Term
| What are the four components to the peripheral sensory apparatus? |
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Definition
| Horizontal, anterior and posterior canals, and a central chamber (vestibule). |
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Term
| What does the Central processor consist of in the vestibular system? |
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Definition
| Vestibular nucleus complex, and the cerebellum. |
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Term
| What is the job of the cerebellum in the central processing unit? |
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Definition
| it serves as the adaptive processor. |
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Term
| Where does the central processing unit send info to? (2 places) And what do each of these places do with the information? |
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Definition
| Ocular muscles, for the VOR. Spinal cord for VSR. |
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Term
| Shaking the head stimulates which of the three canals? |
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Definition
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Term
| What three pieces of information is the peripheral sensory apparatus responsible for? |
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Definition
| Head angular velocity, linear acceleration, and orientation of the head in relation to gravity. |
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Term
| Nodding the head primarily stimulates what canal? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two otolith organs, and what are their functions? |
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Definition
| Utricle - horizontal movement, and Saccule - vertical movement. |
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Term
| Where do you find perilympatic fluid? Endolymphatic fluid? How do these two interact? |
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Definition
| Peri: Between the bony portion and membranous portion of the semicircular canal. Endo: within the membranous portion of the semicircular canals. There is NO communication between these two substances. They are completely separated by the membrane with the canals. |
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Term
| What is the ampulla, and where is it located? |
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Definition
| The ampulla is an enlargement at the bottom of each end of the semicircular canal. It contains the crista and cupula. |
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Term
| Where is the Crista, and what is its purpose? |
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Definition
| It is attached to the bottom of the ampulla. Hair cells at the base of the ampulla project into the crista. |
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Term
| What is the cupula? Describe it, where it is and its function. |
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Definition
| It is attached to the bottom of the ampulla, on top of the Crista. Hair cells project through the crista into the cupula which is a gelatinous membrane. When there is endolymphatic flow, the cupula sways and bends the hair cells. |
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Term
| Does the cupula respond to gravity? |
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Definition
| No. only to endolymphatic flow. |
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Term
| What are stereo and kinocilium? Where are they and how do they relate? |
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Definition
| They are hair cells that project into the cupulla. There are 40-70 stereocilia, and 1 kinocilium in the cupula. The kinocilium is the tallest, and when the stereocilia deflect toward it there is excitation of the nerve. When they deflect away, there is inhibition of nerve activity. |
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Term
| How does head movement relate to endolymph flow? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the vascular supply look like to the vestibular unit? |
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Definition
| Basilar -> Ant Inf Cerebellar Artery -> Labyrinthine Artery -> vestibular and common cochlear arteries. (Labyrinthine A may also be a direct branch from the basilar. |
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Term
| Is there collateral vascular network for the vestibular apparatus? |
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Definition
| No. So if there is an infarct in the AICA or the pons, there can be vestibular problems. |
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Term
| Where are the vestibular nuclei located? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the specific function of the cerebellum as it relates to the vestibular network? |
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Definition
| It receives vestibular nuclei input and sends output to the body. Adjusts the size/magnitude of reaction and coordinates smoothness of response to vestibular input. |
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Term
| What parts of the inner ear are responsible for recognition of rotational movement? |
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Definition
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Term
| What parts of the inner ear are responsible for detection of linear acceleration? |
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Definition
| otoliths; utricle (horizontal) and saccule (vertical). |
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