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Definition
Choreographer: Pajama Game (Steam Heat), Cabaret, All That Jazz, and Sweet Charity Revival.
Sexual, Turned in feet, vaudevill tricks/humor |
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Early Performing Arts form, a variety show (combination circus and theatreical pieces). Big Time/Medium Time/Small Time. 11 o'clock numbers.
Nicholas Brothers
W. C. Fields
Bert Williams
Eddie Cantor
Al Jolson |
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Labor Opera (musical comedy)
Shown From a working class perspective.
Funded by the Federal Theatre Project. |
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| Wrote Little Johnny Jones, "Give My Regards to Broadway", "Yankee Doodle Boy" |
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| Fayard and Harold, Vaudeville tap dancers and acrobats. Showed the sophistication of African American men. Headliners. |
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Integrated Musicals.
Envisioned an operatic musical where the songs functioned to solve the narrative.
Richard Rodgers (music) and Hammerstein (lyrics)
Showboat, Oklahoma!, Carousel, King & I, South Pacific, Sound of Music, Cinderella, Annie Get Your Gun |
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| Massive musical extravaganza, Tableaux Vivant (high art) or Tin Pan Alley (Low Art) |
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| The music is fully involved in the plot--they are written for one another. Brainchild of Rodgers & Hammerstein Formula |
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First w/ Larry Hart (Rodgers & Hart) then Oscar Hammerstein II (Rodgers & Hammerstein). Composer of Rodgers & Hammerstein team.
Oklahoma! King and I South Pacific Sound of Music Annie Get Your Gun |
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Definition
Composer: Show Boat, Annie Get Your Gun
Collaborated with Oscar Hammerstein II.
Composed "The Way You Look Tonight" (Dorothy Fields) |
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Lyricist
Weber & Fields: "On The Sunny Side of the Street"
Herbert-Fields: Annie Get Your Gun, A Tree Grows In Brooklyn |
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Composer: Anything Goes, Kiss Me, Kate
Witty musicality with implied sexuality |
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Music + Lyrics: Irving Berlin
Libretto: Dorothy Fields
Producer: Rodgers and Hammerstein
Stars: Ethel Merman, Ray Middleton
Source: Life story of Annie Oakley
· Songs: “There’s no Business Like Show Business.” “Anything you can do.” |
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The first "musical" in 1866.
Originally written as a ballet, but turned into a musical melodrama. A hot, hot mess.
pulchritude: emphasizing feminine beauty to cover up how bad the show was. |
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Emcee of a Minstrel Show, the only white man
Ends ever Segment |
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Definition
| In the vaudeville act of a minstrel show, a long speach about nothing. |
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| 11 o'clock number, the main event in a vaudeville show. Right before the closing act. (Al Jolson, Eddie Cantor, Bert Williams, Nicholas Brothers) |
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1915-1918, Intimate, low-budget musicals. Developed the musical comedy structure. Elizabeth Marbury, Jerome Kern, Guy Bolton, and P.G. Wodehouse.
Only 7 ever made |
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Definition
| "Rags to Riches" shows. One of the Begats. Easy to make, all followed the same basic plotline. |
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Definition
| The scene in Show Boat when it is revealed that Julie is mixed race and cannot marry a white man, so her husband mixes her blood with his. |
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| R&H Formula, two lovers sing a song about how they aren't in love, railing on the other. Annie Get Your Gun, My Fair Lady, Sound of Music |
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| Kander (Composer) and Ebb (Lyricist), wrote Cabaret, Chicago, and The Scottsboro Boys, known for Vamps, Screamers, Story Songs, and 3/4 Waltz. Concept Musicals. |
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| New Deal project to fund theatre in the Great Depression. Birthed The Cradle Will Rock. |
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Gypsy; Music: Jule Styne, Lyrics: Stephen Sondheim, Producer: David Merrick. Performed by: Ethel Merman (orig.), Angela Lansbury, Bette Midler, Bernadette Peters, and Patti Lupone.
Screamer--Rose Breaks down. |
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Jazz background. Repurposed songs instead of writing completely new ones.
Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, Peter Pan, Funny Girl. "Don't Rain on My Parade" |
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"The Abominable Showman"
Prolific Producer (~90 shows), 20% of B-Way in 1960 under his Employment. Producer of Gypsy, came out on stage during the show. Total a-hole, but like, awesome. |
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Lyrics: Stephen Sondheim
Libretto- Arthur Laurents
Director- Jerome Robbins
Music- Jule Styne
Producer- David Merrick, Leland
Stars: Ethel Merman
Source: My G String Mother (memoir)
Screamers, Star Vehicle, Musical Comedy, Defies Stereotypes, Breaks Barriers between audience and performer. |
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Definition
Director: My Fair Lady, Camelot.
Possibly Bisexual?
