Term
| What percent do maxillary and mandibular molar widths make up of the quadrant width? |
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Definition
51% mandibular
44% maxillary |
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Term
| What are the only teeth with no tooth in proximal contact with the distal surface? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the functions of molars? |
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Definition
•Mastication (grinding)
•Maintenance of vertical dimension of face
•Maintenance of arch continuity for proper alignment
•Support cheeks (esthetics) |
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Term
| Which dimension is greater for most molars? mesiodistal or occlusocervical? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many cusps do most molars have? |
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Definition
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Term
| What crowns are larger than other teeth but shortest occlusocervically? |
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Definition
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Term
| The crown of molars taper narrower from buccal to lingual on the occlusal view except on which molars? |
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Definition
| except maxillary first molar with large distolingual cusp |
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Term
| Do molar crowns tend to taper narrower from distal to mesial or mesial to distal from the proximal view? |
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Definition
| From occlusal view, molar crowns taper narrower buccolingually from mesial to distal (are narrower buccolingually in the distal third than in the mesial third) |
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Term
| Where is the facial height of contour on molars? |
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Definition
| cervical third (as on all teeth) |
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Term
| Where is the lingual height of contour on molars? |
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Definition
| middle third (as on all posterior teeth) |
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Term
Where is the mesial contact of molars?
Distal contact? |
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Definition
•Mesial contact located near junction of middle/occlusal thirds (on all molars)
•Distal contact more cervical near middle of tooth (on all molars) |
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Term
Is the maxillary or mandibular molar crown mesiodistal greater than faciolingual from the occlusal view?
Is the maxillary or mandibular molar crown faciolingual greater than mesiodistall from the occlusal view? |
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Definition
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Term
What shape is the maxillary molar?
What shape is the mandibular? |
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Definition
| Maxillary molar is more square (rhomboid or parallelogram) while mandibular is more rectangular (or pentagon shaped on firsts) |
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Term
How many cusps do mandibular molars have?
How many cusp do maxillary molars have? |
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Definition
•Mandibular: four large cusps (plus often on first a fifth cusp = distal)
•Maxillary: three larger cusps plus smaller distolingual (and possible fifth Carabelli cusp) |
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Term
| Do mandibular or maxillary crowns tilt lingually relative to root axis |
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Definition
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Term
| Do the mandibular or maxillary crown tilt slightly to the distal from the buccal view? |
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Definition
| from buccal view, the mandibular crowns tilt slightly more distally than the maxillary |
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Term
How many roots do maxillary molars have?
How many roots do mandibular molars have?
Also describe which roots are longer/shorter/wider compared to the others. |
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Definition
Maxillary-3 roots
-Lingual (longest)
-Distobuccal (shortest)
-Mesiobuccal (wider than distobuccal)
mandibular - 2 roots
-mesial (longer and wider)
-distal (shorter and narrower) |
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Term
| Are mandibular molars normally wider occlusocervically or mesiodistally? |
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Definition
| Both mandibular molars are normally wider mesiodistally than occlusocervically (more so on firsts) |
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Term
| Is the first or second molar larger? |
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Definition
| First molar larger than second |
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Term
| How many cusps do mandibular first molars have |
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Definition
–Three buccal (mesiobuccal greater than distobuccal greater than distal (smallest, shortest))
–Two lingual: mesiolingual (longest handheld) greater than distolingual) |
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Term
How many buccal grooves do mandibular first molars have?
How many buccal grooves do mandibular second molars have? |
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Definition
First has 2 buccal grooves (mesiobuccal, distobuccal)
Second has 1 (buccal) |
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Term
| 15-20% of mandibular first molars have only 4 cusps-- which one is missing? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many cusps do second molars have? |
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Definition
4 cusps
-2 buccal: mesiobuccal and distobuccal (shortest if handheld)
-2 lingual: mesiolingual (longest if handheld) and distolingual (second longest) |
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Term
| Where are the contact areas located on all molars? |
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Definition
| All molars have proximal contact areas located more occlusal on the mesial surface (at junction of middle and occlusal thirds) than on the distal (near middle of tooth) |
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Term
| The CEJ may dip into the bifurcation on the buccal or lingual side of mandibular molars?? |
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Definition
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Term
| The crown tapers from distal contact to CEJ more on first or second mandibular molars? |
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Definition
| More crown taper from distal contact to CEJ on firsts than seconds |
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Term
| Are the roots more divergent toward the apex on the first or second mandibular molar? |
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Definition
| Roots more divergent toward apex on first than second |
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Term
| From the lingual view, are the lingual cusps shorter or longer than the buccal cusp? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the distolingual or mesiolingual cusp wider? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which groove is unlikely to be carious? |
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Definition
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Term
| The roots of mandibular molars will be narrower on the lingual or buccal side? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which root is twist on mandibular molars? |
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Definition
| mesial root- so more of mesial surface is visible |
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Term
| Where is the height of contour on mandibular molars from the proximal view? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the lingual crest in mandibular molars from the proximal view? |
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Definition
| middle third (as on all molars) |
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Term
| The buccal bulge is called _______ running mesiodistally and is more prominent in which half from the occlusal view of mandibular molars? |
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Definition
