Term
| What is Mycobacterium bovis? |
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Definition
| BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS--ZOONOTIC/REPORT |
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Term
| What are signs of bovine TB? |
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Definition
GRANULOMAS in lungs, chest wall
chronically debilitated without watery diarrhea of Johne's
enlarged superficial cervical LN
dyspnea/hacking |
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Term
|
Definition
First: intradermal caudal tail fold test
confirmatory: comparative cervical test (CCT) on neck |
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Term
| What does MycoPLASMA bovis cause? |
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Definition
| MASTITIS (fibrosis), OE/OM with head tilt, joint problems, respiratory problems...highly contagious |
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Term
| How is mycoplasma bovis dx? |
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Definition
| culture on Hayflick's agar in microaerophillic environment |
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Term
| What is myophophorylase deficiency? |
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Definition
CHARLOIS, born with deficiency in phosphorylase
Signs: exercise intolerance and collapse |
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Term
| How does myophosphorylase deficiency show up on clin path? |
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Definition
| increased AST, CK, and LDH |
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Term
| What is myotonia congenita? |
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Definition
autosomal domination mutation of SKELETAL MUSCLE CL CHANNELS
Non-progressive general RIGIDITY after tactile, autitory, visual STIMULATION |
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Term
| HOw is myotonia congenita dx? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is necrotic laryngiits? |
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Definition
| calf diptheria in older calves (6m-18m) in UNSANITARY conditions or feedlots with clost confinement |
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Term
| What are clinical signs of calf diptheria? |
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Definition
| respiratory distress, WET PAINFUL COUGH, mucopurulent nasal discharge, excessive salivation |
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Term
| How is calf diptheria treated? |
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Definition
| ISOLATE sick animals, MICOTIL, PE daily on other calves |
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Term
| What is meant by 'nervous coccidiosis'? |
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Definition
| <1y old calves that have an enteric infection with EIMERIA that can produce a neurotoxin |
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Term
| What is meant by nervous ketosis? |
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Definition
| HYPEREXCITABILITY, AGGRESSION, ataxia |
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Term
| What are ddx for nervous ketosis? |
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Definition
| rabies, BSE, hypoMg tetany |
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Term
| What causes obturator nerve paralysis? |
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Definition
| post-partum cows, compresses the obturator nerve against the bony canal as the calf passes |
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Term
| How is obturator nerve paralysis treated in cattle? |
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Definition
| soft bedded stall, NSAIDs |
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Term
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Definition
| developmental disorder; assymetrical ossifciation of epiphyseal cartilage in shoulder, elbow, stifle, hock |
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Term
| What lesions are associated with Ostertagia? |
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Definition
young <2 yo on pasture-chronic dz
"Moroccan leather" ABOMASUM cobblestone |
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Term
| What classes of infections are caused by Ostertagia? |
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Definition
Type I: naive calves, Type II: dormant in gastric glands and emerge in SPRING (can have LOWER egg counts with lots of larvae indicating INHIBITED 4TH STAGE WAITING TO GET OUT OF GLANDS),
Full blown type II: lots of larvae emerging causing abomasal dysfunction and possibly death |
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Term
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Definition
| deworm cows post-calving, calves by midsummer, all stock in fall; regular herd deworming 2-4x/yr with IVER/ABZ/FBZ |
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Term
| How is Papillomavirus treated? |
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Definition
| autogenous vaccine by isolating some warts from the herd |
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Term
| What are signs of parturient paresis? |
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Definition
| "milk fever" weakness, flaccid paralysis, tachycardia |
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Term
| What is the treatment for milk fever? |
|
Definition
| IV CA GLUCONATE (CARDIOTOXIC--BRADYCARDIA/ARRYTHMIAS--STOP) |
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Term
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Definition
LOW THIAMINE(diet or thiaminase in Bracken Ferns)
HIGH SULFUR: high molasses-urea diet, corn/sugar byproducts, alfalfa)
Actue Pb tox, acute Na/water toxicity |
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Term
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Definition
| DORSO-MEIDAL STRABISMUS (STARGAZING!!) |
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Term
| What lesions are associated with PEM? |
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Definition
| CEREBRAL CORTICAL NECROSIS: lights up under UV |
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Term
| DDx for post-partum down cow: |
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Definition
| obturator nerve paralysis, parturient paresis (milk fever), septic mastitis, forgotten twin |
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Term
| Why does postparturient hemoglobinuria occur? |
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Definition
1ST MONTH OF LACTATION
HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA: decrease RBC ATP, cells can't maintain membrane pumps and lyse! |
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Term
| What abnormalities are seen in clin path for a pyloric outflow obstruction in cattle? |
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Definition
| decreased chloride + metabolic alkalosis because intestines cannot reabsorb Cl back into bloodstream |
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Term
| What things are felt on the right side of a rectal exam? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the best way to diagnose renal failure in cattle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the reticulum do? |