Also wrote for Hollywood. |
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"The Perfect Musical"; Supremely integrated, Musically Brilliant.
Music: Frederick Lowe
Lyrics & Libretto: Alan Jay Lerner
Direcor: Moss Hart
Choreo: Hanya Holm
Producer: Herman Levin
Stars: Julie Andrews, Rex Harrison
Source: Pygmalion, George Bernard Shaw
R&H Tried but couldn't get it right.
Main Characters: Eliza Doolittle and Henry Higgins |
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Choreographer known for Dream Ballets
Choreographed Oklahoma!
Used dance as a fully-formed narrative language. |
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Headliner in the Kit-Kat Club in Cabaret. Original: Jill Hayworth; Film: Liza Minelli; Revival: Natasha Richardson
Must make the choice between keeping her Cabaret lifestyle and aborting her baby--chooses to abort. |
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Song in Show Boat made famous by Paul Robeson.
Composed by Jerome Kern, Lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II. |
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Irving Berlin
Consists of 2 Separate songs that express a different point of view yet are composed to be sung together. The lyrics don't bump into each other; one song is smooth, the other rhythmic
Example: "Old Fashioned Wedding" (Annie GYG) |
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Songs that build throughout the duration: notes get higher and volume increases. inspired by a will/need to survive.
Ex.: "Rose's Turn," "Defying Gravity," "Come to the Cabaret"
(Defining trait of Kander & Ebb) |
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Composer: Annie Get Your Gun (After the death of Jerome Kern)
The Double Song. "Irving's Sexist-Racist Country Show."
"Oh! How I Hate To Get Up In The Morning!" <-- Clip, he wrote and performed it |
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Music: Leonard Bernstein
Lyrics: Stephen Sondheim
Libretto: Arthur Laurents
Director/Chorographer: Jerome Robbins
Producer: Harold Prince & Robert E. Griffith
Songs: "Something's Coming" "Tonight" "America" "Somewhere"
Stars: Chita Rivera, Larry Kert, Carol Lawerence
BROWN FACE |
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Definition
The Original Broadway Diva.
Mama Rose (Gypsy) Annie (Annie Get Your Gun) |
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Definition
| A satirical play with traditional or operatic songs: The Beggar's Opera |
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Definition
Sex, Songs, and Transgressive Comedy
Lydia Thompson, the mother of Burlesque: "Lydia and her British Blondes" |
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Definition
Gilbert (lyricist), Sullivan (Composer)
Famous for Patter Songs
Defined the comic opera: absurd situations, patter songs, articulation, lyrics, inner and end rhyme, lampooning Victorian life.
Pirates of Penzance |
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| The end-men of a minstrel show. Played the tambourine and clappers respectively. |
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| Top paid black actor in his lifetime, a blackface African American performer in minstrel and vaudeville shows |
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| The show-stopper in the second act in a Vaudeville show, the Headliner's song. |
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Eddie Cantor's signature schtick.
"Makin' Whoopee" |
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The Jazz Singer, first "talkie".
"The World's Greatest Entertainer," wore blackface because he was uncomfortable with himself and his identity. |
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| Vaudeville blackface performer, known for banjo eyes. Was in the Follies. Tiny little guy, squirrley looking. "Makin Whoopie" |
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Lyricist with Rodgers (Rodgers and Hart) before Rodgers and Hammerstein.
Small Homosexual Jewish man who hated himself: raging alcoholic.
Known for witty, incisive, sophisticated, cynical, and pyrotechnical music. |
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| Written by Christopher Isherwood, source for I Am A Camera, the source for Cabaret |
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| Composer-lyricist of The Cradle Will Rock, his first musical comedy, though he was already a classical composer. |
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| Made famous by Agnes de Milles, uses choreography as a narrative tool. Oklahoma! |
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| Musical to represent the working class: The Cradle Will Rock. |
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Director/Choreographer: West Side Story, Gypsy
Communist. The "Show Doctor" would come in and fix failing shows: Funny Girl. Died young. |
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Librettist: Gypsy, West Side Story
Director: La Cage Aux Folles |
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Film & Stage Actress
Mame, Gypsy, Sweeney Todd
Mrs. Potts (BATB)
Murder, She Wrote; Picture of Dorian Gray.
4 Tony Awards. |
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Definition
| Producer: Hair (The Public Theatre) |
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Actress & Singer
Originated Eliza Doolittle in My Fair Lady
Came in completely new and inexperienced, intimidated by Hollywood veteran Rex Harrison
Maria The Sound of Music (film) |
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| Author of Pygmalion, the source material for My Fair Lady |
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Kati's Boyfriend.
Lyricist: West Side Story, Gypsy
Music & Lyrics: Into the Woods, Sweeney Todd, Sunday in the Park with George, Company
Mentored (raised) by Oscar Hammerstein II.
