Term
| What tubercle can you find on the distal radius? Dorsal or ventral? What muscles does it separate |
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Definition
Lister's Tubercle
Dorsal Radius
Separates ECRB (lateral) and EPL (medial) |
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Term
| Is the articular surface of the radius convex or concave? |
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Definition
| Concave in all directions (M/L and A/P) |
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Term
| Discuss how the radius is angled. |
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Definition
25 degrees ulnarly
10 degrees palmarly |
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Term
| What groove can you find on the distal, dorsal ulna? |
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Definition
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Term
| The distal ulna articulates with what complex? |
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Definition
| TFCC (Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex) |
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Term
| Name the carpal bones in the proximal row. |
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Definition
1. Scaphoid
2. Lunate
3. Triquetrum
4. Pisiform |
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Term
| Scaphoid contacts ___ carpals and ___ (radius or ulna) |
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Definition
Scaphoid contacts 4 carpals: lunate, Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate
Radius |
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Term
| Where are the 2 convex surfaces on the scaphoid? |
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Definition
1. Proximal pole
2. Distal pole |
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Term
| The proximal pole of the scaphoid articulates with the _____? |
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Definition
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Term
| The distal pole of the scaphoid articulates with? |
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Definition
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Term
| Scaphoid tubercle projects _____. (palmarly or dorsally) |
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Definition
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Term
| What part of the scaphoid is concave? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the medial facet of the scaphoid articulate with? |
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Definition
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Term
| Small facet at the proximal pole of the scaphoid articulates with? |
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Definition
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Term
| The scaphoid is the most commonly _____ carpal. |
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Definition
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Term
| Does the scaphoid have good blood supply? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the central bone of the proximal row? |
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Definition
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Term
| The proximal surface of the lunate is ____ (convex or concave) and articulates with? |
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Definition
Convex
Articulates with the radius |
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Term
| Distal surface of the lunate is ____ (convex or concave) |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the distal surface of the lunate articulate with? |
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Definition
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Term
| Triquetrum is what shape of a bone? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the triquetrum articulate with? |
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Definition
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Term
| Pisiform is a ___shaped ___ bone. |
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Definition
| Pea-shaped, sesamoid bone |
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Term
| Where does the pisiform rest? |
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Definition
| palmar side of the triquetrum |
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Term
| Name the distal row carpals. |
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Definition
1. Trapezium
2. Trapezoid
3. Capitate
4. Hamate |
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Term
| The proximal surface of the trapezium is ____ (convex/concave). It articulates with ____ |
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Definition
| concave trapezium articulates with scaphoid (distal pole) |
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Term
| The distal surface of the trapezium is _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the distal surface of the trapezium articulate with? |
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Definition
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Term
| Tubercle on the Trapezium projects ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| The tubercle of the trapezium is the attachment site for ______? |
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Definition
| Transverse carpal ligament |
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Term
| The tubercle of the trapezium is also a groove for what muscle? |
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Definition
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Term
| Trapezoid proximal surface is ___ (convex/concave? |
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Definition
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Term
| The distal surface of the trapezoid articulates with? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the largest carpal bone? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the capitate articulate with proximally? |
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Definition
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Term
| The distal surface of the capitate is rigidily attached to the ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Capitate and 3rd metacarpal form the stable pillar |
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Definition
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Term
| The distal surface of the hamate articulates with? |
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Definition
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Term
| The hook of the hamate is found palmarly. The hook of the hamate is the attachment site for the ? |
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Definition
| transverse carpal ligament [medially] |
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Term
| What forms the carpal tunnel? |
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Definition
palmar side carpal bones
Transverse carpal ligament |
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Term
| What is contained within the carpal tunnel? |
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Definition
Median nerve
