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Definition
| Organizing groups of students by their capacity to learn or their ability to perform specific tasks. |
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| Cause or causes of habitual failure of a student or students to appear in school or in a specific class |
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| The granting of approval to a school or school district, showing the school has met certain specific standards. Specifically, Texas schools are under the aegis of the Texas Education Agency and the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools |
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| The skills and or other specific behaviors that are demonstrated by students after or as a result of instruction |
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| Tests that measure student what a student can do. Often these tests are standardized measuring areas taught in most schools |
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| An individual’s potential for performance in one or more specific areas |
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| Tests that measure or predict individual performance in one or more specific areas |
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| Admission, Review, and Dismissal (ARD) Committee: |
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Definition
| A committee comprised of teachers and parents of a particular student to determine the need for placement in special education classes or other alternatives. |
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| The gathering of data (information, both objective and subjective in nature) so that an evaluative decision may be made about students’ achievement and/or placement. |
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| Instruction offered and/or presented in English and/or other languages designed to meet the needs of students who speak English as a second language. |
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| The techniques and strategies used to maintain the instructional focus, classroom environment, and pace so that all students may learn |
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| A process directed by each state government to reflect that those receiving permission to teach meet or exceed the qualifications to teach in a specific area |
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| The sections of the curriculum designed to overcome deficiency where subject matter mastery has not been demonstrated |
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| Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) |
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Definition
| Instruction that is based in or assisted by the use to computer software. |
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Definition
| A working familiarity with computers, basic software applications, the internet, and applications within an area of instruction |
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Term
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Definition
| The contractual agreement between a teacher and a school district that indicates that the terms of the contract are to be held in force until such time when one party of contract violates the terms of the contract making said contract void. |
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Definition
| Generally, a means by which student achievement is to be evaluated. It may reflect a standard or level of achievement; it may refer to a quality statement or may be a numeric representation of achievement |
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| Criterion-referenced Test: |
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Definition
| Evaluation of the test score is made in relation to specific criteria rather than the scores of other individuals (Also referred to as objective-,or domain-referenced; A test of mastery is special classification of a criterion-referenced test) |
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Definition
| A course of study, all of the courses of study offered by an institution, a statement of expectations and/or outcomes of a course, a description of the content scope, sequence, materials, delivery system, etc. for course of study |
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Definition
| Using the data from some assessment to determine relative strengths and/or weaknesses of students so that appropriate instruction may be provided |
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| A label developed to describe students who are at or below specific socio-economic criteria levels, often used to determine which special services may be available to enhance academic performance |
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| A systematic approach to maintain an appropriate instructional and learning environment |
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Definition
| An approach to instruction that is primarily problem focused whereby students seek to discover solutions often through active participation |
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Term
| English as a Second Language (ESL): |
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Definition
| The label used to describe students who have a language other than English as their primary language. Also used to describe classes or a specific subject used to facilitate ESL students basic skills so that may participate in classroom activities |
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Definition
| Refers to the decision made regarding a student, course, program, etc. usually based on the results of assessment |
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Definition
| The act of removing or dismissing a student from school for a serious infraction of school policy. This is an extreme action, typically taken by the School Board |
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Definition
| Those activities that enhance the curriculum and the learning process, but are not considered essential to the learning process. |
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| A system of motivation, often based on rewards, that encourages behavior, especially academic behaviors. The reward or motivation is external to the learner. |
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Definition
| Verbal or written response regarding some behavior, often regarding specific academic performance. Generally, feedback is formative rather than summative in nature so that performance can be improved. |
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Definition
| Ongoing evaluation during the process of learning that is both descriptive and prescriptive in nature. |
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Term
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Definition
| The label used for those students who have been identified as “above average ability” in one or more academic concentrations, or who have been assessed as demonstrating a special level of achievement on one or more standardized tests or performance measures. |
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Term
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Definition
| Test scores that are equated with the performance of students in a specific grade level. |
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Term
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Definition
| A person legally designated with the responsibility for another |
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Definition
| Lessons that allow students to do an activity instructed (step-by-step) by the teacher, or by suggestions and corrections during the process of the activity |
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Term
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Definition
| A label, and possibly a legal designation, regarding a student who has been assessed as having a limiting attribute (physical, mental, behavioral) that may contribute to a special learning circumstance, may require special accommodation, or may otherwise affect a student’s ability to participate in instructional activities with his or her peers |
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Term
| SLD Specific Learning Disabilities |
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Definition
• Specific processing deficits identified
• Included in the regular classroom
• Strategist support for modifications and adaptations
• Individual Education Plan (IEP) |
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Term
| EMH Educable Mentally Handicapped |
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Definition
•Concrete learners (see it, feel it, taste it, smell it, hear it)
•Included in the regular classroom
•Strategist support for modifications and adaptations
•Individual Education Plan (IEP) |
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Term
| TMH Trainable Mentally Handicapped |
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Definition
•Life skills training--school experiences relate directly to life skills needed
•Speech therapy is typical
•self-contained and mainstreamed classes
•Individual Education Plan (IEP) |
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Term
| EH Emotionally Handicapped |
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Definition
•Difficulties in responding appropriately to the environment
•Structure and consistency is essential
•Strategist support if mainstreamed or in regular class setting
•Individual Education Plan (IEP) |
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Term
| PMH Profoundly Mentally Handicapped |
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Definition
•Profound handicaps, often compound physical and mental handicaps, that require assistance in most or all functions
•Individual assistance required
•Social stimulation as appropriate
•Self-contained classrooms
•Individual Education Plan (IEP) |
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Term
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Definition
| An instructional accommodation that affords students who temporarily or permanently are unable to attend traditional classes with the opportunity to learn |
