Term
| 1. What are the 3 functions of the nervous system? |
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Definition
| sensory, integrative, and motor function |
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Term
| 2. Which function senses changes in the internal and external environment? |
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Definition
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Term
| 3. Which function analyzes the changes and makes decisions on what should happen? |
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Definition
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Term
| 4. Which function responds to the stimuli after a decision is made? |
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Definition
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Term
| 5. What are the 2 major divisions of the nervous system? |
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Definition
| Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System |
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Term
| 6. What does the central nervous system consist of? |
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Definition
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Term
| 7. What are some examples of structures found in the peripheral nervous system? |
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Definition
| sensory receptors, nerves, ganglia, and plexuses |
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Term
| 8. What are the 2 divisions of the peripheral nervous system? |
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Definition
| somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system |
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Term
| 9. What controls skeletal muscle? |
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Definition
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Term
| 10. What controls smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands? |
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Definition
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Term
| 11. Is the somatic nervous system voluntary or involuntary? |
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Definition
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Term
| 12. Is the autonomic nervous system voluntary or involuntary? |
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Definition
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Term
| 13. What are the 2 divisions of the autonomic nervous system? |
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Definition
| sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions |
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Term
| 14. Which division of the autonomic N.S. is activated during times of physical activity or stress ("fight or flight")? |
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Definition
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Term
| 15. Which division of the autonomic N.S. controls resting and non-stressful situations ("rest and digest")? |
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Definition
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Term
| 16. Which division of the autonomic N.S. will cause rapid heart rate, rapid and deep breathing, cold/sweaty skin, and dilated pupils when activated? |
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Definition
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Term
| 17. What are the 2 major types of cells found in the nervous system? |
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Definition
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Term
| 18. What are the supporting cells of the nervous system? |
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Definition
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Term
| 19. What are the 6 types of glial cells? |
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Definition
| astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglia, oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells, and satellite cells |
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Term
| 20. What are electrical impulses called? |
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Definition
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Term
| 21. What cells conduct action potentials from one part of the body to another? |
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Definition
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Term
| 22. What are the three parts of a neuron? |
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Definition
| soma (cell body), dendrites, and axons |
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Term
| 23. What does the soma of a neuron contain? |
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Definition
| nucleus, organelles, and cytosol |
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Term
| 24. What are clusters of cell bodies (neurons) in the CNS called? |
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Definition
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Term
| 25. What are clusters of cell bodies (neurons) in the PNS called? |
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Definition
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Term
| 26. What part of the neuron receives electrical impulses? |
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Definition
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Term
| 27. What part of the neuron carries impulses away from the soma? |
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Definition
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Term
| 28. What are the bulb shaped ends of the axon called? |
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Definition
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Term
| 29. What do the presynaptic terminals contain? |
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Definition
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Term
| 30. What is stored in synaptic vesicles? |
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Definition
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Term
| 31. What are the chemical messengers of the nervous system? |
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Definition
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Term
| 32. What surrounds axons and functions to insulate and speed up the conduction of nervous impulses? |
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Definition
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Term
| 33. In the CNS, myelin sheaths are formed by what? |
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Definition
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Term
| 34. In the PNS, myelin sheaths are formed by what? |
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Definition
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Term
| 35. What are interruptions in the myelin sheath where adjacent glial cells meet? |
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Definition
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Term
| 36. What are the 2 types of channels found in abundance at the node of Ranvier? |
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Definition
| sodium and potassium channels |
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Term
| 37. What is the term used to describe the way action potentials travel along the axons of myelinated neurons? |
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Definition
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Term
| 38. What is the term used to describe the way action potentials travel along the axons of unmyelinated neurons? |
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Definition
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Term
| 39. The region of the CNS that is white matter consists mainly of what type of axons? |
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Definition
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Term
| 40. The region of the CNS that is gray matter consists mainly of what? |
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Definition
| cell bodies and unmyelinated axons |
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Term
| 41. What are the 3 functional classifications of neurons? |
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Definition
| sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons |
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Term
| 42. What type of neurons conduct action potentials toward the CNS? |
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Definition
| sensory (afferent) neurons |
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Term
| 43. What type of neurons conduct action potentials away from the CNS? |
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Definition
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Term
| 44. What type of neurons conduct action potentials from one neuron to another within the CNS? |
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Definition
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Term
| 45. What are the 3 structural classifications of neurons? |
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Definition
| multipolar, bipolar, unipolar neurons |
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Term
| 46. What is a highly specialized junction between two cells that functions in cell to cell communication? |
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Definition
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Term
| 47. What are the 2 two types of synapses? |
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Definition
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Term
| 48. Which type of synapse is also called a gap juncton? |
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Definition
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Term
| 49. What are the three essential components in a chemical synapse? |
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Definition
| presynaptic terminal, synaptic cleft, and postsynaptic membrane |
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Term
| 50. What does the presynaptic terminal release? |
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Definition
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Term
| 51. What is a neurotransmitter and what does it do? |
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Definition
| a chemical messenger that functions to open or close channels |
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Term
| 52. What is the space between the presynaptic terminal and the cell that it synpses with? |
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Definition
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Term
| 53. What is the membrane after the synaptic cleft? |
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Definition
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Term
| 54. What is the function of a chemical synapse? |
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Definition
| to transfer an action potential from the presynaptic terminal to the postsynaptic membrane |
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Term
| 55. What is the function of an electrical synapse? |
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Definition
| to transfer an action potential from one cell to another through a gap junction |
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