Tendons of the extrinsic digital flexors |
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Term
| What are the attachment sites for the transverse carpal ligament |
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Definition
Medially: pisiform and hook of the hamate
Laterally: scaphoid tubercle and trapezium tubercle |
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Term
| Name the joints of the wrist |
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Definition
1. Radiocarpal
2. Midcarpal
3. Intercarpal |
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Term
| Load bearing through the radiocarpal joint? |
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Definition
20% of the load goes through TFCC
80% of the load goes through scaphoid and lunate directly to radius |
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Term
| the joint contact of the radiocarpal joint is greatest in what wrist position? |
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Definition
extension and ulnar deviation
this is the position of max grip strength |
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Term
| Medial compartment of the midcarpal joint is comprised of? |
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Definition
convex capitate and hamate
concave lunate and scaphoid |
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Term
| Lateral compartment of the midcarpal joint? |
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Definition
| convex scaphoid and concave trapezium and trapezoid |
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Term
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Definition
small joints between carpal bones
Allow small gliding motions between carpals |
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Term
| Two groups of ligaments of the wrist? |
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Definition
Extrinsic= proximal attachment outside the carpal bones
Intrinsic= proximal and distal attachments are on carpal bones |
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Term
| Name the Extrinsic Ligaments of the wrist |
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Definition
1. Dorsal radiocarpal
2. Radial Collateral
3. Palmar Radiocarpal
4. Ulnocarpal Complex (TFCC) |
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Term
| Dorsal Radiocarpal Ligament is taut in? |
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Definition
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Term
| Radial Collateral ligament is taut in? |
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Definition
| Ulnar deviation and Extension |
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Term
| Palmar radiocarpal ligament is taut in? |
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Definition
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Term
| Components of the palmar radiocarpal? |
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Definition
Radiocapitate
Radiolunate
Radioscapholunate |
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Term
| Ulnocarpal Complex (TFCC): ulnar collateral ligament is taut in? |
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Definition
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Term
| TFCC: palmar ulnocarpal ligament is taut in? |
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Definition
| Extension and ulnar deviation |
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Term
| Name the intrinsic ligaments of the wrist |
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Definition
1. Short ligament of distal row
2. Intermediate Ligament
3. Long Ligaments |
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Term
| Function of the short ligament of the distal row? |
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Definition
| Allows the distal row to function as a unit |
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Term
| Components of the intermediate ligaments |
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Definition
1. Lunotriquetral
2. Scapholunate
3. Scaphotrapezial |
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Term
| Function of the intermediate ligaments |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. Palmar Intercarpal
2. Dorsal Intercarpal |
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Term
| Where does the palmar intercarpal run? |
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Definition
Lateral leg: capitate to scaphoid
Medial leg: capitate to triquetrum |
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Term
| Where does the dorsal intercarpal run? |
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Definition
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Term
| List the primary wrist extensors. |
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Definition
1. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (ECRL)
2. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (ECRB)
3. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris (ECU) |
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Term
| List the secondary wrist extensors |
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Definition
1. Extensor Digitorum
2. Extensor Indicis
3. Extensor Digiti Minimi
4. Extensor Pollicis Longus |
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Term
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Definition
1. Flexor carpi radialis
2. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
3. Palmaris Longus |
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Term
| List the secondary wrist flexors |
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Definition
1. Flexor digitorum profundus
2. Flexor digitorum superficialis
3. Flexor pollicis longus |
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Term
| How many compartments are there in the dorsal wrist? |
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Definition
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Term
| List the 6 compartments of the dorsal wrist |
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Definition
1. EPB, ABPL
2. ECRL/ECRB
3. EPL
4. ED/EI
5. EDM
6. ECU |
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Term
| List the Radial Deviators of the Wrist |
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Definition
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Term
| List the ulnar deviators of the wrist |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the radial nerve innervate? |
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Definition
Muscles that cross the dorsum of the wrist
Extensors |
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Term
| What does the median and ulnar nerve innervate? |
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Definition
| Muscles that cross the palmar wrist surface |
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Term
| How many degrees of freedom are there at the wrist? |
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Definition
| 2: Wrist Flexion/Wrist Extension, Radial Deviation/Ulnar Deviation |
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Term
| Osteokinematics of Wrist Extension at the radiocarpal joint? |
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Definition