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Term
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Definition
| Activities that allow students to work without an instructor |
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Term
| Individualized Education Plan (IEP) |
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Definition
| The instructional plan that provides for the education of special needs students. The IEP is required by federal law and it assures that all students receive the same quality of instruction. |
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Term
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Definition
| A method of punishment for students who commit infractions of school policy that keeps them from attending regular classes while keeping them in school. |
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Term
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Definition
| An active, employed teacher (as opposed to preservice) or some professionally-related instruction provided for teachers and/or staff. |
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Definition
| The outcomes of instruction, generally stated as behaviors to be demonstrated by the students |
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Definition
| Motivation from within the student or from the subject matter. |
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Definition
| a label for students who are identified as having some disorder or inability that hinders the their understanding or use of spoken or written language. |
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Term
| Learning Resource Center (LRC) |
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Definition
| An area in school or class with manipulative and/or enrichment materials. |
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Definition
| Formal structured verbal presentations by the instructor. |
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Term
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Definition
| A written representation of the objectives, materials, activities, and sequence of daily instruction prepared by the teacher in advance of instruction. |
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| Limited English Proficiency (LEP) |
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Definition
| Label for a classification of students who have limited skills in the English language. |
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Definition
| The instructional approach that allows students with handicaps to receive instruction in a “regular” classroom in keeping with the child’s abilities to participate in the least restrictive environment. |
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Definition
| A predetermined level of achievement that reflects full attainment of the instructional objectives. |
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Definition
| The measure of central tendency that is the arithmetic average of a distribution of scores; it functions as the fulcrum of a distribution. |
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Definition
| The measure of central tendency that is the exact midpoint of a distribution of scores |
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Definition
| The measure of central tendency that is the most frequent element (score) in a distribution of scores |
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Term
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Definition
| An instructional approach where the teacher models behaviors or where one student learns from observing the behaviors of another |
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Term
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Definition
| To supervise students during a learning activity or an evaluation activity. |
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Definition
| Refers to a philosophy of instruction that recognizes that our culture is a complex web of many cultures and ethnicities and that this diversity should be recognized and reinforced when appropriate to the instructional setting. |
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Term
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Definition
| A graphic representation of a specific distribution of scores where the mean, median, and the mode are the same score, and specific percentages of scores fall within each standard deviation of the mean. |
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Term
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Definition
| A test that allows for an individual score to be compared to every other score (individual performance is determined in relationship to group performance) and is typically based on the normal curve. |
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Term
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Definition
| A test that is scored based on objective criteria (true-false, multiple-choice, etc.) |
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Term
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Definition
| The rate at which instruction progresses during a class period. Also, a method of instruction that allows for a set time frame for completion. |
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Definition
| One student teaching another |
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Term
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Definition
| The point below which a certain percentage of students fall |
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Term
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Definition
| A test given at the end of a teaching unit to assess student learning |
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Term
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Definition
| A test given before a teaching unit to determine students’ readiness or as a diagnostic test. |
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Term
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Definition
| An approach to instruction that is based on computer process models, where the sequence of activities and learning is highly structured and linearly sequential |
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Term
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Definition
| The employment agreement between a teacher and a district for a one-year period of time. Sometimes also referred to as an annual contract. There is no obligation on the part of either party for renewal. |
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Definition
| The number of correct responses on a test |
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Term
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Definition
| A behavior that demonstrates that a student has matured sufficiently physically, mentally, or emotionally to learn a specific concept, skill, or set of skills. |
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Term
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Definition
| Anything that makes a behavior more likely to occur. |
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Definition
| A program for assisting students who have not achieved mastery. |
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Definition
| The practice of keeping students in a grade level because of achievement |
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Definition
| The extent of the content to be presented and the order in which it will be presented |
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Definition
| Method of teaching that allows each student to set his/her rate of learning/instruction. Also referred to as individualized instruction. |
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Definition
| The practice of students advancing a grade level who have not met the achievement level, but who are advanced to keep them with their same-age peers |
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Definition
| A way to categorize students on the basis of cultural, social, and economic considerations. |
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Definition
| Curriculum developed for students with special needs whose needs cannot be met in the traditional classroom setting. |
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Term
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Definition
| A test where items are constructed so that the determination of a correct response is relatively objective rather than subjective in nature. Conceptually, there is always a correct response (multiple-choice format is the most widely accepted question format of standard objective tests). |
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Term
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Definition
| Tests developed and administered under strict conditions to a very large number of test-takers so that norms (standards) are known and comparisons of individual scores can be made to these standards |
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Definition
| Terminal or final evaluation. A decision rendered based on assessment over the length of a class, course of study, or schooling. |
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Definition
| A disciplinary action imposed on student who has committed an infraction of school or district policy restraining a student from attending classes for a specific period of time. |
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Definition
| An instructional approach where more than one teacher shares the responsibility for instruction |
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Definition
| An employment agreement set between the district and a teacher that specifies the exact length of the terms of the contract. |
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Definition
| The time students spend actively engaged with an instructional task. |
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Definition
| The practice of missing a class without an excuse. |
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Definition
| Classes offered on the secondary level that prepare students for practical training in specific occupations |
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