Term
1) Trauma
2) Vascular Disease
3) Tumor
4) Disease
5) Other (infections, metabolic, etc) |
|
Definition
| Spinal Cord pathologies can be caused by ? (Name 5) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Trauma occurs primarily in males or females and what is the %. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 80% of Trauma occurs typically between the ages of ? and ? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the highest cause of Trauma to the spinal cord and what is the percentage. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the 2nd highest trauma to the spinal cord and what is the %. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What population do falls typically occur in with regards to spinal cord trauma |
|
|
Term
| Violence (14.5%) and Sports (14%) |
|
Definition
| These 2 types of spinal cord trauma rank 3rd and 4th respectively. Name them and the respective percentages. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what is the most common sports-related traumatic injury to the spinal cord. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| True/False: hyperextension and hyperflexion of the neck can cause spinal cord injury |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The other category in spinal cord trauma makes up what percentage. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Name the 2 most common injured sites to the spinal cord when trauma is involved. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In regards to trauma to the spinal cord the loss of neurological function (motor and/or sensory) occurs (?above, at or below?) the level of the lesion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Does age or when the injury occured play a role in the symptoms you may see in a traumatic spinal cord injury? |
|
|
Term
| 53% (25% complete, 28% incomplete) |
|
Definition
| What is the % of quadriplegia in a traumatic spinal cord injury with ?% complete and ?% incomplete. |
|
|
Term
| 47% (28 complete, 19% incomplete) |
|
Definition
| What is the % of paraplegia in a traumatic spinal cord injury with ?% complete and ?% incomplete. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In regards to quadriplegia and paraplegia in which is the % of incomplete injury higher than the complete %. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Name a symptom of traumatic spinal cord injury other than loss of neurological function. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A complete lesion of the spinal cord is defined as the absence of sensory and motor function in ?(name the level) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Spinal cord syndromes are all considered to be complete or incomplete lesions? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In this syndrome there is damage to the anterior 1/2 to 2/3 of spinal cord. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In Anterior cord syndrome there will be injury to this pathway causing a loss of pain/temp. (name the pathway) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In the Anterior cord syndrome, there is injury to this pathway (name it) and other descending motor tracts causing loss of (?voluntary or involuntary? ) motor activity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Are the posterior columns (dorsal column/medial lemniscus system) damaged in Anterior Cord Syndrome? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In Anterior cord syndrome there is usually damage to this artery from bone fragments. (name the artery) |
|
|
Term
| Yes b/c the posterior columns (DCML pathway) are preserved. |
|
Definition
| Does a person retain proprioception and dicriminative touch in anterior cord syndrome. Explain your reasoning. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Name the syndrome in which injury is limited to central portions of gray and white matter of spinal cord. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Name the syndrome that results in motor and sensory loss primarily in UEs due to somatotopic organization of spinal pathways. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This spinal cord syndrome is common in individual with congenitally narrow spinal canals and in elderly with narrowing of spinal canal secondary to osteoarthritis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hemisection of the spinal cord defines this syndrome. (name the syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| Brown-Sequard (Hemisection) |
|
Definition
| In this syndrome you will see loss of voluntary motor control, proprioception and discriminative touch ipsilaterally below the lesion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In Brown-Sequard syndrome there is loss of voluntary motor control, proprioception and discriminative touch (?contralaterally or ipsilaterally?) below the lesion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In Brown-Sequard there is loss of pain/temp sensation (?ipsilaterally or contralaterally?) below the lesion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Name the syndrome defined by an injury to the nerve roots of the cauda equina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In Cauda Equina syndrome there is usually sensory loss in what segments of the spinal cord. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Name the syndrome in which the patient experiences flaccid paralysis of lower limb muscles, bowel and bladder. |
|
|
Term
| lower limb muscles, bowel and bladder |
|
Definition
| In Cauda Equina syndrome the patient experiences flaccid paralysis of ?, ? and ? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In which spinal cord syndrome do we see NO hypertonia or hyperreflexia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| True/False: In cauda equina syndrome you expect to see hypertonia and hyperreflexia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This syndrome is considered a surgical emergency because if left untreated it can lead to permanent loss of bowel and bladder control and paralysis of the legs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The FLACCID paralysis of the lower limb muscles, bladder and bowel of Cauda Equina syndrome tell us it involves Lower Motor Nerves or Upper Motor Nerves? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One major characteristic used to identify a lower motor neuron lesion is flaccid paralysis or spastic paralysis. |
