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| Reform in the early 1900's that focused on urban issues such as plight of workers, poor sanitation, and corrupt politicians |
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| In 1910 70% of laborers worked an average of______hours a week. |
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| Most progressives were... |
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| native born, middle or upper class, and college educated. |
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| Growth of urban middle class... |
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| Grew from 750,000 to 10 million from 1870 to 1910. |
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| The middle class was made up of... |
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| doctors, social reformers, engineers, ministers, small business owners, teachers, and writers. |
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| Before the progressive movement the middle class... |
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| Had no role in politics and society. |
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Superintendent in Chicago:
~first woman to hold such a job in a major city. |
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| supported women's suffrage and ab end to child labor. |
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| Progressives called for... |
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*8-hour work day
*minimum wage
*safer working conditions
*end to child labor |
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| 1893: Created by a reform minded Scottish-Irish immigrant-- S.S. McClure |
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| In one Pittsburgh steel mill_____percent of its workforce was injured or killed on the job each year between 1907 & 1910. |
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| investigative journalist who exposed the "muck" of society. |
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| Began muckraking along with Claude Wetmore |
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| She wrote an article opposing monopolies, because her father's oil company had been swallowed up by Rockefeller. |
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| Wrote about the plight of teh African Americans. |
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| Depicted workers as being brutalized by greedy business owners. |
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| Wrote about the close-mindedness of elite society causing social isolation and despair. |
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| Argued that the government should use its powers to promote the welfare of all citizens |
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| In 1900 people worked for nearly 10 hours a day for 6 days a week, for about____a day. |
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| Worked too fast making buttonholes, so her pay was docked, then she was fired. |
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*not educated
*health problems
*made bad decisions |
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| In the year 1912 ___ states had labor laws. |
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| Worked tirelessly to reform labor laws. |
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| Why would parents put their child in labor situations? |
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| They needed the money to survive. |
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| What year did Congress pass the minimum wage law? |
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March 2, 1911 -143 of the 500 employees in a 10 story building were killed in a fire after being locked inside during work hours.
*Rag bin caught on fire.
*Too many on elevator - stalled and they burned.
*60 jumped out of the window on the 8th floor. |
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Term
| What was the result of the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire? |
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Definition
| Popular outrage was so great that lawmakers soon passed protective legislation to help workers. |
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| A Woman's Trade Union organizer who argued that only a strong working class movement could bring real change to the workplace. |
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| The freedom to negotiate the terms of their employment. |
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| An employer challenged the 10-hour workday. |
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| The "Brandeis Brief"contained examples of the harm from working long hours when arguing the case Muller v. Oregon. |
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| All employees must belong to a Union. |
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| The system where the government or workers cooperatives own most factories, utilities, transportation, and communication systems. |
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| Led the AFL(American Federation of Labor) which made it grow substantially. |
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Term
| The AFL excluded unskilled workers, and in 1902 only about _____ of African American workers were Union members. |
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| International Ladies Garment Worker's Union |
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| Established in 1900 in New York City: It sought to unionize workers. |
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| A young Jewish immigrant who started a strike. |
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| Industrial Workers of the World(IWW) |
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| William "Big Bill" Haywood |
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| Leader of the IWW, who made claims for the working class. |
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| 1912: the year that _____ workers went on strike against textile mills in Lawrence Massachusetts.(two months: owner gives in) |
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| A settlement house worker who attacked irresponsible tenement owner - fought to improve housing. |
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| A city planner who redesigned Chicago, Cleveland, San Fransisco, and Washington D.C. |
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| The banning of the manufacturing, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages. |
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| Women's Christian Temperance Society(WTCU) |
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Definition
| Helped lead the prohibition movement with the Anti-Saloon League(ASL). |
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| Stated that saloons were "the parent of crimes, and the mother of sin." |
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| Led the WTCU, and turned it into a powerful force of temperance, purity, and women's rights. |
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Prohibited alcohol.
*Ratified - 1919
*Repealed - 1933 |
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| In 1903 this movie was the first with a storyline: |
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| What year did the movie industry begin to censor itself? |
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| He was one of the most influential Aftican American Leaders, who wrote the book The Souls of Black Folk, which expressed his dual identity as both an African and American. |
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| National Association for the Advancement of Colored People(NAACP) |
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| An association of colored people that started after the lynching of two Africans. It had a monthly magazine called The Crisis, which was edited by Du Bois. |
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| Was founded in 1911 by white reformers who wanted change. It called for racial equality. |
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| Caused Indians to lose property. |
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| Society of American Indians |
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| A group of 50 American Indians who discussed ways to improve civil rights, education, health, and local government. |
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| A process of preparing foreign- born residents for full U.S. citizenship. |
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