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Definition
| A chemical released from certain nerve endings, especially those innervating skeletal muscles. |
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| A rapid change in electrical activity across a nerve or muscle membrane, usually due to a rapid flow of sodium ions across the membrane into the cell |
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| One of the chemical products of the breakdown of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for energy during muscle contraction |
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| A chemical that serves as the immediate source of chemical energy for most of the energy consuming reactions of the body, especially for muscle contraction. ATP is split into ADP and phosphate to form energy. |
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| Nerves that cause skeletal muscle fibers (extrafusal fibers) to contract |
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| The linkages between thick and thin filaments during muscle contraction |
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| Reduction in the electrical charge across the resting cell membrane |
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| A nerve cell that conducts an impulse from the central nervous system to muscles or glands |
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Definition
| A motor neuron and all the muscle fibers which it innervates |
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| Neuromuscular junction (motor endplate) |
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Definition
| The junction between motor nerve ending and sarcolemmal membrane of a muscle fiber |
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| The muscle fiber membrane |
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| The cytoplasm of muscle fibers |
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| A network of channels extending throughout muscle fibers; regulates the availability of calcium to the troponin molecules of the thin filaments |
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| Transverse tubules (t-tubules) |
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Definition
| Channels that conduct action potentials from the surface of a muscle fiber to the interior of the fiber |
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| A protein in the thin filaments of skeletal muscle; blocks attachment sites on actin |
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Definition
| A protein in the thin filaments of skeletal muscle; inhibits myosin ATPase activity until tropopin is inactivated by calcium ions released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum |
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| What are the three ways skeletal muscles can get ATP? |
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Definition
ATP-CP system (anaerobic)
Lactic Acid System (anaerobic)
Aerobic System |
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Definition
| A molecule that assists creation of ATP from ADP |
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| Stored creatine phosphate (CP) fuel in muscles provides enough CP for converting ADP to ATP to give you approximately 30 seconds of explosive energy. |
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| Uses a process called "glycolysis" in order to replenish ATP. Breaks down glucose, but produces lactic acid -- a toxin that inhibits muscle function. YOU CAN SUSTAIN IN THIS MODE FOR 1-2 MINUTES |
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Definition
| Uses carbohydrates, protein and fat as fuel to produce ATP. This conversion requires oxygen. When you continue aerobic for more than 15 minutes you begin to use fat efficiently as a fuel. |
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