Term
| Driving force behind mass movements: |
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Definition
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Term
| Factors that determine landslide potential: |
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Definition
Slope angle,
local relief,
thickness of "cover" over bedrock,
Orientation of planes of weaknesses of bedrock,
Climatic factors: Ice, Water, Rain, Vegetaion |
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Term
| Materials involved in landslides |
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Definition
Rock: undergoes physical and chemical weathering.
Soil: Composed of rock particles, clay, water and organic matter |
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Term
| Silt, Clay, Water leads to... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Applied to soils and surficial material, slow downward plastic movement. |
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Term
| Surface creep is a result of the... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Mass movement of a single, intact mass of rock, soil, or unconsolidated material along a weak plane, such as a fault, fracture, or bedding plane. A slide may involve as little as a minor displacement of soil or as much as an entire mountainside. |
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Term
| In Pt. Fermin, there is an example of a... |
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Definition
| translational slide right on the coast. |
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Term
| In 1963 in Vaiont, Italy, there was a... |
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Definition
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Term
| In 1925, in Gros Ventre, Wyoming, there was a... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Downward and outward movement of rock on unconsolidated material as unit or as series of units. Also called slope failure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Crown, head scarp, head, minor scarp, transverse cracks, foot, transverse ridges, radial cracks |
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Term
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Definition
| A relatively rapid mass-movement that involves a mixture of rock, soil, vegetation, and water moving downslope as a viscous fluid. Within a flow (such as a mudflow), each particle, regardless of its size, moves independently. |
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Term
| In La Conchita, CA, there is... |
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Definition
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Term
| In 1958, in Portuguese Bend, CA, there was... |
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Definition
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Term
| Places where Debris flow has happened: |
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Definition
Frank, Alberta
Peru, South America
Nevada |
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Term
| How to prevent a landslide: |
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Definition
1. Unload the head
2. Strengthen the body
3. support the toe |
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Term
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Definition
| Rock Bolts, Rock Wall, Retaining wall at toe of slope |
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Term
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Definition
| The lowering of earth's surface. |
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Term
| How does subsidence occur? |
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Definition
1. Regional land compaction.
2. Oil and Groundwater withdrawal.
3. Catastrophic subsidence/collapse sinkholes |
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Term
| There is a sinkhole in... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| capacity to raise the temperature of a mass, expressed in calories. |
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Term
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Definition
| amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1 degree Celsius at a pressure of 1 atm |
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Term
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Definition
| amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of a substance y 1 degree celsius |
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Term
Condensation...
Evaporation... |
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Definition
warms the air (releases heat)
cools the water (removes heat) |
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Term
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Definition
| Thick, gray clouds blanketing sky |
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Term
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Definition
| Fair weather clouds which develop vertically |
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Term
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Definition
| Thunderheads extending from low to high altitudes (7,000 to 75,000 feet) |
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Term
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Definition
| A Jet Stream induced cyclone involving the interaction of cold and warm fronts. |
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Term
| Towering Cumulus Stage of storm development |
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Definition
1. Warm, humid air, called updrafts, rise up from the ground.
2. As the air cools to its dew point, condensation begins forming a cloud. |
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Term
| Mature Stage of storm development |
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Definition
3. ice crystals/water drops grow big enough to overcome the updraft.
4. in summer, ice melts on the way down.
5. The falling precipitation and air form downdrafts.
6. Updrafts continue feeding warm, humid air into the storm. |
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Term
| Difference between thunderstorm and strong or severe thunderstorm |
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Definition
| the strong ones have cold upper air disturbance, while the meh ones only have cool air aloft. |
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Term
| Dissipating stage of storm development |
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Definition
7. downdrafts choke off updrafts
8. Storm begins to die off. |
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Term
| Elements of a single cell |
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Definition
| Rain and hail, warm air rises vertically |
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Term
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Definition
| Tornado, large hail, heavy rain, light rain, wall cloud, small hail |
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of positively charged ions to negatively charged areas or vice versa. |
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Term
| In regard to tornadoes, the dry line... |
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Definition
| separates dry air from moist air. |
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Term
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Definition
1. A spinning tube of air formed by low-level wind shear...
2. is pushed down by the storm's downdraft and tilted into columns...
3. one spinning clockwise, the other spinning counterclockwise...
