Term
| Broca’s Aphasia pathogenesis |
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Definition
| - infarction of the superior division of the middle cerebral artery or lesion in the inferior frontal gyrus. |
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Term
| Broca’s Aphasia clinical presentation |
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Definition
-comprehension is preserved,non-fluent speech, no repetition.
-can be associated with contralateral hemiplegia |
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Term
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Definition
| Inferior frontal gyrus (pars opercularis and pars triangularis) |
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Term
| Transcortical Motor Aphasia location |
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Definition
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Term
| Transcortical Motor Aphasia pathogenesis |
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Definition
| -crescent lesion within the zone between the anterior and middle cerebellar arteries, incomplete lesion in Broca’s area that separates it from anterior frontal areas and supplementary motor cortex. |
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Term
| Transcortical Motor Aphasia clinical presentation |
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Definition
| non-fluent, positive comprehension, repetition intact |
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Term
| Wernicke’s Aphasia pathogenesis |
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Definition
| -infarction of the inferior division of the middle cerebral artery or a lesion of the posterior superior temporal gyrus. |
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Term
| Wernicke’s Aphasia clinical presentation |
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Definition
-fluent with effortless speech that has many paraphasic errors, Comprehension is poor (can’t understand what you are saying or can’t check what they are saying), no repetition
-can be associated with visual defect. |
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Term
| Wernicke’s Aphasia location |
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Definition
| Posterior superior temporal gyrus |
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Term
| Transcortical Sensory Aphasia location |
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Definition
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Term
| Transcortical Sensory Aphasia pathogenesis |
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Definition
| - Crescent lesion that lies within the border zone between the anterior and middle cerebral arteries (and within the territory of the posterior cerebral artery). results in isolation of Wernicke’s area from the posterior temporal and occipital areas. |
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Term
| Transcortical Sensory Aphasia clinical presentation |
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Definition
| fluent, no comprehension, WITH repetition intact |
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Term
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Definition
| Dominant hemisphere including Wernicke’s and Broca’s Areas |
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Term
| Global aphasia pathogenesis |
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Definition
| -infarction in the left hemisphere secondary to occlusion of the internal carotid artery or the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery |
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Term
| Global aphasia clniical presentation |
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Definition
-disturbance in all aspects of language, including comprehension, repetition, and expression.
-usually accompanied by right hemiparesis |
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Term
| Conduction Aphasia location |
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Definition
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Term
| Conduction Aphasia pathogenesis |
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Definition
| -Lesion of the arcuate fasciculus (and possibly the supramarginal gyrus) |
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Term
| Conduction Aphasia clinical presentation |
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Definition
| -fluent speech but difficulty finding the right word. Comprehension intact, naming is impaired and no repetition. |
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Term
| Gerstmann’s Syndrome location |
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Definition
| Inferior Parietal Areas (Angular and Supramarginal gyrus) |
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Term
| Gerstmann’s Syndrome pathogenesis |
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Definition
| -lesions of the dominant inferior parietal lobule (angular and supramarginal gyrus) |
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Term
| Gerstmann’s Syndrome clinical presentation |
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Definition
-aspects that depend on association between auditory and visual stimuli and auditory-visual-tactile)reading and writing) stimuli are most affected (written language to spoken word and vice versa)
-dysgraphia (difficulty writing: usually can copy though), dyscalculia (difficulty calculating), finger agnosia (difficulty in recognizing fingers), left-right confusion. Dyslexia (difficulty reading) may be present. |
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Term
| Mixed Transcortical Aphasia location |
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Definition
| Between Broca’s and Wernicke’s |
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Term
| Mixed Transcortical Aphasia pathogenesis |
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Definition
-infarction between the middle and anterior or middle and posterior cerebral arteries (perisylvian areas= infarction of dominant hemisphere posterior temporal and parietal areas.
-Carotid artery stenosis can produce a perfusion defect at the border zones b/w middle and posterior cerebral arteries. |
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Term
| Mixed Transcortical Aphasia |
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Definition
| -patient CAN repeat but has little spontaneous speech and little comprehension. Patient will echo everything said by the examiner. |
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