Term
|
Definition
| An expression of organized sound in time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An object vibrates, creating small variances in air pressure. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vibrations per second or Hz |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Perceived fundamental frequency of a sound. (e.g. "A"=440 Hz) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Volume or dynamics of a sound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Small variations of pitch within a note. Relative strength of overtones determines note color or timbre. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Short line used to extend a staff of music. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organization of pulse or beat. Synonymous with time signature. (3/4, 4/4, 5/8, etc) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A meter with interchangeable time signatures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Melody, Rhythm, Harmony, Texture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organized series of notes. (tune, phrase, theme, motive) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pianissimo - very soft, pp
Piano - soft, p
Mezzo piano - medium soft, mp
Mezzo Forte - medium loud, mf
Forte - loud, f
Fortissimo - very loud, ff |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Two or more notes played at the same time, used to accompany melody |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sounds "at rest"; resolved |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sounds unstable; unresolved |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The beat and/or speed of the notes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Somewhat slow; walking tempo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| On the fast side, but not too fast. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The organization of all the different notes; includes the timbre of the sounds. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A single, unaccompanied melody |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A single, main melody accompanied by other non-melodic sounds. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Two or more melodies are played or sung simultaneously. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Three or more notes played simultaneously. First used during Baroque period. |
|
|
Term
| First Principle of Functional Harmony |
|
Definition
| Chords are not used equally. The 1 chord is used the most, then the 5, then 4,2,6, followed by 7, 3. |
|
|
Term
| Second Principle of Functional Harmony |
|
Definition
| Chord movement is done by leaps of 4. 3-6-2-5-1 |
|
|
Term
| 4 families of orchestral instruments |
|
Definition
| Strings, Woodwinds, Brass, Percussion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| violin, viola, cello, double bass |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| oboe, saxophone, clarinet, bassoon, flute |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| trumpet, trombone, french horn, tuba |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
drums, keyboards (harpsichord, piano), struck strings (guitar, mandolin)
Only percussion used during Baroque period was timpani. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two popular books written by Bach. |
|
Definition
| "The Well-Tempered Clavier" and "The Art of Fugue" |
|
|
Term
| During Baroque period, musicians were seen as ____ rather than _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "Well tempered" tuning was invented during the ____ time period. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During the Baroque time period, music was performed mainly where? |
|
Definition
| churches and royal courts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| piece written for soloist and orchestra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| piece written for several soloists plus an orchestra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A piece written with contrasting soloist and orchestral parts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A polyphonic texture in several voices that uses a melodic subject which is then imitated in the other voices. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An improvised supporting harmonic played by a keyboard and a bass instrument. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Instrumental music written as a series of dance-inspired movements. |
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of Baroque music |
|
Definition
Rhythm patterns are repeated through a song.
Melody fragments also repeat.
Dynamics constant with abrupt changes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Phrases repeat with minor variations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Phrases repeat with minor variations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Jumps from one dynamic to another. No crescendos or decrescendos. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| German composer (1685-1759) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A music setting of a religious libretto for solo voices, chorus, and orchestra. Performed as a drama without scenery or costumes outside of a church. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A musical setting of a religious libretto for solo voices, chorus, and instruments. Performed as part of a church service. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Text of an oratorio, cantata, or opera. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A castrated male singer used to sing female roles. |
|
|