"Content Dictates Form, God is in the Details, Less is More, all for the sake of Clairy."
The Concept Musical
Counterpoint, Contrafactum, and Leit Motif |
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Co-Authored Hair with Jerry Ragni
Originated Claude Bukowski |
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Music= Galt McDermot
Lyrics+ book= Ragni, Rado
Director- Tom O’ Horgan
Producer- Michael Butler
Songs= “Aquarius”, “Let the Sun shine in”, “Hair”, “Easy to be Hard”
Performers= Rado, Ragni
An Original Musical "Be-In" |
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Definition
Alan Jay Lerner (Lyricist/Librettist), Frederick "Fritz" Loewe (Composer) team: My Fair Lady, Brigadoon, Camelot
Known for lush scores, sophisticated lyrics, and fantastical settings.
Waltz style music, no syncopation. Loewe 17 years Lerner's senior. |
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| Written by George Bernard Shaw, source material for My Fair Lady. |
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Term
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Definition
| the substitution of one test for another without changing the music |
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Definition
| a combination of two or more melodies that are played simultaneously |
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Definition
| a short recurring musical phrase associated with a particular idea, person, place, or thing. |
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| Alain Boubil & Claude-Michel Schonberg |
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Boubil (lyrics), Schonberg (music) for Les Miserables: originally written in French and translated for Broadway.
Adapted in English by Trevor Nunn & John Caird.
Counterpoint, contrafactum, leitmotif, harmony. |
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| British Composer: Phantom of the Opera, Cats, Evita |
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| Producer of basically every popular British Musical: Les Misérables, The Phantom of the Opera, Mary Poppins, Oliver!, Miss SaigonCats. |
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Definition
Originated: Rum Tum Tugger (Cats), Jerry (A Chorus Line), Javert (Les Miserables), Beast (BATB).
Charles in the upcoming Pippin revival. |
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| Adapted Les Miserables to English for Broadway. |
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DIVA
Evita (Evita), The Cradle Will Rock revival, Anything Goes, Oliver!, Les Miserables, Gypsy, Annie Get Your Gun, Company |
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| Original Anita in West Side Story. Actually of Puerto-Rican descent. |
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REVUE-SICAL/Megamusical
Music: Claude-Michel Schonberg
Lyrics: Alain Boubil
Original French Text: Alain Boubil & Jean-Marc Natel
English Adaptation: Trevor Nunn & John Caird; James Fenton; Herbert Kretzmer
SOURCE: Victor Hugo’s novel of the same name
6680 perf.
- Musical elements carry dramatic heft
- Counterpoint, contrafactum, leitmotif, harmony
- Relatively Simple Staging
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Term
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Definition
| SPECTACLE. Not as much about the story as it is about entertaining and blowing the audience away. Hugely expensive. |
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| Sung-through musical that undermines dramatic momentum in opposition to Aristotle's unity of time. |
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Composer known for simple, hummable melodies. Sondheim's antithesis. Known for marches and waltzes, alternating between major and mind, and inspirational lyrics with twist endings.
Composer & Lyricist: La Cage Aux Folles, Mame, Hello Dolly |
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Music and lyrics: Jerry Herman
Director: Arthur Laurents
Book: Harvey Fierstein
The beginning where not only one person produces a show: the corporatized musical producer
Stars: George Hearn and Gene Barry
"I Am What I Am" |
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Definition
| Orignal Albin in La Cage. "I Am What I Am" |
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Definition
Dat voice.
Wrote the book for La Cage, Newsies, Kinky Boots.
Started performing in drag at 15.
Played Edna Turnblad in Hairspray |
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Term
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Definition
| Choreographer & Director: Company, A Chorus Line, Promises, Promises, Follies, and Dream Girls |
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Term
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Definition
| Original Cassie in A Chorus Line, breifly married to Michael Bennett |
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Definition
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| The process by which A Chorus Line was written: written as they went based on interviews of dancers. |
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Definition
Libretto: George Furth
Music and lyrics: Stephen Sondheim
Director/Producer: Hal Prince
Choreography: Michael Bennett
Stars: Elaine Stritch (Joanne), Dean Jones, Larry Kert
Songs: "Being Alive" "Company" "Ladies Who Lunch"
Non-linear, a series of vignettes. Metaphysical setting. Cynicism is key.