|
|
Term
| spastic paralysis/hypertonia |
|
Definition
| an upper motor neuron lesion, which often presents with (?flaccid or spastic?) paralysis - accompanied by severe ? |
|
|
Term
1) Arteriovenous (A-V) malformation
2) Atherosclerosis
3) Hemorrhage |
|
Definition
| Name the 3 main causes of vascular disease in regards to spinal cord pathology. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Name the PRIMARY vascular supply to the spinal cord. |
|
|
Term
1) Location of injury
2) vessel affected |
|
Definition
| Symptoms in Vascular Disease (in regards to Spinal Cord Pathology) depend upon 2 things. Name the 2. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A tumor in regards to spinal cord pathology is most commonly secondary to ? from some other area. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A tumor (in regards to spinal cord pathology) is most commonly secondary to metastasis from some other area usually the ? or ? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In a spinal cord tumor pathology, the patient will present with pain along ? or with back pain. |
|
|
Term
| location and size of the tumor |
|
Definition
| In regards to spinal cord tumor pathology, symptoms are related to the ? and ? of the tumor. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In regards to a spinal cord tumor, the tumor is usually ? causing compression of the cord. |
|
|
Term
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
|
Definition
| What does ALS stand for ? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ALS affects males ? over females (name the ratio) |
|
|
Term
| False. Onset is usually after age 50 |
|
Definition
| True/False: With ALS the onset is usually before the age of 50 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| With ALS there is destruction of motor or sensory pathways in the spinal cord? |
|
|
Term
| lateral funiculus/anterior horn cells |
|
Definition
| In ALS, the destruction of the motor pathways occurs in the ? and ? of the spinal cord. |
|
|
Term
| It is a mixed UMN and LMN lesion which progresses to complete LMNL. |
|
Definition
| In regards to upper and motor neurons what is unique to Lou Gehrig's disease? |
|
|
Term
| ALS (Lou Gehrig's Disease) |
|
Definition
| In this spinal cord pathology, there is a mixed UMN and LMN lesion progressing to complete LMNL. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A lower motor neuron lesion is a lesion which affects nerve fibers traveling from the ? horn of the spinal cord to the relevant muscle(s) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gullain Barre syndrome, botulism and cauda equina syndrome, trauma to peripheral nerves that sever the axons and poliomyelitis are all (?upper or lower?) motor nerve lesions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| True/False: ALS is termed idiopathic meaning it is of unknown cause. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In ALS, death is due to ? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It make take ? to ? years before someone with ALS dies due to respiratory failure. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This is a rare, progressive spinal cord disorder with the onset occuring around 35-45 years. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ? is damage to the spinal cord due to the formation of a fluid-filled area within the cervical region of the spinal cord. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Syringomyelia causes sensory loss in a cape-like distribution over the ? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| with Syringomyelia you will see motor loss in the Upper OR lower extremities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The fluid buildup seen in ________ may be a result of spinal cord trauma, tumors of the spinal cord, or birth defects (specifically, "chiari malformation," in which part of the brain pushes down onto the spinal cord at the base of the skull). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ? accumulates CSF causing increased pressure in spinal cord, expanding cavity and compressing pathways in area. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| syringomyelia is a type of ? spina cord syndrome. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Death often occurs within 3 - 5 years of diagnosis in this spinal cord pathology. |
|
|
Term
| autosomal recessive genetic disease |
|
Definition
| Friedreich's ataxia is an ? disease. This means you must get a copy of the defective gene from both your mother and father. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ? is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What tracts are initially affected in Friedreich's ataxia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In Friedreich's ataxia (?white or grey?) matter of the spinal cord slowly demylinates. |
|
|
Term
| Brown-Sequard Syndrome (Hemisection of spinal cord) |
|
Definition
| This spinal cord pathologoy is characterized by a motor deficit and numbness to touch and vibration on the same side of the spinal injury and loss of pain and temperature sensation on the opposite side. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ? is a medical condition where the blood supply to the anterior portion of the spinal cord is interrupted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This Spinal cord pathology is characterized by loss of motor function below the level of injury, loss of sensations carried by the anterior columns of the spinal cord (pain and temperature), and preservation of sensations carried by the posterior columns (discriminative touch and proprioception). |
|
|
Term
| Central Cord Syndrome (CCS) |
|
Definition
| This spinal cord pathology has been reported to occur more frequently among older persons with cervical spondylosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ? is a general term for age-related wear and tear affecting the disks in your neck. These changes later contribute to the development of cervical osteoarthritis in the joints that link your neck bones (facet joints) and may lead to Central Cord Syndrome. |
|
|