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Definition
honeycomb
esophagus empties food into reticulum |
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Term
| What are the ringworm of cattle? |
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Definition
Trichophyton verrucosum
Trichophyton mentagrophytes (goats too) |
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Term
| What would be a normal rumen fluid analysis? |
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Definition
| olive, brownish green, slightly viscous, mostly GN bacteria, ciliate/flagetllate protozoa **PH 6.5-6.8*** |
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Term
| What would a rumen pH of <4.5 with a burnt almond odor indicate? |
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Definition
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Term
| What would a rumen pH of <5.5 possibly indicate? |
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Definition
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Term
| What would a rumen pH >7.5 indicate? |
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Definition
| urea toxicity, too many antacids |
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Term
| What are signs for Salmonella typhimurium? |
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Definition
| fever, scleral injection, foul smelling watery feces, can be invasive and lead to sepsis |
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Term
| What is the treatment for Salmonella typhimurium? |
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Definition
| Ceftiofur intil sensitivity comes back |
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Term
| What is the definative host for Sarcocystis hirsuta? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is sodium iodid used to treat? |
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Definition
| wooden tongue (actinobacillus) and lumpy jaw (actinomyces) |
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Term
| What is considered a normal somatic cell count? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the stomach worms? |
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Definition
| Haemonchus, ostertagia, trichostrongylus |
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Term
| What does Streptococcus agalactiae treat? |
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Definition
| mastitis; only organism that responds to treatment during laction (intramammary infusion) |
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Term
| What are ddx for sudden death in calves? |
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Definition
| white mm dz, entertoxemia, colibacillosis, encephalitic IBR, severe salmonellosis |
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Term
| Where is Clostridium tetani contracted from in cattle? |
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Definition
| ATAXIA from birth after late getstion BVD INFECTION; recent metritis/uterine infection |
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Term
| How does tetanus cause clinical signs? |
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Definition
| toxin moves up neurons--binds to GABA receptors--leads to tetany (muscle coordination affected due to lack of negative feedback |
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Term
| What are signs of tetanus? |
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Definition
INFECTED UMBILICAL STUMP + sawhorse stance is tetanus until proven otherwise
stiff gait, trismus(lock jaw), elevated "pump handle" tail, sensitive to stimuli, protruded 3rd eyelid |
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Term
| What is the treatment for tetanus? |
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Definition
| EARLY: anti-toxin, muscle relaxants (Ace, phenobarb, valium), high dose pen, dark stall/good footing |
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Term
| What are ddx for tetanus? |
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Definition
| PEM, salt tox, Pb posioning |
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Term
| What is the eruption pattern for bovine teeth? |
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Definition
decidious at birth
incisiors: 2y,3y,4y (no uppers)
Canines at 4-5 y
0033/3133 |
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Term
| ___ is a large bore metal tube with sharp pointed metal rod slipped inside that is used to puncture the rumen in cases of bloat when you can't pass a tube. |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you treat uterine torsion? |
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Definition
| if clockwise: push forward on the vagia while rolling cow clockwise(stabilize uterus and rotate cow around it) |
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Term
| What is a sign of vagal indigestion? |
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Definition
| PAPPLE SHAPE: pear on right apple on left |
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Term
| What are four types of vagal indigestion? |
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Definition
TYPE I: FREE GAS BLOAT: secondary to inflammatory lesions in vagus nerve vicinity (localized peritonitis, chronic pneumonia, traumatic retioculoperitojniits)
TYPE II: failure of omasal transport (usually due to reticular adhesions/abscesses from hardware dz)
TYPE III: abomasal impaction
TYPE IV: partial forestomach impaction |
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Term
| What are the 3 common domestic vesicular diseases in cattle? |
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Definition
| BVD, IBR, BOVINE PAPULAR STOMATITIS |
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Term
| What are the reportable vesicular dz? |
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Definition
| MCF, FMD, blue tongue, rinderpest, vesicular stomatitis |
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Term
| What is white muscle disease? |
|
Definition
SE/VIT E DEF: NUTRITIONAL MYOPATHY
SUDDEN DEATH, endocardial PLAQUES in young animals with recent VIGOROUS EXERCISE, young/fast growing animals |
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Term
| What are signs of White mm dz? |
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Definition
| DYSPNEA (BC MYOCARDIAL DZ), stiff gait, arched back, weakness, recubent but BAR |
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Term
| What is winter dysentery? |
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Definition
| explosive outbreak of WATERY DIARRHEA, CLOTTED BLOOD, all ages stabled in winter |
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Term
| What is the withdrawl time for Ceftiofur (naxcel)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the meat w/d time for Sulfadimethoxine? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the meat w/d time for Pen G in cattle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the meat w/d time for oxytetracycline in cattle? |
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Definition
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