/carbidopa toxicity |
|
Definition
| dyskinesia with administration and akinesia between doses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inhibits MOAb with metabolizes DA over NE and 5HT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
reserpine + tetrabenazine = amine depleting
haloperidol = DA antag |
|
|
Term
| alpha agonists for glaucoma |
|
Definition
epinephrine = dec aqueous humor synthesis due to vasoconstriction
brimonidine = dec aqueous humor synthesis |
|
|
Term
| beta blockers for glaucoma |
|
Definition
| timolol, betaxolol, carteolol= dec aqueous humor secretion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acetazolamide or mannitol = dec aqueous humor secretion due to dec HCO3- |
|
|
Term
| cholinomimetics for glaucoma |
|
Definition
direct = pilocarpine, carbachol
indirect = physostigmine, echothiphate
- inc outflow of aqueous humor |
|
|
Term
| prostaglandin for glaucoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mu = morphine, delta= enkephalin, kappa = dynorphin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| open K channels, close Ca channels |
|
|
Term
| opioid for cough suppression |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loperamide and diphenoxylate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, CNA depression |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| partial agonist at mu receptors; agonist at kappa |
|
|
Term
butorphanol
- use
- toxicity |
|
Definition
- pain; less reap depression
- withdrawal if on full agonist |
|
|
Term
tramadol
- MOA
- use
- toxicity |
|
Definition
- weak opioid agonist, inhibits serotonin and NE reuptake
- chronic pain
- decreases seizure threshold |
|
|
Term
| 1st line for status epileptics prophylaxis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 1st line for absence seizures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 1st line for acute status epilepticus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| seizure drugs that inc GABA |
|
Definition
| gabapentin, topiramate, phenobarbital, valproate, benzo, tiagabine, vigabatrin, levetiracetam |
|
|
Term
| 1st line for trigeminal neuralgia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| seizure drug also used for peripheral neuropathy and bipolar |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 1st line in pregnant women and children seizure drug |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| used for sieuzres or eclampsia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| also used for myoclonic seizures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| seizure drugs that block Na |
|
Definition
| phenytoin, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, topiramate, valproate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thalamic T-type Ca channels |
|
|
Term
| SE: agranuloctosis, aplastic anemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| seizure drug that induces CYP450 |
|
Definition
| carbamazepine, phenobarbital |
|
|
Term
| Se: stevens-johnson syndrome |
|
Definition
| carbamazepine, ethosuximide, lamotrigine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
phenytoin
- use
- toxicities |
|
Definition
- tonic-clonic seizues
- SLE-like, gingival hyperplasia, peripheral neuropathy, megaloblastic anemia, fetal hydantoin syndrome |
|
|
Term
barbiturate
- use
- toxicity |
|
Definition
- sedative for anxiety, induction of anesthesia
- additive CNS depression, respiratory or cardiovascular depression, induction of p450 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- anxiety, spasticity, status epileptics, night terrors, sleepwalking, general anesthetic, hypnotic
- dependence, additive CNS depression, less risk of reps depression |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| zolpidem, zaleplon, eszopiclone |
|
|
Term
nonbenzo hypnotics
- use
- toxicity |
|
Definition
- insomnia
- ataxia, HA, confusion, short duration, lower dependencee risk |
|
|
Term
anesthetic properties for
- rapid induction
- high potency |
|
Definition
- dec solubility in blood
- inc solubility in lipids |
|
|
Term
| has low blood and lipid solubility |
|
Definition
| N2O = fast induction and low potency |
|
|
Term
| ex has high lipid and blood solubility |
|
Definition
| halothane = high potency and slow induction |
|
|
Term
anesthetic MOA in
- lungs
- blood
- tisue |
|
Definition
- inc rate + depth of ventilation = inc gas tension
- inc blood solubility = inc blood/gas partition coefficient = inc solubility = inc gas required to saturate blood = slower onset of action
- AV concentration gradient inc = inc solubility = inc gas to saturate tissue = slower onset of action |
|
|
Term
| anesthetic for induction of anesthesia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inhaled anesthetic: hepatotoxicity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inhaled anesthetic: nephrotoxicity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inhaled anesthetic: proconvulsant |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inhaled anesthetic: malignant hyperthermia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inhaled anesthetic: expansion of trapped gas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| may cause severe post op respiratory depression |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| SE: hallucinations, disorientation, bad dreams |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anesthesia for brain surgery |
|
Definition
| thiopental because dec cerebral blood flow |
|
|
Term
| opiate that does not cause histamine release |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rapid induction of short procedures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| high triglyceride count can lead to pancreatitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| local anesthetics esters vs. amides |
|
Definition
esters = one "I"
amides = two "I"s |
|
|
Term
| order of nerve blockade with local anesthetics |
|
Definition
| small myelinated > small unmyelinated > large myelinated > large unmyelinated |
|
|
Term
| order of sensory loss for local anesthetics |
|
Definition
| pain > temp > touch > pressure |
|
|
Term
| toxicity of local anesthetics |
|
Definition
| severe cardiovascular toxicity = bupivacain, CNS excitation, HTN, hypotention, and arrhythmias |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
succinylcholine
phase I = depolarization, no antidote, inc by cholinesterase inhibitor
phase II = repolarization, antidote of cholinesterase inhibitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| compete with ACh for receptors; reversal with AChE inhibitors |
|
|
