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| Support cells of the nervous system |
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| Short processes that receive most inputs to the cell |
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| Long processes which carry most outputs |
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| Describes most mammalian neurons; having several dendrites as well as several axons |
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| Branch off the main axon to reach different targets |
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| Having a single dendrite and a single axon arising from the cell body; often sensory |
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| Having both axons and dendrites arising from a single process coming off the cell body; mainly in invertebrates |
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| Regions of communication between neurons |
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| Involve neurotransmitters leaving synaptic vesicles on presynaptic terminal to bind to neurotransmitter receptors on postsynaptic neurons |
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| Involve direct electrical coupling of neurons through specialized junctions |
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| Transient voltage change lasting about 1 millisecond; when excitatory synaptic inputs combine with endogenous transmembrane currents to sufficiently excite a neuron |
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| Lipid insulation formed by specialized glial cells that acts to speed the rate of action potential conduction |
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| Myelin-forming glial cells in the CNS |
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| Myelin-forming glial cells in the PNS |
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| Short exposed segments of the axon with concentrations of voltage-gated ion channels |
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| Excitatory Postsynamptic Potentials (EPSPs) |
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Definition
| A rapid communication between neurons via chemical neurotransmitters that causes excitatory electrical events |
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| Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials (IPSPs) |
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Definition
| Rapid communications between neurons via chemical neurotransmitters that cause inhibitory electrical events |
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Definition
| Occur over slower time scales; includes a broad range of cellular mechanisms involving signaling cascades that regulate synaptic transmission, neuronal growth, and other functions |
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| Spinal cord disease producing lesions in the dorsal columns and the dorsal root ganglia, caused by syphilis |
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| Damage to CN V, causing facial pain and arising from light touch to a seemingly inappropriate area area or arising spontaneously |
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| same as tic douloureux; damage to CN V, causing facial pain and arising from light touch to a seemingly inappropriate area or arising spontaneously |
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Definition
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| A common cause of focal or diffuse cerebro-cortial dysfunction resulting from vessel occlusion, inflammation, or hemorrhages |
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Definition
| Dizziness, sense of whirling motion |
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Definition
| Verbal auditory agnosia, deficit of comprehension of spoken, but not written word, rare, associated with lesions affecting connections of primary auditory cortex to Wernicke's area |
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