Term
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Definition
| Support; Guide migration of young neurons; Attaches neuron to food source; Anchors neurons |
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Term
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Definition
| Wraps CNS nerve fibers; Forms myelin sheaths in CNS |
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Term
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Definition
| Surrounds Fibers of PNS; Forms myelin sheaths in PNS |
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Term
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Definition
| Phagocytes involved in health |
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Term
| Passive or Leakage Channels |
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Definition
| Always open; Potassium always leaks out of cells |
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Term
| Chemically Gated Channels |
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Definition
| Needs the binding of something to open |
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Term
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Definition
| Once open, everything that takes place depends on voltage (changes in membrane potential) |
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Term
| Mechanically Gated Channels |
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Definition
| Responds to mechanical stimulus (auditory system) |
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Term
| What is the functional role of nervous system "signals"? |
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Definition
| Communication for receiving, intergrating, and sending information |
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Term
| What are graded potentials? |
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Definition
| Short lived, local changes in membrane potential that can either be repolarizations or hyperpolarizations. Occurs around cell body and dendrites. Can lead to action potential. |
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Term
| True or False: Action potentials are breief reversals of membrane potential; are the principle means of neural communication; and maintain their strength over distance |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A junctin that mediates information transfer from one neuron to the next or from a neuron to an effector cell |
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Term
| WHat are IPSP's? How do they work? |
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Definition
| Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials induce hyperpolarization and inhibits action potential. |
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Term
| What is presynaptic inhibition? |
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Definition
| Occurs when the release of excitatory neurotransmitter by one neuron is inhibited by the activity of another neuron via axoacnonix synapnse. |
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Term
| What are the major class of NT's in the CNS? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is not a neurontransmitter?
a. NO
b. ATP
c. Dopamine
d. testosterone |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following NT's are both excitatory and inhibitory depending on its receptor type?
a. ACh
b. ATP
c. Dopamine
d. Testosterone |
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Definition
| A, B, and C (ACH, ATP, Dopamine) |
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Term
| True or False: Acetylcholine is inhibitory to skeletal muscles and excitory to cardiac muscle. |
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Definition
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Term
| How is it that norepinephrine (NE) can inhibit smooth muscle action in airways, yet stimulate contractions in smooth muscle everywhere else in the body? |
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Definition
| NE is both excitatory and inhibitory depending on the receptors. |
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Term
| Define a direct receptor mechanism |
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Definition
| NT's that open ion channels |
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Term
| Define indirect receptor mechanism. |
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Definition
| NT's that act trhough second messengers. |
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Term
| What are the types of input processing that occur? |
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Definition
| Serial Processing (input moving along a single pathway) & Parallel Processing (information on several pathways) |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement towar axon terminals |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement away from axon terminals. |
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Term
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Definition
| White substance of the central nervous system; Myelinated nerve fibers |
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Term
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Definition
| Greay area of the central nervous system; contains cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers of neurons |
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Term
| Sensory (afferent) neurons |
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Definition
| Nerve cell that carries impulses toward the central enrvous system; initiates nerve impulses following receptor stimulation |
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Term
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Definition
| Nerves that carry impulses leaving the brain and spinal cord, and destined for effectors |
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Term
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Definition
| Lie between motor and sensory neurons in neutral pathways and shuttle signals through CNS pathways where intergration occurs |
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Term
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Definition
| The surface of the cell on the opposite side of the sunapse from the synaptic terminal of the stimulating neuron that contains receptor proteins and degradative enzymes for the NT's |
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Term
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Definition
| Fluid filled space at a synapse |
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Term
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Definition
| One neuron stimulates the next, which stimulates the next, and so on, eventually causing a specific, anticipated response |
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Term
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Definition
| Inputs are segregated into many pathways, and information delivered by each pathway is dealt with simultaneously by different parts of the neural circuitry |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when the release of excitory NT's by one neuron is inhibited by the activity of another neuron via axoaxonic synapse |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when a NT acts via slow changes in target cell metabolisim or when chemicals other than NT's modify neuronal activity |
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Term
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Definition
| Repeated of continous use of a synapse which ehances the presynaptic neuron's ability to excite the postsynaptic neuron, producing larger than expected postynaptic potentials |
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