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| A feature of a class of movements that remains constant or invariant, while surface features change. |
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| An easily changeable aspect of a movement , such as movement time or amplitude that does not affect the deep structure (invariant structure) |
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| Values applied to a generalized motor program that determine a movement's surface features, such as speed amplitude or limb use. |
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| Generalized Motor Program (GMP) |
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| A motor program whose output can vary along certain dimensions to produce novelty and generalizability in movement. |
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| Accurately determining when a stimulus will arrive or when a movement is to be made. |
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| The amount of spread or variability, of movement end points about a target in an aiming task; represents the perfomeers effective target size; the within subject standard deviation of the movement distances for a set of trials. |
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| (Linear) speed-accuracy Trade-off |
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| The tendency for accuracy to decrease as the movement speed or velocity of a movement increases and vice versa. |
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| Open loop control characteristics |
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1. Advanced instructions: operation, sequence, timing.
2. Initiate, execute instructions w/o modification
3. No feedback = no error correction
4. Effective in: stable predictable |
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1. RT < when additional elements are added to the action.
2. RT < when more limbs
3. RT < when duration of movement < |
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| Startle RT and motor program |
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Definition
Prepared movement produced normally
RT 100ms shorter
Pattern or actions UNCHANGED
(Supports motor program) |
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| Deafferentation experiment conclusions and motor program |
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Sensory info from moving limb NOT critical for movement production
(Supports: movements organized centrally in motor programs) |
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| Central Pattern Generator |
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| For genetically defined activities |
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| Muscle Response Pattern for quick movements |
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| agonist-antagonist-agonist |
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1. Define/issue commands to muscles. Determines when, force, duration and which muscles.
2. Organize degrees of freedom into single unit.
3. Specify/initiate posture adjustments.
4. Modulate reflex pathways |
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