Term
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Definition
| The length of time a muscle can contract using aerobic pathways. |
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Term
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Definition
| The point at which muscle metabolism converts to anaerobic glycolysis. |
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Term
| ATP & Creatine Phosphate stores = what type of activity? |
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Definition
| Sprinting/Lifting and is Anaerobic |
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Term
| Glycolysis = what type of activity? |
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Definition
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Term
| Respiration = what type of activity? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The force generated by cross bridges (myofibrils). |
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Term
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Definition
| The force used to move a load. |
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Term
| Slow Oxidative Fibers = what type of activity? |
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Definition
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Term
| Fast Oxidative Fibers = what type of activity? |
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Definition
| Aerobic & some Anaerobic Glycolysis |
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Term
| Fast Glycolytic Fibers = what type of activity? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Wide synaptic cleft encompassing many smooth muscle cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Knoblike swellings of certain autonomic axons containing mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. Releases neurotransmitters into diffuse junctions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Attachment sites for intermediate filaments and are anchoring points for thin filaments on smooth muscle cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| A passageway between two adjacent cells; formed by transmembrane proteins called connexons. In smooth muscle it allows action potentials to transmit from cell to cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| The cytoplasmic, calcium-binding protein that activates myosin in smooth muscle. |
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Term
| stress-relaxation response |
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Definition
| Increased tension in a muscle causes it to adapt to it's new length allowing it to relax but still able to contract on demand. |
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Term
| single-unit smooth (visceral) muscle |
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Definition
| Located in the walls of all hollow organs, contracts rhythmically, has gap junctions between cells, exhibits spontaneous action potentials and is quite common. |
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Term
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Definition
| Embryonic mesoderm cells that develop muscle tissue. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| LOAD - FULCRUM - EFFORT. Example: bending head backwards & seesaw. |
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Term
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Definition
| FULCRUM - LOAD - EFFORT. Example: standing on tip-toes & wheel-barrow. |
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Term
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Definition
| LOAD - EFFORT - FULCRUM. Example: biceps curl & tweezers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ability to receive and respond to a stimulus (change in the environment). |
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Term
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Definition
| A fine sheath of connective tissue that surround each individual muscle fiber. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fibrous connective tissue surrounding fascicles. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The layer of dense irregular connective tissue surrounding the whole muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
| Immoveable or less movable bone in which the muscle is attached. |
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Term
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Definition
| Moveable bone to which the muscle is attached. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sheet-like anchor attaching muscle to bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Red pigment that stores oxygen and is similar to hemoglobin but found in the sarcoplasm of a muscle fiber. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rod-like bundle of contractile filaments inside a muscle fiber. |
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Term
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Definition
| Smallest contractile unit of a muscle fiber and is the region of a myofibril between two successive Z discs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Smaller structures within sarcomeres. Thin = Actin, Thick = Myosin |
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Term
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Definition
| Protein which provides the active sites to which the myosin heads attach during contraction. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rod-shaped protein that spirals about the actin core helping to stiffen it. More importantly it blocks myosin binding sites on actin. |
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Term
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Definition
| Three-polypeptide complex that helps control the myosin-actin interactions involved in contractions. Third helps bind calcium ions. |
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Term
| sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) |
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Definition
| Interconnecting tubules surrounding each myofibril. Regulates levels of calcium, storing & releasing it when stimulated. |
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Term
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Definition
| Continuations of the sarcolemma that encircle each sarcomere and ensure that every myofibril in the muscle fiber contracts at the same time. |
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Term
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Definition
| Myosin's force generating sites for muscle contraction. |
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Term
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Definition
| Area where axon endings meet with individual muscle fibers. |
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Term
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Definition
| A stimulus occuring after another causing a second contraction before the muscle has relaxed. Primary function is to produce smooth, continuous muscle contractions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Precise control of muscle contraction caused by increases in voltage resulting in the excitement (recruitment) of more and more motor units. |
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Term
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Definition
| First observable contraction. |
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Term
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Definition
| Strongest stimulus representing point in which all of the muscle's motor units are recruited. |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscle length changes (concentric and eccentric). |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscle SHORTENS and does work. |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscle generates force as it LENGTHENS. |
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Term
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Definition
| A unique, high-energy molecule stored in muscles that is tapped to regenerate ATP. |
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Term
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Definition
| Breakdown of glucose stored in the muscle into two pyruvic acid molecules which releases enough energy to form small amounts of ATP. |
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Term
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Definition
| The end product of cellular metabolism of glucose. Contributes to muscle fatigue and is partially responsible for muscle soreness. |
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Term
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Definition
| Requires oxygen, occurs in mitochondria and includes glycolysis. Sluggish process. |
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