Term
| 1st line prophylaxis for status epilepticus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increases the sodium channel inactivation |
|
|
Term
| Type of epilepsy that Phenytoin treats |
|
Definition
| simple, complex and tonic-clonic |
|
|
Term
| What does carbamazepine treat? |
|
Definition
It is first line treatment for:
Simple
Complex
Tonic-Clonic |
|
|
Term
| 1st line treatment for trigeminal neuralgia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of action of lamotrigine |
|
Definition
| blocks voltage-gated sodium channels |
|
|
Term
| What does lamotrigine treat? |
|
Definition
Epilepsy
simple, complex and tonic-clonic |
|
|
Term
| What does gabapentin treat? |
|
Definition
epilepsy
simple, complex, tonic-clonic |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of action of gabapentin |
|
Definition
| designed as a GABA analog but primarily inhibits high-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels |
|
|
Term
| List some other things gabapentin can treat |
|
Definition
| Peripheral neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, migraine prophylaxis, bipolar disorder |
|
|
Term
| What type of epilepsy does topiramate treat? |
|
Definition
| simple, complex and tonic-clonic |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of action of topiramate |
|
Definition
| blocks sodium channels and increases GABA action |
|
|
Term
| Aside from epilepsy what else can topiramate treat? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 1st line treatment for epilepsy in children |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of action of phenobarbital |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type of epilepsy that phenobarbital treats |
|
Definition
| simple, complex, tonic-clonic |
|
|
Term
| What is valproic acid first line treatment for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of action of valproic acid? |
|
Definition
| increase sodium channel inactivation, increase GABA concentration |
|
|
Term
| What can treat myoclonic seizures? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does ethosuximide treat? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of action of ethosuximide |
|
Definition
| Blocks thalamic T-type Ca2+ channels |
|
|
Term
| 1st line treatment for acute status epilepticus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of action of benzodiazepines |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List 2 meds that can treat seizures of eclampsia |
|
Definition
benzodiazepines
1st line treatment is MgSO4 |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of action of Tiagabine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of action of Vigabatin |
|
Definition
| irreversibly inhibits GABA transaminase-> increase GABA |
|
|
Term
| Toxicity of Benzodiazepines |
|
Definition
sedation, tolerance dependence
|
|
|
Term
| what is steven-johnson syndrome? |
|
Definition
| prodrome of malaise and fever followed by rapid onset of erythmatous/purpuric macules. Skin lesions progress to epidermal necrosis and sloughing |
|
|
Term
| Toxicities of carbamazepines? |
|
Definition
| diplopia, ataxia, blood dyscrasias(agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia), liver toxicity, teratogenesis, induction of p450, SIADH, steven-johnson syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Toxicities of ethosuximide |
|
Definition
GI distress, fatigue, headache, urticaria, steven-johnson syndrome
EFGH- Ethosuximide, fatigue, GI headache
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sedation, tolerance, dependence, induction of p450 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nystagmus, diplopia, ataxia, sedation, gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, megaloblastic anemia, teratogenesis, SLE-like syndrome, induction of cytochrome p450, lymphadenopathy, steven-johnson syndrome, osteopenia |
|
|
Term
| Toxicities of Valproic acid |
|
Definition
| GI distress, rare but fatal hepatotoxicity, neural tube defects in fetus, tremor, weight gain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sedation mental dulling, kidney stones, weight loss |
|
|
Term
| What can treat insomnia? (3) |
|
Definition
nonbenzodiazepines:
zolpidem
zaleplon
eszopiclone |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of nonbenzodiazepines |
|
Definition
| act via BZ1 subtype of the GABA receptor. Effects reversed by flumazenil |
|
|
Term
| Effects of inhaled anesthetics |
|
Definition
| myocardial depression, respiratory depression, nausea/emesis, increased cerebral blood flow |
|
|
Term
| Toxicity of inhaled anesthetics |
|
Definition
| hepatotoxicity(halothane), nephrotoxicity (methoxyflurane), proconvulsant (enflurane), malignant hyperthermia (all but nitrous oxide), expansion of trapped gas in a body cavity (nitrous oxide) |
|
|
Term
| What are some IV anesthetics? |
|
Definition
B. B. King on OPOIDS PROPOses FOOLishly
barbituates
benzodiazepines
ketamine
opiods
propofol |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of action of dantrolene |
|
Definition
| prevents release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle |
|
|
Term
| What treats malignant hypothermia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What drugs treat parkinsons? Mechanism of action |
|
Definition
Bromocriptine- dopamine agonist
Amantadine- increase dopmine
Levodopa(with carbidopa)- converted to dopamine in CNS
Selegiline (and COMT inhibitors)- prevents dopamine breakdown
Antimuscarinics- curb excess cholinergics to improve tremor and rigidity |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of action of selegiline |
|
Definition
| selectively inhibits MAO-B so it doesn't metabolize dopamine |
|
|
Term
| Memantine mechanism of action |
|
Definition
Treats alzheimers
NMDA receptor antagonist; helps prevent excitotoxicity |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of action of donepezil, galantamine and rivastigmine |
|
Definition
| acetylcholinesterase inhibitor |
|
|
Term
| What are some neuro changes you'll see in huntington's? |
|
Definition
decrease in GABA
decrease in ACh
increase in dopamine |
|
|
Term
| Tetrabenazine and reserpine mechanism of action |
|
Definition
Treat Huntington's Disease
inhibits VMAT; limits dopamine vesicle packaging and release |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of action of haloperidol |
|
Definition
Treats Huntington's Disease
dopamine receptor antagonist |
|
|
Term
| Disease associated with arbovirus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Disease associated with coxsackievirus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Disease associated with CMV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Disease associated with HSV 1 |
|
Definition
| Meningitis and encephalitis |
|
|
Term
| Disease associated with HIV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Disease associated with lymphocytic choriomeningitis |
|
Definition
| meningitis and encephalitis |
|
|
Term
| Disease associated with poliovirus |
|
Definition
| encephalitis and myelitis-spinal cord |
|
|
Term
| Disease associated with rabies virus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common cause of neonatal meningitis |
|
Definition
| Group B streptococcus (gram + coccus) |
|
|
Term
| 2nd most common cause of neonatal meningitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common cause of meningitis between 1 month and 18 years of age |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common cause of meningitis in patients over 18 years of age |
|
Definition
| stept. pneumoniae (gram + diplococcus) |
|
|
Term
| Most common fungal CNS infection in AIDS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What fungus occurs in diabetic ketoacidosis and causes a frontal lobe abscess |
|
Definition
|
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