Trapped in their own isolation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Joanne in Company, holding a mug of gin during recording of "Ladies who Lunch" |
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Term
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Definition
| Director's vision must be clear, and the overall concept can precede the script. Nonlinear, fragmented musicals. Tend to do well in revival because they are built as concepts, and can therefore be placed in any context (e.g. Company) |
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Definition
Director & Producer of Company, Cabaret. Produced West Side Story, The Pajama Game
Directed/produced 43 different plays and musicals plus 22 revivals. |
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Term
| Disneyfication of Broadway |
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Definition
| Broadway goes corporate. Times square became a theme park. Theatre belongs to everyone because everyone can relate, but does it really? Tickets are hugely and unnecessarily expensive. |
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Definition
1994 Disney Musical. Incredible advances in costume design, makeup, and tech. Megamusical: huge specitcal.
Dramaturgically driven show, recreating the effects of animation onstage. R&H Formula. |
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Definition
| Wrote the music, lyrics, and book for The Producers |
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Definition
Movical!
New method of marketing and advertising thorugh its stars.
Music & Lyrics: Mel Brooks
Book: Mel Brooks & Thomas Meehan
Stars: Nathan Lane & Matthew Broderick
Won 12 Tonys |
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Definition
Movies made into stage musicals.
Trend in the new millenium.
Ex: Hairspray, Elf, Producers, Legally Blonde |
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Term
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Definition
Modern B-Way Trend
Musicals created by popular Composers/out of popular songs
Ex: All Shook Up, Across the Universe, Movin' Out, Jersey Boys |
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Definition
| Star of The Producers, The Adaams Family. Voice of Timon in Lion King. In La Cage Film. |
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Definition
Music, Lyrics, and Book: Jonathan Larson
Director: Michael Greif
Choreo: Marlies Yearby
Producers: NY Theatre Workshop
Stars: Idina Menzel, Anthony Rapp, Adam Pascal, Jesse L. Martin
Source: La Boheme
"Queer Temporalities"
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Definition
Book, Music, and Lyrics of Rent, Tick, Tick, Boom!, JP Morgan Saves the Nation
Died the morning of the first preview of Rent
Rent was semi-autobiographical--characters loosely based on his own life |
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Definition
| fans obsessed with RENT and buy anything having to do with the show |
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Definition
Actress and Singer
Studied classical music at Julliard
Star: Carrie (Carousel), Sarah (Ragtime), Bess (Porgy & Bess)
Escaped typecasting as a riffing African American woman: told she doesn't "sound black" |
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Term
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Definition
Composer of A New Brain: "Heart and Music"
Composer for The Falsetto Trilogy and Brave Little Toaster
Suffered from the same illness as the main character in A New Brain
Works with James Lapine (Into the Woods) |
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Term
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Definition
Director: Spring Awakening, You're a Good Man Charlie Brown, Millie (2002), American Idiot, Everyday Rapture
Poetry, Politics, and Popcorn
Directed Natl. Tour of "Angels in America" |
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Term
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Definition
Book, Lyrics, and Music: The Book of Mormon
Music & Lyrics: Avenue Q
The Simpsons, Scrubs, Wonder Pets, South Park, Phineas & Ferb, Winnie the Pooh, Wreck-it-Ralph
The golden boy of modern B-way |
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Definition
Musicals that Eat Their Young
Book, Music, & Lyrics: Trey Parker, Matt Stone, Bobby Lopez
Director: Trey Parker, Casey Nichola
Awards on Awards.
Also wrote South Park: Bigger, Longer, and Uncut<--Sondheim says is the best musical of the past 15 years |
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Definition
Music: Duncan Sheik
Lyrics & Libretto: Steven Sater
Director: Michael Mayer
Choreo: Bill T. Jones
Stars: Johnathan Groff, Johnny Gallager, Lea Michelle
Source: 1891 play by Frank Wedekind
Songs: "Bitch of Living" "Totally Fucked" "Mama Who Bore Me" |
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Definition
Megamusical
Music & Lyrics: Stephen Schwartz
Libretto: Winnie Holzman
Director: Joe Mantello
Choreo: Wayne Cilento
Stars: Idina Menzel, Kristin Chenoweth, Joel Grey
Source: Gregory Maguire's novel Wicked
Songs: "Defying Gravity" "For Good" "Popular"
A feminist musical, R&H classic with a girl meets girl formula |
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Term
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Definition
| Music & Lyrics: Wicked, Children of Eden, Godspell, Pippin |
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Term
| Musicals Who Eat Their Young |
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Definition
Irony in the 21st century, head nods to the older forms of musical theatre. Uses tropes you recognize and puts them into their own form. Ex: Book of Mormon, Avenue Q, Urinetown, Family Guy, South Park
IRONY. |
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Term
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Definition
Orig: Elphaba (Wicked), Maureen (Rent)
Famous for her belt, strong female character roles. Not a trained singer (or at least not trained correctly) and has hurt her voice as a result. |
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Term
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Definition
Orig: Glinda (Wicked)
Energetic, blonde, soprano, female lead. |
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Term
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Definition
| Star: The Producers opposite Nathan Lane |
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Term
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Definition
| Modern choreographer for Spring Awakening. Dynamic movement, internal and organic. Intorduced handheld microphones into his choreography. |
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