Term
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Definition
| responding to environmental challenges as they occur |
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Term
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Definition
| organizing experiences into concepts |
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Term
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Definition
| cognitive methods used by child to organize SCHEMES and EXPERIENCES to DIRECT SUBSEQUENT ACTIONS. |
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Term
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Definition
| balance between what the child knows and can act on and what the environment provides |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to take a new situation and change it to match an existing SCHEME or GENERALIZATION |
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Term
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Definition
| the development of a new SCHEME in response to the reality of a situation, or DISCRIMINATION |
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Term
| Piaget's hierarchical development of COGNITION (period, age) |
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Definition
1. Sensorimotor period (age birth-2)
2. Preoperational period (age 2-7)
3. Concrete Operations (age 7-11)
4. Formal Operations (age 11-teen) |
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Term
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Definition
1. reflexive
2. primary circular reaction
3. secondary circular reaction
4. coordination of secondary schemata
5. tertiary circular reaction
6. inventions of new means through mental combinations
7. progression from reflexive to mental representation |
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Term
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Definition
1 month
SCHEMES begin in response to reflexes |
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Term
| Primary circular reactions |
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Definition
2-4 months
child learns about CAUSE AND EFFECT as a result of reflexive sensorimotor patterns that are REPEATED for ENJOYMENT |
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Term
| Secondary circular reactions |
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Definition
5-8 months
VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT PATTERNS emerge due to COORDINATION OF VISION and HAND function |
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Term
| Secondary circular reactions |
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Definition
5-8 months
VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT PATTERNS emerge due to COORDINATION OF VISION and HAND function |
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Term
| Coordination of secondary schemata |
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Definition
9-12 months
VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT in response to stimuli that can't be seen such as in object permanence, early development of decentered thought |
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Term
| Tertiary circular reactions |
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Definition
12- 18 months
SEEKS out NEW SCHEMES with improved GM and FM skills, tool use begins |
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Term
| Inventions of new means through mental combinations |
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Definition
18 months- 2 years
child demo insight and purposeful tool use, and explores problem solving options; the ability to represent concepts w/out direct manipulation emerges |
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Term
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Definition
1. Classification
2. Seriation
3. Conservation |
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Term
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Definition
| categorizing objects according to similarities and differences |
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Term
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Definition
| relationship of one object or classification of objects to another |
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Term
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Definition
the end product of the preoperational period
Child is able to recognize the continuities of an object or class of objects in spite of apparent changes |
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Term
| Two phases of Preoperational Period (age, description) |
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Definition
1. Preconceptual (2-4 yrs), child expands vocabulary and symbolic representation
2. Intuitive Thought Phase (4-7 years), child imitates, copies, or repeats what is seen or heard and bases conclusions on what he/she believes to be true rather than on logic. Inductive reasoning transitions child to next stage. |
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Term
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Definition
1. reversibility
2. rules
3. Empirico-inductive thinking
4. logical thinking |
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Term
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Definition
| an expansion of conservation, leads to an increased spatial awareness |
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Term
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Definition
| as rules are better understood, they are also applied |
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Term
| Empirico-inductive thinking |
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Definition
| child solves problems with the information that is obvious and present |
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Term
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Definition
| child uses logical thinking on observed or mentally represented objects, enjoying games with rules which help the child adjust to social demands |
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Term
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Definition
Hypothetico-deductive thinking- ability to analyze and plan
child uses logic to hypothesize many ways to solve problems; can draw from past experiences to imagine effect on future |
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Term
| Piaget stated that maturation of cognition depends on: |
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Definition
1. organic growth, esp of nervous system and endocrine glands
2. experience in actions performed
3. social interaction and transmission
4. balance of opportunities for assimilation and accommodation |
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