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| Launched the American Red Cross in 1881. |
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| Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan |
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| Former Confederate states would be readmitted to the Union if 10% of their citizens took a loyalty oath and the state agreed to ratify the 13th Amendment which outlawed slavery |
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| Assassination of April 14, 1865 |
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| President Lincoln was shot by John Wilkes Booth. |
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| An actor, planned with others for six months to abduct Lincoln at the start of the war, but they were foiled when Lincoln didn't arrive at the scheduled place. |
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| Supreme Court ruled that military trials of civilians were illegal unless the civil courts are inoperative or the region is under marshall law. |
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| a group that believed the South should be harshly punished and thought that Lincoln was sometimes too compassionate towards the South |
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| declared that the Reconstruction of the South was a legislative, not executive, matter. |
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| said Lincoln was acting like a dictator by vetoing. |
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| Joint Committee on Reconstruction (Committee of Fifteen) |
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Definition
| Six senators and nine representatives drafted the 14th Amendment and Reconstruction Acts. |
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| Pushed through congress over Johnson's veto, it gave radical Republicans complete military control over the South and divided the South into five military zones |
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| The Southern states had relinquished their rights when they seceded. |
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| Conquered territory theory |
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Definition
| Stated that conquered Southern states weren't part of the Union, but were instead conquered territory, which the North could deal with however they like. |
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| The unreconstructed South |
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Definition
| South's infrastructure had been destroyed - manufacturing had almost ceased. |
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Definition
| Restrictions on the freedom of former slaves, passed by Southern governments. |
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| Argued that Texas had never seceded because there is no provision in the Constitution for a state to secede, thus Texas should still be a state and not have to undergo reconstruction. |
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| radical Republican who believed in harsh punishments for the South. |
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Term
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| when Lincoln was killed, he became president. He opposed radical Republicans who passed Reconstruction Acts over his veto. |
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| Agency set up to aid former slaves in adjusting themselves to freedom. It furnished food and clothing to needy blacks and helped them get jobs. |
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Definition
| Service as director of the Freedmen's Bureau |
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Definition
| White-supremacist group formed by six former Conferedate officers after the Civil War. |
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| Prohibited abridgement of rights of blacks or any other citizens |
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| Freed all slaves, abolished slavery |
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| Fourteenth Amendment and its provisions |
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Definition
| fixed provision of the Civil Rights Bill: full citizenship to all native-born or naturalized Americans |
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Term
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Definition
| No one could be denied the right to vote on account of race, color or having been a slave. |
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Term
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Definition
| it forbade the president from removing civil officers without consent of the Senate. |
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Definition
| To bring charges against a public official. |
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| he upheld Republican Reconstruction laws and ruled that paper money was not a legal substitute for specie. |
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Term
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Definition
| acted as a spy for the radicals in cabinet meetings. President Johnson asked him to resign in 1867. |
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| derogatory term for Southerners who were working with the North to buy up land from desperate Southerners. |
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Definition
| derogatory term applied to Northerners who migrated south during the Reconstruction to take advantage of opportunities to advance their own fortunes by buying up land from desperate Southerners and by manipulating new black voters to obtain lucrative government contracts. |
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Term
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Definition
| U.S. offered to take Alaska from Russia. |
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Term
| Secretary of State William Seward |
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Definition
| eager expansionist, he was the energetic supporter of the Alaskan purchase and negotiator of the deal often called "Seward's Folly" because Alaska was not fit for settlement or farming. |
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Term
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Definition
| he invaded Mexico when the Mexican government couldn't repay loans from French bankers. |
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Definition
| European prince appointed by Napoleon III of France to lead the new government set up in Mexico. After the Civil War, the U.S. invaded and he was executed, a demonstration of the enforcement of the Monroe Doctrine to European powers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Declared that Europe should not interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere and that any attempt at interference by a European power would be seen as a threat to the U.S. |
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| U.S. president 1873-1877. Military hero of the Civil War, he led a corrupt administration, consisting of friends and relatives |
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| Settled the Northern claims between the U.S. and Great Britain. |
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| Secretary of State Hamilton Fish |
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Definition
| A member of the Grant administration, he was an able diplomat who peacefully settled conflicts with Great Britain through the Treaty of Washington |
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| Liberal Republicans sought honest government and nominated Greeley as their candidate. |
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| Rutherford B. Hayes - liberal Republican, Civil War general, he received only 165 electoral votes. Samuel J. Tilden - Democrat, received 264,000 more popular votes that Hayes, and 184 of the 185 electoral votes needed to win. 20 electoral votes were disputed, and an electoral commission decided that Hayes was the winner - fraud was suspected. |
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| Compromise of 1877 provisions |
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Definition
| Hayes promised to show concern for Southern interests and end Reconstruction in exchange for the Democrats accepting the fraudulent election results. |
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Definition
| Term applied to the one-party (Democrat) system of the South following the Civil War. |
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Term
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Definition
| separation of blacks and whites, mostly in the South, in public facilities, transportation, schools, etc |
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| North Carolina free black, he became a senator in 1870. |
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Definition
| the only black to be elected to a full term until Edward Brooke in 1966 |
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Term
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Definition
| ruled it was unconstitutional for bounty hunters or anyone but the owner of an escaped slave to apprehend that slave, thus weakening the fugitive slave laws. |
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Term
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Definition
| Missouri slave sued for his freedom, claiming that his four year stay in the northern portion of the Louisiana Territory made free land by the Missouri Compromise had made him a free man. |
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Term
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Definition
| overturned this ruling. It upheld both the constitutionality of the Fugitive Slave Act and the supremacy of federal government over state government. |
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Term
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Definition
| decided that the Acts were constitutional and the states must obey them. |
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