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| introduced the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854 and popularized the idea of popular sovereignty. |
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| stated that the people of a territory had the right to decide their own laws by voting. |
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| slavery was forbidden across this line in the Louisiana Purchase |
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| pro-slavery forces from Missouri, known as the Border Ruffians, crossed the border into Kansas and terrorized and murdered antislavery settlers. |
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| Where the pro-slavery /anti-slavery war in Kansas began |
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| the New England Emigrant Aid Society sent rifles at the instigation of fervid abolitionists like the preacher Henry Beecher. |
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| seized the U.S. arsenal at Harper's Ferry. |
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| John Brown let a part of six in Kansas that killed 5 pro-slavery men. |
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| New England Emigrant Aid Company |
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| Promoted anti-slavery migration to Kansas. |
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| gave a two day speech on the Senate floor. He denounced the South for crimes against Kansas and singled out Senator Andrew Brooks of South Carolina for extra abuse. |
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| pro-slavery constitution suggested for Kansas' admission to the union. |
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| A Missouri slave sued for his freedom, claiming that his four year stay in the northern portion of the Louisiana Territory made free land by the Missouri Compromise had made him a free man. |
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| Chief Justice Roger B. Taney |
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| he wrote the important decision in the Dred Scott case, upholding police power of states and asserting the principle of social responsibility of private property. |
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Congress couldn't force a territory to become a slave state against its will.
617. Panic of 1857 |
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| Began with the failure of the Ohio Life Insurance Company and spread to the urban east. |
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| The most influential propagandist in the decade before the Civil War. |
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| Sociology for the South, or the Failure of Free Society |
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| he said that the capitalism of the North was a failure. |
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| spoke for poor, non-slave-owing Whites in his 1857 book, which as a violent attack on slavery. |
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| The Impending Crisis of the South |
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| wasn't written with sympathy for Blacks, who Helper despised, but with a belief that the economic system of the South was bringing ruin on the small farmer. |
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| Lincoln's "House Divided" speech |
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| acceptance speech for his nomination to the Senate in June, 1858, Lincoln paraphrased from the Bible: "A house divided against itself cannot stand." |
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| John Brown seized the U.S. arsenal at Harper's Ferry. |
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| wanted the union to stay together. After Southern states seceded from the Union, he urged the middle states to join the North. |
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| Nominated by pro-slavers who had seceded from the Democratic convention, he was strongly for slavery and states' rights. |
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| Buchanan and the Secession Crisis |
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| After Lincoln was elected, but before he was inaugurated, seven Southern states seceded. Buchanan, the lame duck president, decided to leave the problem for Lincoln to take care of. |
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| Crittenden Compromise proposal |
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| desperate measure to prevent the Civil War, introduced by John Crittenden, Senator from Kentucky, in December 1860. |
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| States bordering the North: Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky and Missouri. |
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| South's advantages in the Civil War |
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| Large land areas with long coasts, could afford to lose battles, and could export cotton for money. |
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| North's advantages in the Civil War |
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| Larger numbers of troops, superior navy, better transportation, overwhelming financial and industrial reserves to create munitions and supplies |
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| Site of the opening engagement of the Civil War. |
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| Confederate soldiers charged Union men who were en route to besiege Richmond. First major battle of the Civil War |
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| First engagement ever between two iron-clad naval vessels. |
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| were major leaders and generals for the Confederacy. |
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| Grant, McClellan, Sherman and Meade |
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| Union generals in the Civil War. |
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| Vicksburg, Gettysburg, Antietam, Appomattox |
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| Battle sites of the Civil War. |
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| chosen as president of the Confederacy in 1861 |
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| chosen as vice-president of the Confederacy in 1861. |
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| North began to blockade the Southern coast in an attempt to force the South to surrender. |
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| Cotton was a cash crop and could be sold for large amounts of money. Wheat was mainly raised to feed farmers and their animals. |
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| Lincoln believed that anti-war Northern Democrats harbored traitorous ideas and he labeled them _________________. |
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| Congressman Clement L. Vallandigham |
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| An anti-war Democrat who criticized Lincoln as a dictator, called him "King Abraham". |
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| Suspension of habeas corpus |
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| which states that a person cannot be arrested without probable cause and must be informed of the charges against him and be given an opportunity to challenge them. |
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| Emancipation Proclamation |
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| Lincoln freed all slaves in the states that had seceded, after the Northern victory at the Battle of Antietam. |
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| Minister to Great Britain during the Civil War, he wanted to keep Britain from entering the war on the side of the South |
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| a British steamer and abducted two Confederate ambassadors aboard it. |
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| Financing of the war effort by North and South |
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The North was much richer than the South, and financed the war through loans, treasury notes, taxes and duties on imported goods. The South had financial problems because they printed their Confederate notes without backing them with gold or silver.
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