Term
| Which nerves in the head are derived from somites? |
|
Definition
III, IV, VI- extraocular muscles
XII- hypoglossal nerve
(Arise from the medial ventral aspect of the brainstem) |
|
|
Term
| Which CNs are branchiomotor (arise not from somites but from branchial arches of the aorta)? |
|
Definition
V- muscles of mastication
VII- muscles of facial expression
IX- stylopharyngeus muscle
X- voluntary pharyngeal muscles (swallowing, speech)
Lateral |
|
|
Term
| Which CNs have parasympathetic functions? |
|
Definition
III- pupil constriction
VII- salivation/lacrimation
IX
X |
|
|
Term
| Which CN has large sensory nuclei component stretching from midbrain to spinal cord? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which neural tract passes through the cerebral peduncles of the midbrain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Location of oculomotor nucleus in midbrain? |
|
Definition
| Just ventral to the cerebral aqueduct in the midline |
|
|
Term
| Location of substantia nigra in midbrain? |
|
Definition
| Just dorsal to corticospinal tract/cerebral peduncles |
|
|
Term
| Which cranial nerve decussates? |
|
Definition
| Trochlear (R trochlear nucleus supplies L superior oblique & vice versa) |
|
|
Term
| Corticospinal tract travels through what section of the medulla? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Relation between hypoglossal nucleus and vagal motor nucleus in mid medulla? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vagal motor nucleus function? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Location & function of nucleus ambiguus? |
|
Definition
Lateral mid medulla
Voluntary motor functions of CN X |
|
|
Term
| Where does the corticospinal tract start to decussate? |
|
Definition
| Lower medulla- pyramids decussate |
|
|
Term
| What part of thalamus receives somatosensory info from body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of thalamus receives somatosensory info from head? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is unique about sensory trigeminothalamic system? |
|
Definition
| Enters spinal cord, DESCENDS, crosses, then ascends. |
|
|
Term
| Spinothalamic system separate from dorsal column where? |
|
Definition
| In medulla- less separation heading up into pons & midbrain |
|
|
Term
| Neostriatum of basal ganglia refers to what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Paleostriatum of basal ganglia refers to what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lentiform nucleus of basal ganglia refers to what? |
|
Definition
| Putamen and globus pallidus |
|
|
Term
| Subthalamic nucleus- location & clinical relevance? |
|
Definition
Superior to substantia nigra
Damage causes ballistic arm movements |
|
|
Term
| VA thalamus significance? |
|
Definition
| Ventroanterior nucleus- communicates movement b/w motor cortex & basal ganglia |
|
|
Term
| VA Thalamus relation to cortex? |
|
Definition
| Projects via glutamate --> excites motor cortex --> facilitates movement |
|
|
Term
| Cortex projection to putamen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Direct pathway of movement? |
|
Definition
Putamen --> (GABA-inhibition) --> GP --> (GABA) --> Thalamus
Direct pathway facilitates movement by inhibiting an inhibitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Putamen --> subthalamic nucleus --> (Glutamate- excitation) --> GP --> (GABA) --> Thalamus
Inhibits movement by exciting an inhibitor |
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