| Convex lunate rolls dorsally and glides volarly on the radius |
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Term
| Osteokinematics of wrist extension at the midcarpal joint? |
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Definition
| Convex Head of capitate rolls dorsally and slides volarly on lunate |
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Term
| Osteokinematics of wrist flexion at the radiocarpal joint? |
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Definition
| Convex lunate rolls volarly and glides dorsally on radius |
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Term
| Osteokinematics of wrist flexion at the midcarpal joint? |
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Definition
| Convex head of capitate rolls volarly and glides dorsally on the lunate |
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Term
| Osteokinematics of wrist ulnar deviation at the radiocarpal joint? |
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Definition
| Scaphoid, lunate triquetrum roll ulnarly and slide radially |
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Term
| Wrist osteokinematics of wrist ulnar deviation at the midcarpal joint? |
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Definition
| Capitate rolls ulnarly and slides radially |
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Term
| osteokinematics of wrist radial deviation at the radiocarpal joint? |
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Definition
| scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum roll radially and glide ulnarly |
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Term
| osteokinematics for wrist radial deviation at the midcarpal joint? |
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Definition
| Capitate rolls radially and slides ulnarly |
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Term
| All wrist motions are convex bones moving on concave bones meaning they will roll and slide in different directions |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 components of stability of the wrist? |
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Definition
1. Muscular= compression
2. Articular= intercalated segment; proximal row of carpals acts as an intercalated segment [no muscles attach directly to the proximal row]
3. Ligamentous |
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Term
| Describe the shape of the ligamentous stability? |
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Definition
| Double V system with and distal and proximal inverted V's |
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Term
| Distal inverted v is comprised of? |
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Definition
| Palmar intercarpal ligament |
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Term
| Proximal inverted v is made up of? |
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Definition
| Ulnocarpal and palmar radiocarpal ligaments |
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Term
Tension in double V system: Neutral?
UD?
RD? |
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Definition
Neutral: all under slight stretch
Ulnar Deviation: Lateral Palmar Intercarpal [Scaphoid to capitiate], Palmar Ulnocarpal
Radial Deviation: medial Palmar Intercarpal, Palmar Radiocarpal
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Term
| With a compression force from both ends the proximal carpal row is prone to? |
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Definition
Rotational collapse
(lunate is most common) |
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Term
| Other names for this rotational collapse? |
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Definition
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Term
| Dorsal Intercalated Segment Instability |
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Definition
| Scapholunate ligament is disrupted and lunate dislocates. IF the distal articular surface of the lunate faces dorsally= dorsal intercalated segment instability |
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Term
| Volar intercalated segment instability? |
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Definition
| Disruption of the lunotriquetral ligament allowing the lunate to dislocate so the distal articular surface faces volarly |
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Term
| Ulnar angulation of distal radius of 25 degrees creates a natural tendency for the carpus to translate? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the loose packed position of the radiocarpal joint? |
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Definition
| Neutral with slight ulnar deviation |
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Term
| What is the closed pack position of the radiocarpal joint? |
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Definition
| Extension with Ulnar Deviation |
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Term
| Capsular pattern for radiocarpal joint? |
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Definition
| Flexion and extension are equally limited |
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Term
| What is the loose packed position of the midcarpal joint? |
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Definition
| Neutral or slight flexion with UD |
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Term
| What is the closed pack position of the midcarpal joint? |
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Definition
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Term
| Capsular pattern for the midcarpal joint? |
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Definition
| Flexion and extension are equally limited |
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Term
| What is the loose packed position of the intercarpal joint? |
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Definition
| Neutral or slight flexion |
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Term
| What is the close packed position of the intercarpal joint? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the loose packed position of the CMC joint (thumb and fingers)? |
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Definition
Thumb= midway between ABD/ADD and Flex/Ext
Fingers= midway between flexion and extension |
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Term
| What is the closed packed position for the CMC (thumb and fingers)? |
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Definition
Thumb= full opposition
Fingers= full flexion |
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Term
| What is the capsular pattern of the thumb? fingers? |
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Definition
Thumb: ABD most limited followed by extension
Fingers: equally limited in all directions |
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Term
| What is the loose packed position of the distal radioulnar joint? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the closed pack position of the distal radioulnar joint? |
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Definition
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