| Buccal bulge is called a cervical ridge running mesiodistally and more prominent in mesial half (seen occlusally) |
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Term
| Are the lingual or buccal cusps more pointed and longer (handheld) from the proximal view? |
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Definition
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Term
| Can you see more of the occlusal surface on the mesial or distal side of mandibular molars? |
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Definition
| From distal, can see more of occlusal surface due to taper shorter toward distal |
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Term
| The CEJ of mandibular molars from the proximal view slightly slopes in which direction |
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Definition
| CEJ slopes occlusally from buccal to lingual |
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Term
| Is the mesial marginal ridge or distal marginal ridge more cervical on mandibular molars? |
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Definition
| Distal marginal ridge is more cervical than mesial marginal ridge (similar to proximal contacts), therefore see more of occlusal surface from distal |
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Term
| On mandibular molars, which root is broader faciolingually and longer? |
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Definition
-Mesial root is broader faciolingually and longer than distal root, so cannot see distal root from mesial view
-From distal, can see wider mesial root behind distal root |
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Term
| Do the roots of mandibular molars have depressions on their mesial and distal surfaces? If so, which is deeper |
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Definition
-Mesial root has mesial and distal root depression (distal is deeper)
-Smaller distal root has mesial root depression but distal surface is variable |
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Term
| how many cusps do mandibular and first and second molars often have and which is the largest/smallest? |
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Definition
•Mandibular first molars most often have 5 cusps: mesiobuccal cusp is the largest and distal cusp is the smallest
•Mandibular second molars most often have 4 cusps: mesiobuccal is the largest, and distolingual is the smallest |
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Term
| If viewed along the root axis, will the facial or lingual surface be more visible |
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Definition
| If viewed along root axis, more facial surface is visible than lingual due to lingual tipping of the crown relative to the root |
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Term
| What shape is the mandibular second molar from the occlusal view? |
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Definition
Mandibular second is rectangular (mesiodistal greater than buccolingual)
Taper narrower from mesial to distal, from buccal to lingual |
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Term
| The buccal cervical ridge is more prominent mesially or distally on the second molar? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the outline of the mandibular first molar from the occlusal view?
Where is the buccal cervical ridge more prominent? |
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Definition
pentagon
Buccal cervical ridge more prominent in middle (over distoobuccal cusp), making outline more pentagon shaped |
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Term
| Is the distal third or medial third narrower buccolingually on the mandibular first molar from the occlusal view? |
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Definition
| Distal third narrower buccolingually than mesial third |
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Term
| How many transverse ridges do manibular molars have and what are they? |
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Definition
2 tranverse ridges
Mesiobuccal + mesiolingual = mesial transverse ridge
Distobuccal + distolingual = distale transverse ridge |
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Term
| How many fossae do first and second molars have? What are they and which one is the largest/smallest? |
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Definition
First and second molars have three fossae (most with pit of same name)
–Central (largest)
–Mesial triangular
–Distal triangular (very small) |
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Term
| Which molar has groove pattern is “+” shaped where buccal and lingual grooves join and cross the central groove |
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Definition
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Term
| What shape is the mandibular second molar from the occlusal view? |
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Definition
Mandibular second is rectangular (mesiodistal greater than buccolingual)
Taper narrower from mesial to distal, from buccal to lingual |
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Term
| The buccal cervical ridge is more prominent mesially or distally on the second molar? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the outline of the mandibular first molar from the occlusal view?
Where is the buccal cervical ridge more prominent? |
|
Definition
pentagon
Buccal cervical ridge more prominent in middle (over distoobuccal cusp), making outline more pentagon shaped |
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Term
| Is the distal third or medial third narrower buccolingually on the mandibular first molar from the occlusal view? |
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Definition
| Distal third narrower buccolingually than mesial third |
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Term
| How many transverse ridges do manibular molars have and what are they? |
|
Definition
2 tranverse ridges
Mesiobuccal + mesiolingual = mesial transverse ridge
Distobuccal + distolingual = distale transverse ridge |
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Term
| How many fossae do first and second molars have? What are they and which one is the largest/smallest? |
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Definition
First and second molars have three fossae (most with pit of same name)
–Central (largest)
–Mesial triangular
–Distal triangular (very small) |
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Term
| Which molar has groove pattern is “+” shaped where buccal and lingual grooves join and cross the central groove |
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Definition
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Term
| Which groove on mandibular 2nd molars is caries prone? |
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Definition
| Buccal groove with buccal pit is caries prone |
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Term
| Which molar has more of a zig-zag central groove from mesial to distal fossa |
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Definition
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Term
| The mesial and distal contact areas on mandibular contact areas are normally slightly buccal or lingual to the faciolingual midline? |
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Definition
| Mesial and distal contact areas normally slightly buccal to the faciolingual midline (so lingual embrasure is larger than buccal embrasure) |
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Term
What molars are associated with each shape from the occlusal view
Pentagon
Rectangle
Rhomboid/parallelogram
Heart |
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Definition
•Pentagon = mandibular first
•Rectangle = mandibular second
•Rhomboid/parallelogram = maxillary first or second molars
•Heart = maxillary second, three-cusp type |
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Term
| What is the possible extra lingual cusp on mandibular molars called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the extra cusp (tubercle) on distal marginal ridge of first molars called? |
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Definition
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Term
What are other terms for a root that is bent?
What direction does a root typically bend in mandibular molars? |
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Definition
flexion or dilaceration
distal |
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