• identified as high risk
• signs or symptoms of health problems
• extreeme difficulty or pain on observation or exercise

1. Diagnose medical condition
2. Prescribe treatment
3. Prescribe diets
4. Provide treatment of any kind of injury or disease
5. Provide rehabilitation services for clients
6. Provide counseling services for clients

READ the Table 6.1

Guidelines for health and fitness professionals

General and medical history

Occupation, lifestyle, medical, and personal info

Physiologic assessments

body comp testing

cardio assessments

static and dynamic postural assessments

performance assessment

What is defined

• Low risk
• Moderate risk
• High risk

• no signs or symptoms of cardio pulmonary or metabolic disease, and have <=1 cardio disease risk factor
• no signs or symptoms of cardio pulmonary, or metabolic disease but have >=2 cardio disease risk factor
• somone who has one or more signs or symptoms of cardio pulmonary, metabolic disease

Clients occupation

and

General lifestyle traits

tight hip flexors (rectus femoris, TFL, ilipsoas)

Could lead to

Rounding of the shoulders and forward head

low energy expenditure

potential poor cardio

Shoulder and neck soreness

tight latissimus dorsi

weakness in the rotator cuff

tight gastrocnemius, soleus, and achilles tendon,

results in flatteneing of the arch of the foot

elevated Resting heart rate

elevated blood pressure,

abnormal breathing patterns

What is the basic function of each of these medications?

1. beta blockers
2. calcium channel blockers
3. nitrates
4. diuretics
5. broncholdilators
6. vasodialators
7. antidepressants

1. high blood pressure or irregular heart rate
2. for hypertension and angina(chest pain)
3. for hypertension, congestive heart failure
4. for hypertension, congestive heart failure, peripheral edema
5. to correct or prevent bronchail smooth muscle constriction with asthma and other pulmonary disease
6. treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure
7. treatement of various psychiatric and emotional disorders

1. physiological measurments
2. body comp assessments
3. cardiorespiratory assessments
4. Static posture assessment
5. movement assessments (dynamic posture)
6. performance assessment

• Test Heart rate three mornings in a row and average the three readings

• The touch should be gental
• the test must be taken when the client is calm
• All three test must be taken at the same time to ensure accuracy

Male 70bpm

female 75bpm

• Zone 1 - builds aerobic base and aids recovery
• Zone 2 - increases aerobic and anaerboic endurance
• Zone 3 - Builds high-end work capacity

1. Zone 1 65-75%
2. Zone 2 76-85%
3. Zone 3 86-95%

same as APMHR

220-age=HR(max)

then multiply HR(max x appropriate intensity)

• aka Karvonan method
• 220-age=HR(max)
• (HR(max)-HR(rest))x intensity)+HR(rest)

1. Systolic is the amount of pressure exerted against the arterial walls of the heart when the heart contracts
2. Distolic is the amount of pressure exerted against the arterial walls of the heart when the heart rest

• Systolic -<120mm hg
• Diastolic - <80 mm hg

• body weight except stored fat, and includes muscles, bones, water, connective and organ tissures, and teeth

1. Skinfold
2. Bioelectrical impedance
3. underwater weighing (hydrostatic weighing)

• Take a minimum of 2 measurment, each site must be within 1-2 mm to take average
• Open jaw of caliper before removing site
• be meticulous when locating anatomical landmark
• Do not measure after exercise
• instruct clients ahead of time for test protocal
• Dont do it on Obese clients

calculate percentage of body fat.

This formula was chosen for its simple four site upper body measurement process.

1. Biceps: vertical fold on the front of the arm over bicep muscle, halfway between the shoulder and elbow
2. Triceps: vertical fold on back of upper arm, halfway between the shoulder and elbow
3. Subscapular: 45 degree angle, below the angle of the scapula
4. Iliac crest: 45 degree angle, just above the iliac crest and medial to the axillery line.

• Body Fat % x scale weight= fat mass
• Scale weight - fat mass= Lean body mass

• biceps- maximal circumfrance measure with arem extended palm facing forward
• Calves - between ankle and knee

Men: >.95

Women:>.80

• BMI= weight(KG) / Height (m2)
• BMI= weight (LBs) / Height (inches2) x 703

• YMCA 3 minute step test
• Rockport walk test

• 12 inch box
• 96bpm
• 3 minutes
• within 5 seconds of completion record HR for 60s

• record clients weight
• have client walk 1 mile as fast as can be controlled on treadmill
• immideatly record heart rate at 1 mile mark
• Use formula

1. Pronation distortion dyndrome
2. Lower crossed syndrome
3. Upper crossed syndrome

[image]

Characterized by foot prontaion (flat feet) and adducted and internally rotated knees (knock knees)

[image]

Anteriror pelvic tilt to pelvis

Characterized by a forward head and rounded shoulders

[image]

1. foot and ankle
2. knee
3. lumbo pelvic hip complex
4. shoulders
5. head and cervical spine

measures upper extremity agility and stabilization

• Place two pieces of tape on floor 36 inches apart
• get in push up position
• alternate touching on each side for 15 seconds
• repeat 3 trials
• count number of touches and record

[image]

Designed to assess lower extremity agility and neuromuscular control

alway return to center box

Perform test twice for each foot

keep track of time

Record times

add 10s for faults:

a. non hoping leg touches ground

b. hands come off hips

c. foot goes in wrong square

d. foot does not return to center square