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| Goddess of Love and Beauty; Daughter of Zeus; Roman Name is Venus |
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| God of Light, Prophecy, Medicine, Truth; God of Poetry; Sometimes called the Sun God; (Helius was the True Sun God); Phoebus, Hyperion; Son of Zeus; Twin Brother of Artemis; Roman Names are Apollo, Sol |
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| God of War; Son of Zeus and Hera; Roman Name is Mars |
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| Goddess of Hunting and the Moon; also called Cynthia, Hecate, Phoebe, Selene; Daughter of Zeus; Twin Sister of Apollo; Roman Name is Diana |
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| Goddess of wisdom also called Athene, Pallas Athene; daughter of Zeus alone; Roman name is Minerva |
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| A God of Underworld who ferries the souls of the dead across the river Styx in the Underworld; has no Roman name |
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| Goddess of flowers; Roman name is Flora |
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| Father of Zeus; ruler of Titans; Roman name is Saturn |
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| Goddess of agriculture; Roman name is Ceres |
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| God of wine and revelry; Roman name is Baachus |
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| God of Love; Son of Aphrodite; Roman name is Cupid |
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| God of Underworld; also called Pluto; brother of Zeus; Roman names are Pluto, Dis, and Orcus |
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| God of Sun; also known as Helios; no Roman name |
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| God of Fire; Son of Hera; Sometimes said to be the son of Zeus |
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| Goddess of Women and Childbirth; Wife of Zeus; Queen of the Gods and of the Heavens |
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| Messenger of the Gods; god of oratory and eloquence; God of trade and travelers, of manual skill, of the wind; and patron of athletes; his attributes are the most complex and varied of the major gods; son of Zeus; Roman name is Mercury |
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| Goddess of fire and the hearth; the symbol of the home; sister of Zeus; Roman name is Vesta |
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| Goddess of the Rainbow; messenger of the gods; has no Roman name |
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| God of flocks and shepherds, forests and wildlife, and fertility; Roman name is Faunus |
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| God of Sea; Brother of Zeus; Roman name is Neptune |
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| a sea god; has the gift of prophecy and the power to assume different shapes at will; has no Roman name |
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| mother of the gods; mother of Zeus; Roman name is Bona Dea, Magna Mater, Terra, Opis |
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| Goddess of fortune or chance; Roman name is Fortuna |
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| the supreme god; Jupiter, and Jove |
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| The god of beginnings, openings, entrances, doorways, and endings; This is a Roman God; There is no Greek equivalent. |
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| a source of many unforeseen troubles |
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| fatal weakness in spite of overall strength |
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| Beware of Greeks Bearing Gifts |
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| Rise From The Ashes of the Phoenix |
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| someone whom no one believes |
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| Caught Between Scylla and Charybdis |
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| Caught between two unattractive choices |
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| What are the unusual circumstances of Pallas Athena's birth? |
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| She jumped out of Zeus's head(literally) full grown and in full armor. |
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| Identify and describe at least three mythological creatures who are neither human nor divine. |
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| Look on page 41 for the answers! |
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| Who are the Muses? Name at least three of the arts they represent. |
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The Muses were nine of Zeus’s daughters. Their mother was Mnemosyne. They represent history (Clio), astronomy (Urania), tragedy (Melpomene), comedy (Thalia), dance (Terpsichore), epic poetry (Calliope), love poetry (Erato), songs to the gods (Polyhymnia), and lyric poetry (Euterpe). |
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| How and why does Zeus finally intervene in the story of Persephone's abduction? What does he bid Hades do? |
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| Zeus finally intervenes in the story of Persephone’s abduction when he thinks that mankind may die due to famine. Therefore he bids his brother to release Persephone so that Demeter will no longer be depressed. |
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| What is the sad fate of Semele? What happens to her son? |
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Semele died by the strike of Zeus’s thunderbolt. Zeus saved Dionysus, her son, from having the same fate by keeping him safe while he was near birth. |
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| What is the great suffering that Dionysus must endure? |
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| Dionysus must endure a terrible death with the coming of every winter. Every winter Dionysus’s body is ripped to pieces. |
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| What are two reasons why Zeus punished Prometheus? What is his punishment? |
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| Zeus punished Prometheus because he gave the humans the gift of fire and because he tricked the gods into taking the undesirable parts of the sacrifice from the humans therefore giving the humans the best parts of the sacrifice. Prometheus’ punishments was that he would be shackled to a jagged rock and every evening a bird would come, rip his stomach open, and eat his liver. Then once his flesh healed the same thing would occur the next evening. |
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| Why does Zeus create Pandora? |
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Pandora was created by Zeus to punish man. |
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| Describe the tragic death of Hyacinthus. |
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| Hyacinthus died an accidental death when a discus thrown by his friend, Apollo, hit him in the head. |
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| Describe what happens when Psyche shines the lamplight on her sleeping husband. |
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Definition
| Psyche is saved by the movement of her hand because the knife with which she was about to kill her husband falls. On the other hand the movement of her hand betrays Psyche because the oil from the oil lamp drips and wakes her husband. |
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| Give two reasons why Venus accepts Psyche as her daughter- in- law. |
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At the end Venus accepts Psyche as her daughter- in- law because she is made a goddess and she won’t command the attention of the mortal if she is in Olympus. |
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| Describe the origin and the meaning of the linden and oak tree which grow from one trunk. |
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| The origin of the linden and oak tree, which grow from one trunk, was the old couple in mythology that wanted to be together forever. The meaning of this tree is eternal love and companionship. |
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| Who are the Amazons? Who are the Harpies? |
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| The Amazons were group of female warriors while the Harpies were creatures who had the heads of women and the bodies of birds. |
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| What two terrible things does Medea do to get revenge against Jason for his betrayal? |
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Two terrible things that Medea does to get revenge against Jason for his betrayal are to murder his wife and kill the children who she had with Jason. |
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| Why does Phaeton go to the palace of the Sun? |
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| Phaeton goes to the palace of the Sun to see if Helios is his father. |
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| How does Bellerophon eventually anger the gods? |
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| Bellerophon eventually angers the gods when he thinks “thoughts to great for a man” and tries to ride Pegasus to Olympus. |
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What warning does Daedalus give Icarus during their escape? What happens when Icarus does not heed the warning? |
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| On their way to escaping from Crete Icarus’s father tells him not to fly too high because the glue that held the feathers together would melt. When Icarus does not heed his father’s warning he falls and drowns. |
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