4. the updraft stretches the counterclockwise spinning column into a tornado...
5. the clockwise column isn't stretched and spins slower - it might form a small funnel cloud that circles the larger tornado. |
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Term
| Utica IL, April 20, 2004: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Tornado damage and wind scale. Enhanced Fujita goes with wind speed only. |
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Term
| March 18, 1925 was when the.... |
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Definition
| tri-state tornado hit missouri, southern illinois, and indiana. |
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Term
| In 1999, in Oklahoma, there was a... |
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Definition
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Term
| On April 26, 1991, there was... |
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Definition
| an outbreak of 55 tornadoes in Andover, Kansas that left 24 dead. |
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Term
| The ingredients a hurricane needs: |
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Definition
1. 200 feet of 80 degree water or higher.
2. Converging winds near water's surface.
3. Unstable air so rising continues.
4. Humid air up to 18,000 feet.
5. Pre-existing winds need to be going the same direction.
6. An upper atmosphere high-pressure area. |
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Term
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Definition
...Rainband Rainband Eyewall Eye Eyewall Rainband Rainband...
eye develops with 74 mph winds |
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Term
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Definition
| Clockwise winds that establish the steering currents for many hurricanes. When the Bermuda high is larger, it guides hurricanes into the United States. |
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Term
| 1992, Hurricane Andrew hit... |
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Definition
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Term
| Cape Verde Hurricanes originate near... |
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Definition
| the Cape Verde Islands near Africa |
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Term
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Definition
| at least 300 miles away from the equator, so the Coriolis effect will be strong enough. There is no Coriolis effect at the equator. |
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Term
| The hurricane season runs from... |
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Definition
| June 1st to November 30th |
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Term
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Definition
| A hurricane induced pile of water, covering land in up to 20 feet of water. |
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Term
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Definition
| North Carolina Coast, September 2003 |
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Term
| The Force of Moving water... |
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Definition
| 2 ft deep, 1000 lb lateral force, 1500 lb buoyancy force. |
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Term
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Definition
| packs a punch of 500 lb of lateral force. |
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Term
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Definition
| meandering streams which flow into deltas. |
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Term
| The Mississippi River Basin is... |
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Definition
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Term
| Main characteristics of a stream: |
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Definition
1. Discharge
2. Load
3. Slope
4. Channel pattern |
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Term
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Definition
= (n+1)/m
where n = no. years of data
and m = rank in data set |
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Term
| Building on flood plains... |
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Definition
| increase the risk of flood hazards. |
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Term
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Definition
Upstream location, limited to individual tributaries in drainage basin.
Short duration.
Difficult to predict.
Often result in property loss and casualties. |
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Term
| Big Thompson Canyon, Coloardo, 1976 |
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Definition
| Flood! 139 fatalities, 12.5 inches of rain in 4 hours. |
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Term
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Definition
| Claimed 237 lives in 1972 |
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Term
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Definition
Downstream locatinos
Crest advances
Predictable
Can result in great property loss along floodplain |
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Term
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Definition
| Meeting of two bodies of water |
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Term
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Definition
| maximum height of a flood moving along |
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Term
| Craters covering the lunar surface... |
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Definition
| reflect the violent history of impacts. |
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Term
| Where do you find Meteoroids, Meteors, and Meteorites? |
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Definition
| Space, Earth's Atmosphere, Earth |
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Term
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Definition
Sometimes called dirty snowballs or icy mudballs
they are a mixture of ices (both water and frozen gases) and dust that for some reason didn't get incorporated into the planets when the solar system was formed. |
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Term
| What happened in 1997 related to astronomy? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Created by a meteorite with 40 meter diameter, 300,000 tons, 15 km/sec. The crater itself is 1 km wide and 185 m deep |
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Term
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Definition
| A mass extinction marks the Cretaceous-Tertiary Period boundary (65 million years ago). Victims include dinosaurs and many marine families. Explanations have included global climate change, disease, and changes in food sources. |
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Term
| Evidence for an impact induced K/T event: |
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Definition
Iridium-rich clay layer.
Shocked quartz grains.
Spherules indicative of melting and resolidification.
Isotope ratios similar to meteorites vs. Earth crust.
Abundant microscopic diamonds.
Carbon rich grains indicative of global fires. |
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