Term
| The phrase that best describes the general shape of melody during the Romantic period is: |
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Definition
| Long singable lines with powerful climaxes and chromatic inflections for expressiveness |
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Term
| Accurately describe harmony during this period |
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Definition
| Greater use of chromaticism makes the harmony richer and more colorful; sudden shifts to remote chords for expressive purposes; more dissonance to convey feeling of anxiety and longing |
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Term
| In which manner did Romantic period composers typically use rhythm? |
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Definition
| Flexible, languid rhythms obscure the meter and the tempo often slows down to allow for "the grand gesture" |
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Term
| Describe musical color during this period |
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Definition
| The orchestra becomes enormous, reaching more than one hundred performers, with many new instruments added to the ensemble |
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Term
| Describe texture during the Romantic period |
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Definition
| Predominantly homophonic, but dense and rich because of larger orchestra; sustaining pedal on the piano also adds to density |
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Term
| What is the correct definition of "absolute music"? |
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Definition
| Instrumental music free of a text or any pre-existing program |
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Term
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Definition
| (Italian for "robbed") in musical notation, a tempo mark indicating that the performer may take, or steal, great liberties with the tempo |
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Term
Which answer does not apply to "symphonic poem"?
a. synonymous with the term "tone poem"
b. gives musical expression to the emotions and events associated with a story, play, political occurrence, personal experience, or encounter with nature
c. an e |
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Definition
| c. an example of this genre is the Symphonie fantastique |
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Term
| What is a "pentatonic scale"? |
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Definition
| a five-note scale found often in folk music and non-Western music |
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Term
| Nationalism" is best described as: |
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Definition
| a movement in music in the nineteenth century in which composers sought to emphasize indigenous qualities in their music by incorporating folk songs, native scales, dance rhythms, and local instrumental sounds |
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Term
| Which description is appropriate to "overture"? |
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Definition
| an introductory movement, usually for orchestra, that precedes an opera, oratorio, or dance suite |
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Term
| What does the "soft pedal" do? |
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Definition
| shifts the piano's keyboard in order to play at a softer dynamic level |
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Term
| Which definition accurately describes "program music"? |
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Definition
| a piece of instrumental music, usually for symphony orchestra, that seeks to recreate in sound the events and emotions portrayed in some extra-musical source: a story, a play, a historical event, an encounter with nature, or even a painting |
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Term
| What is "incidental music"? |
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Definition
| music to be inserted between the acts or during important scenes of a play to add an extra dimension to the drama |
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Term
| What is the "sustaining pedal"? |
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Definition
| the right-most pedal on the piano; when it is depressed, all dampers are removed from the strings, allowing them to vibrate freely |
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Term
| Which statement applies to "art song"? |
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Definition
| an accompanied song with artistic aspirations |
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Term
| The "program symphony" is |
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Definition
| a symphony with the usual three, four or five movements in which the individual movements together tell a tale or depict a succession of specific events or scenes |
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Term
| The "character piece" is: |
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Definition
| a brief instrumental work seeking to capture a single mood; a genre much favored by composers of the Romantic era |
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Term
| What is the "concert overture"? |
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Definition
| an independent, one-movement work, usually of programmatic content, originally intended for the concert hall and not designed to precede an opera or play |
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Term
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Definition
| Often written for two individuals to play on one piano. Enabled people who rarely had a chance to hear the original version of a composition to become acquainted with the major works of great composers. The transformation and reduction of an orchestral score, and a piece of orchestral music, onto the great staff for playing at the piano |
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Term
| In the 1850s, The Steinway Company began _________________ the piano, a practice whereby the strings of the lowest keys of the piano ride up over those of the middle register, producing a richer, more homogenous sound. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: The nineteenth century was the age of the solo virtuoso. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: From the listener's perspective, the most striking aspect of Romantic music is the dense polyphony and rhythmic intricacy of the music. |
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Definition
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